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Pharmacist-led Intervention in Treatment Non-adherence and Associated Direct Costs of Management Among Ambulatory Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Southwestern Nigeria
Published 2021Subjects: “…Pharmacist-led Intervention in Treatment Non-adherence and Associated Direct Costs of Management Among Ambulatory Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Southwestern Nigeria…”
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The comorbidity between depression and diabetes
Published 2013Subjects: “…Bidirectional associations…”
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Association 2 results 2
- Association rules 2 results 2
- Classification 2 results 2
- Feature extraction 2 results 2
- Leadership 2 results 2
- PhishTank 2 results 2
- Phishing 2 results 2
- Phishing is a semantic attack which targets the user rather than the computer. It is a new Internet crime in comparison with other forms such as virus and hacking. Considering the damage phishing websites has caused to various economies by collapsing organizations, stealing information and financial diversion, various researchers have embarked on different ways of detecting phishing websites but there has been no agreement about the best algorithm to be used for prediction. This study is interested in integrating the strengths of two algorithms, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Multi-Class Classification Rules based on Association Rules (MCAR) to establish a strong and better means of predicting phishing websites. A total of 11,056 websites were used from both PhishTank and yahoo directory to verify the effectiveness of this approach. Feature extraction and rules generation were done by the MCAR technique; classification and prediction were done by SVM technique. The result showed that the technique achieved 98.30% classification accuracy with a computation time of 2205.33s with minimum error rate. It showed a total of 98% Area under the Curve (AUC) which showed the proportion of accuracy in classifying phishing websites. The model showed 82.84% variance in the prediction of phishing websites based on the coefficient of determination. The use of two techniques together in detecting phishing websites produced a more accurate result as it combined the strength of both techniques respectively. This research work centralized on this advantage by building a hybrid of two techniques to help produce a more accurate result. 2 results 2
- Prediction 2 results 2
- "Comorbidity of depression and diabetes is common, and each disorder has a negative impact on the outcome of the other. The direction of causality is not certain as each disorder seems to act as both a risk factor and consequence for the other in longitudinal studies. This bidirectional association is possibly mediated by shared environmental and genetic risk factors. Comorbid depression is associated with reduced adherence to medication and self-care management, poor glycaemic control, increased health care utilization, increased costs and elevated risk of complications, as well as mortality in patients with diabetes. Psychological and pharmacological interventions are shown to be effective in improving depression symptoms; however, collaborative care programs that simultaneously manage both disorders seem to be most effective in improving diabetes-related outcomes." 1 results 1
- "Depression 1 results 1
- "The Fadama-Il part of the National Fadama Development Project was implemented to consolidate the gains of Fadama-I in Nigeria, in order to further improve the welfare of the rural people and enhance public participation in decision-making at the community level. This paper examines the contributions of Fadama-Il project to the socio-economic and infrastructural development Ibarapa North local government area of Oyo state. Nigeria. The paper presents the result of a questionnaire survey of Fadama User Groups (FUGs) carried out in 2009 in the study area. A total of 258 (20%) of the 1.290 members of 86 FUGs found in the three principal towns and twenty-two villages in the study area were sampled. Stratified and systematic random sampling techniques were used in the selection of sampled settlements and respondents respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used for data analysis. Findings showed that the income of the rural poor improved significantly after partaking in the Fadama-Il projects with 56.6% of the respondents earning an average annual income of #200.000. 00 or more. There was also a drastic reduction in the proportion of people in low income class from 33.0% to 7.0%. The result of the paired samples t-test gave a t value of-4. 067at 257 degrees of freedom while the probability of occurring by chance is 0.000 which is lower at O.05 level of significance. The Fadama Community Associations (FCAs) provided about 33 rural infrastructural facilities. Based on its visible overall outcome. the paper argued that Fadama-Il project is a viable rural development and poverty alleviation strategy. It concluded that the project's goal of rural development was achieved in the study area and as such can be replicated in other rural communities in Oyo state and Nigeria. Recommendations are offered to sustain the success recorded by the project. " 1 results 1
- : Fadama-Il project, rural development, public participation, Fadama community association, Fadama user groups 1 results 1
- Aba Market Women Association 1 results 1
- Adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy are common ear, nose and throat operations in children and are often accompanied by complications. This study assessed the perianaesthetic complications encountered among patients who had adenotonsillectomy in a tertiary hospital through May 2009 to April 2010.The study comprised of 49 subjects made up of 26 (53%) males and 23 (47%) females with a median age 36 (range=8 – 64) months and a median weight of 14kg (range = 5 –76kg). All the patients had general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation. The procedures included tonsillectomy in 8 (16%) subjects, adenoidectomy in 18 (37%) and adenotonsillectomy in 23 (47%). Of the 49 patients, 24 (49%) had associated OSA, 2 (4%) had sickle cell disease, 1 (2%) patient had Down’s syndrome and 1 (2%) had hypertension. The estimated median blood loss was 50ml with a range of 20-200ml. The incidence of critical events and complications was 53.1%. Vomiting was the most common complication, occurring in 16% of the patients, followed by accidental tube dislodgement 14% and tube compression 10%. The use of plastic endotracheal tube was significantly associated with the occurrence of tube compression compared to the reinforced (non-kinkable) tube (Fisher’s exact=0.034), in addition, the presence of OSA is significantly associated with delayed post-operative recovery (Fisher’s exact = 0.05).We conclude that there is a high incidence of tube compression and dislodgement complicating adenotonsillectomy suggesting the need to modify the method of anchoring the endotracheal tube during the procedure. 1 results 1
- Adenotonsillectomy 1 results 1
- African yambean 1 results 1
- Antidepressant medications 1 results 1
- Association among traits 1 results 1
- Asuwada Theory 1 results 1
- Background: Kidney disease is an important extra-hepatic manifestation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, there is paucity of recent literature on kidney disease in children and adolescents with HBV infection from several parts of sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. Objective: To review the pattern of kidney disease in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive children and adolescents seen at a tertiary hospital in south-west Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken of HBsAg-seropositive children with kidney disease managed at University College Hospital, Ibadan, from January 2004 to December 2015. Patients were identified from the paediatric nephrology unit admissions and the renal histology registers. Results: 24 children and adolescents were studied, 17 of whom were male (70.8%), and the median age was 10.0 years (range 3–15). Ten (41.7%) had nephrotic syndrome, five (20.8%) had non-nephrotic glomerulonephritis, five (20.8%) were in end-stage renal disease (ESRD), including a patient with posterior urethral valves, and four had acute kidney injury secondary to acute tubular necrosis. Renal histology was available for 10 patients: nine had nephrotic syndrome associated with minimal change disease in six, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in two and one had membanoproliferative glomerulonephritis. The patient with non-nephrotic glomerulonephritis had diffuse global sclerosis. Conclusion: The pattern of kidney disease in HBV-positive children demonstrated a predominance of nephrotic syndrome, followed by non-nephrotic glomerulonephritis, ESRD and acute kidney injury. Better diagnostic facilities and treatment are required. Prevention of HBV infection by universal childhood immunisation is the ultimate goal. 1 results 1
- Background: Non-adherence to recommended therapy remains a challenge to achieving optimal clinical outcome with resultant economic implications. Objective: To evaluate the effect of a pharmacist-led intervention on treatment non-adherence and direct costs of management among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Method: A quasi-experimental study among 201-patients with T2D recruited from two-tertiary healthcare facilities in southwestern Nigeria using semi-structured interview. Patients were assigned into control (HbA1c < 7%, n = 95) and intervention (HbA1c ≥ 7%, n = 106) groups. Baseline questionnaire comprised modified 4-item Medication Adherence Questions (MAQ), Perceived Dietary Adherence Questionnaire (PDAQ) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire, to assess participants’ adherence to medications, diet and physical activity, respectively. Postbaseline, participants were followed-up for 6-month with patient-specific educational intervention provided to resolve adherence discrepancies in the intervention group only, while control group continued to receive usual care. Subsequently, direct costs of management for 6-month pre-baseline and 6-month post-baseline were estimated for both groups. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Chi-square, McNemar and paired t-test were used to evaluate categorical and continuous variables at p < 0.05 1 results 1
- Bidirectional associations 1 results 1
- Brain dysfunctions 1 results 1
- Breeding for drought tolerance and increased grain yield is vital in mitigating the threat posed by recurrent drought stress on maize production, as well as tackling malnutrition with plant-based food products. The study was conducted to assess the combining ability of yellow maize lines and the performance of their single-cross hybrids under drought and rain-fed conditions. A total of 24 yellow maize inbred lines from CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute Maize Improvement Programme gene pool were selected and inter-mated using North Carolina II mating design to generate 96 single-cross hybrids. The 96 hybrids together with four advanced hybrids used as checks (a total of 100 hybrids) were evaluated under drought and rain-fed conditions for two years using a 10 × 10 lattice design with two replications. The hybrids differed significantly in their grain yield (GY) and agronomic performance under the growing conditions. In the present study, drought stress reduced GY by 50.3%. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for GY and its related traits were significant. Even though additive and non-additive gene actions controlled the inheritance of the traits, additive gene action was found to be more important than non-additive genetic effects. Hybrids 27, 81 and 68 on the other hand 89, 18 and 26 were identified as the outstanding genotypes under drought and rain-fed conditions, respectively. These hybrids should be extensively evaluated under varied conditions and commercialized to enhance food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa. 1 results 1
- Collaboration 1 results 1
- Collaboration has been widely acknowledged as a potent tool for meeting the challenges of library and information science (LIS) education. Collaboration is forged not only among LIS institutions within national boundaries but also across borders. While collaboration is known to have been well developed in the developed countries of Europe and North America and is, indeed, advancing the cause of LIS education, not much seems to have been done in developing countries, particularly those in the West African region. Nigeria and Ghana are two West African countries with strong historical ties. They share, among others, a common colonial experience which culminated in the establishment of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria and the University of Ghana in the same year (1948) as affiliate colleges of University of London. The University of Ibadan’s Department of Library, Archival and Information Studies and the University of Ghana’s Department of Information Studies are notable centres of LIS education in West Africa. While the Ibadan LIS department started as the Institute of Librarianship in 1959 and admitted its first batch of six students in 1960, the Ghana LIS department evolved from the Ghana Library School established in 1961 under the auspices of Ghana Library Board. The two LIS departments have since been in the forefront in the development and sustenance of LIS education in West Africa. In view of their unique position and the long-standing relationship, what is the level of collaboration between them? This is what this study investigated. A survey research design was adopted with questionnaire and semi-structured interview with faculty in the two LIS institutions as instruments for data collection. Based on the findings and in the light of experiences in other parts of the world, recommendations are made towards improving collaboration in US education in the region. 1 results 1
- Collaborative care 1 results 1
- Combining ability 1 results 1
- Community development 1 results 1
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