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Impacts of abandoned Gebu Forest escarpment reserve in Kogi State of Nigeria on climate change: need for forest institutional measures
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Woody flora diversity and carbon sequestration potential of university of ibadan teak plantation: a consideration for climate change mitigation in southwest nigeria
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Climate change 9 results 9
- A range of published and grey literature over the last three decades has underlined the importance of urban and peri-urban agriculture and forestry (UPAF) in cities of developing regions. The focus in the published literature is on livelihoods, poverty reduction and ecosystems services at multiple city scales. Cities of developing regions, particularly in Africa, are searching for ways of addressing the unavoidable impacts of climate change and UPAF has demonstrated scalable adaptation and mitigation potential. However, evidence of UPAF’s role in mitigating and adaptation to climate change is scattered in various reports and has not been synthesized for its potential role in developing urban adaptation strategies. Building on the earlier poverty reduction focus of UPAF research, this paper contributes to UPAF knowledge regarding mitigating and adapting to climate change in urban and peri-urban areas in East and West Africa. The paper reports a synthesis based on a systematic review of the available literature on these regions, and selected sources on other parts of sub-Saharan Africa. The paper also examines the extent to which literature conveys any evidence for UPAF playing a role in mediating the effects of climate/environmental change. Limited empirical verification was undertaken in Kampala and Ibadan, but this does not form the basis for systematic generalization. The key emerging areas of adaptation and mitigation include enhanced food security, 2 results 2
- Adaptation Strategies 2 results 2
- Biological invasions 2 results 2
- Climatic suitability 2 results 2
- Leguminous tree 2 results 2
- Leucaena leucocephala, previously known as ‘miracle tree’ because of its numerous agroforestry uses has become a seri¬ous invasive species in tropical regions. Despite the risks associated with the spread of L. leucocephala, changes in its distribution with respect to climate are poorly understood, particularly in Africa where it has been widely introduced in more than 30 countries. To provide first-line information for the management of L. leucocephala, we examined its poten-tial distribution in Africa using ecological niche modelling. We identified bioclimatic variables that determine the global distribution of L. leucocephala, and calibrated niche models using MaxEnt and species occurrences recorded between 1973 and 2013. The potential distribution of this species was estimated from model projections in Africa based on cur¬rent and future climatic conditions. We tested the hypothesis of niche conservatism for L. leucocephala by comparing its climatic niche in Africa to that of its native range. Under current conditions, L. leucocephala is constrained between 30° S and 20° N in Africa, with the broadest distribution in East Africa. High rainfall areas in Central Africa with no known records of this species hitherto, were found to be highly suitable for its establishment. We predicted a significant decre¬ment in the extent of areas at risk of invasion by L. Leucocephala under changing climates in Africa. Our results revealed that the study species occupies a similar but non-identical climatic niche in Africa in relation to its native niche. Climate change is likely to impede the spread of L. leucocephala in Africa. 2 results 2
- Maximum entropy 2 results 2
- Niche dynamics 2 results 2
- Sub- Saharan Africa 2 results 2
- A review has been carried out on the ecological perspectives on climate change in Nigeria. The country is one of the leading producers of crude oil and a major contributor of greenhouse gases that cause climate change. The current and future consequences of climate change have been discussed with local examples of ecological effects. Efforts to control climate change are highlighted at local and global scales since the effects are not restricted within national boundaries. It is recommended that greenhouse gas emissions should be reduced through efficient energy use, diversification of energy sources away from fossil fuels and safe agricultural practises 1 results 1
- Adaptation 1 results 1
- Adaptation methods 1 results 1
- Agriculture 1 results 1
- Agro-ecologies 1 results 1
- Ailment 1 results 1
- An understanding of forest communities’ risk factors for climate variation, adaptation trajectories, and how agroecological differences shape their responses are critical to future policy formulation in Nigeria. Therefore, drivers of vulnerability to climate change and adaptation options of forest communities’ farming households in major agro-ecological zones of Nigeria were investigated. Data were collected, using an interview schedule, from 183 forest-edge households in savanna, mangrove, and rainforest agro-ecologies. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance were used to analyse the data. Respondents cultivated 6.4 ± 2.6 acres of farmland. Changes in rainfall patterns were most experienced in the rainforest and savanna whereas, it was temperature fluctuation in the mangrove. Crop farming was the worst hit by climate change among other livelihoods. Crop rotation in the savanna and mangrove (X = 2.12; 2.44, respectively), and mixed farming in the rainforest (X = 2.52) were top adaptation priorities while crop insurance was the least. Low paying livelihood alternatives (X = 1.54), illiteracy (X = 1.73), and lack of infrastructure (X = 1.38) were major social vulnerability drivers of climate change in the savanna, mangrove, and rainforest, respectively. Major political and economic drivers were inconsistent government policy and poverty, respectively. The use of adaptation measures was not significantly different in the agro-ecologies, whereas, the livelihood impact of climate change was (F = 9.990; p < 0.05). Social and environmental drivers of vulnerability to climate change differ in the forest communities, and adaptation priorities varied according to zones 1 results 1
- Anthropogenic 1 results 1
- Anthropogenic effects 1 results 1
- CEA 1 results 1
- CO2 1 results 1
- CROPWAT-8 Model, 1 results 1
- Carbon sequestration 1 results 1
- Children' represent a particularly vulnerable group drat is likely to suffer disproportionately from both direct and indirect adverse health effects of climate change. Conservative environmental estimates of die impact of climate change that are already in process indicate that they-will result in numerous health effects to children. The study examined the effect of climate change on die health status of-children in Southwest Nigeria. One; hundred and twenty medical practitioners and two hundred and sixty parents of affected children were randomly sampled from ten health facilities in Oyo, Ogun, Osun and Lagos States Data were collected through interview schedule and structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation at p < .0.05 level of significance. The result of die study indicated that 53.0% of die severely affected children are boys .and a significant relationship between climate change on gender (r-0.228, p-0.022 α-0.05). There was no significant relationship between age and climate change. More than half of die parents (87.0%). do not have access to adequate information on die negative effect of climate change on their children It was recommended that adaptation agenda that focuses on die realities of children’s health be pursued vigorously from die homes to die Federal government levels. Parents should be educated through print and electronic media on die need to plant trees to combat die effect of die ozone layers depletion. 1 results 1
- Climate 1 results 1
- Climate Change 1 results 1
- Climate change adaptation 1 results 1
- Climate change is a major global human development challenge. Modern technologies have been largely unsuccessful in tackling this challenge, thus indigenous knowledge for forest-management is being considered as an alternative solution. There is dearth of knowledge on the effects of cultural factors on climate change adaptation in forest-communities of Cross River, hence, this study examined the extent to which beliefs and practices of forest-management in forest-dependent communities of Cross River are engaged in addressing challenges of climate change. Ecological modernisation served as the theoretical framework while the research design was Participatory Rural Appraisal. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information from 459 respondents purposively selected from three forest-dependent communities representing mangrove forest (Iko-Esai, 153), Ekuri forest (Agoi-Ibami, 191), and Mbe/Afi forest (Butatong, 115) blocks. Quantitative data collected was on socio-demographic characteristics, indigenous beliefs and practices, and their influence on climate change adaptation behaviour. Indigenous knowledge was assessed with an 8-item instrument which categorised indigenous forest-management practices into: zero-tilling, soil-mulching, bush-fallow, crop-rotation, green-manure, mixed-cropping, tree-felling, hunting taboos, and tree planting. Key Informant Interviews were conducted with 12 officials of the Ministry of Environment, and 33 In-Depth Interviews with 18 community leaders, seven forest managers, five academics, and three policy makers on forest-related traditions and practices. Climate change and transforming social structures were assessed through reviews of archives, reports and maps. Transects were used to identify similarities and differences of paths. Seasonal calendars assessed sequences of events and their relationship with the people; while institutional analysis assessed communities’ interests, layout, infrastructures, health and wealth patterns. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and linear regression at p<0.05, while qualitative data were content analysed. The age of respondents was 40.5±4.5 years while 61.7% were males. Over 75.0% had lived in communities since birth, while 88.0% had a monthly income of less than N50,000. Effect of indigenous knowledge on climate change adaptation behaviour was significant (F=17.04; R=0.61; R2=0.37, Adj R2=0.35). Climate change adaptation behaviour was influenced by indigenous knowledge thus: use of fuel efficient cooking devices (β=0.34), seed exchange of early maturing crops (β=0.32), planting trees (β=0.27), poultry farming (β=0.13), bee keeping (β=-0.47), planting special species of crops (β=-0.30), migration to another community (β=-0.20), storing enough rainwater (β=-0.14), change period of planting crops (β=-0.13), fish farming (β=0.11). Indigenous forest-management practices occurred as: bush fallow (88%), mixed cropping (86%), green-manure (62%), tree-felling and hunting taboos (58%), tree planting (55%), soil mulching (53%), zero tilling (47%), and crop rotation (46%). Indigenous practices used to manage forests such as preservation of special species of trees, folklore on appeasement of forest gods, non-hunting of certain animals considered as agents of the gods, and non-sale of land were at risk of extinction. Oral tradition was the main source of disseminating indigenous knowledge, beliefs and practices. Indigenous knowledge and practices are useful in forest-management. Predominant climate change adaptation measures within forest-dependent Cross River are biased towards modern worldview. Therefore, the use of indigenous knowledge in forest-management should be strengthened in the policy process of climate change adaptation. 1 results 1
- Climate change is without doubt one of the greatest threats that mankind has to contend with in this 21s1 century globally. Although, climate change invariably provides opportunities to create a more improved environment for the future, the drive to address the risks and effects of climate change has been hindered due to income inequalities in developing countries. This paper presents offers an understanding of the relationship between climate change and Income inequalities. Available evidence indicates that this relationship is characterized by a vicious cycle, whereby income inequality causes the low-income groups to suffer more from the adverse effects of climate change and vice versa, resulting in greater subsequent inequality. The paper identifies the main pathways through which the inequality-aggravating effect of climate change materializes, namely (a) low income earners in the exposure to the adverse effects of climate change; (b) increase in their vulnerability to damage caused by climate change. The paper presents evidence to explain the above. It also notes that the same cycle can be used to discuss the relationship between climate change and inequality in other developing countries. Finally, it points to the ways in which the climate change and income inequality can be reduced to the minimum 1 results 1
- Climate change mitigation, 1 results 1
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