Full Text Available
Access Full Text at Repository
Search Results - "Conflict management"
- Go to Previous Page
- Showing 61 - 63 results of 63
-
A critical analysis of the military strategic lessons learned from South Africa’s participation in the force intervention brigade in the Democratic Republic of the Congo by Pieterse, Johan Christiaan
Published 2022Subjects: “…Conflict management -- Congo (Democratic Republic)…”
Get full text
Thesis -
Environmental conflict and its resolution : the case of invasive alien species management in Cape Town, South Africa by Caetano, Laura Diandra
Published 2016Subjects: “…Conflict management -- South Africa -- Cape Town…”
Get full text
ThesisFull Text AvailableAccess Full Text at Repository -
Examining the role of preventive diplomacy in South Africa’s foreign policy towards Zimbabwe, 2000-2009
Published 2013Subjects: “…Conflict management…”
Get full text
Get full text
Thesis
Search Tools:
Refine Results
Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Conflict management 4 results 4
- 1999 Constitution 1 results 1
- Bayelsa State 1 results 1
- Biafra 1 results 1
- Communal conflict management 1 results 1
- Communal conflicts are on the increase in Nigeria with attendant negative consequences. The reportage of these conflicts brings about constraints in their management and sometimes aggravates the situation. This necessitates the interoperability of the broadcast media organisations in their reporting to enhance information sharing and consistency. Previous studies have focused more on different strategies used in Communal Conflict Management (CCM), while few have considered the contributions of interoperability factors among the broadcast media in managing such conflicts. This study, therefore, determined Broadcast Media Organisational Interoperability Factors (BMOIF) as predictors of communal conflict management in Oyo and Lagos states, Nigeria. It also examined the effectiveness of the broadcast media. The study adopted survey design. Oyo and Lagos states were purposively selected because of the presence of federal, state and privately owned media organisations. Three radio and television stations were purposively selected from each of the two states. ‘Amuludun’, Broadcasting Corporation of Oyo State (BCOS), and Splash FM radio stations, and Nigeria Television Authority (NTA), BCOS and Galaxy television stations in Oyo State; and Bond FM, Radio Lagos, Raypower FM radio stations and NTA Lagos, Lagos Television and Television Continental from Lagos State. Stratified random sampling technique was adopted in selecting 303 broadcast journalists; 958 community representatives from four (two from each state) purposively selected high conflict-prone local government areas. Media Personnel and Audience CCM Checklists, BMOIF (r=0.97) and Broadcast Media Effectiveness (BME) (r=0.99) scales were used for data collection. These were complemented with 12 and eight sessions of In-depth Interview and Focus Group Discussion respectively with selected journalists and community representatives. Data were subjected to content analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson product moment correlation and multiple regression at 0.05 level of significance. Usage of interoperable communication (r=.87), technology (r=.86) and training (r=.85) had positive significant correlation with CCM while governance and standard operating procedure did not. The BMOIF significantly predicted CCM (F(5, 297)=194.64, R=.88); accounting for 76.6% of its variance. Usage of interoperable communication (β=.49) and technology (β=.27) had relative significant contributions to CCM while governance, standard operating procedure and training had none. The BME indices had relative significant contributions to CCM as follows: programme timing (β=.71), programme content (β=-.58) and audience reach (β=.35) while language, news coverage area, frequency of programme and reception had none. About 62.0% of Lagos State respondents indicated Television Continental as the most effective broadcast station that disseminated programmes that promote CCM and 59.8% indicated Splash FM in Oyo State. The challenges affecting broadcast media interoperability were: incessant power failure ( x ̅=3.21), telecommunication network failure (x ̅ =3.17), inadequate funding ( x ̅ =3.17), inadequate protection of journalists ( x ̅ =3.09) and old communication equipment (x ̅ =3.05). Although there were perceived advantages of interoperability in terms of easy interpersonal communication, online streaming of news; yet there was inadequacy of training opportunities. Usage of interoperable communication and technology positively influenced the management of communal conflicts in Oyo and Lagos states. There is a need to improve their usage to enhance the use of broadcast media organisations in communal conflict management. 1 results 1
- Conflict Management 1 results 1
- Conflict management strategies . 1 results 1
- Conflict management, 1 results 1
- Farmer-herder conflict is one of the most prevalent violent occurrences in West Africa with attendant social cost, which include livelihood and socio-relational consequences. There have been frequent farmer-herder conflicts in Nigeria, which have resulted inmassive destruction of lives and property. Most studies on farmer-herder conflicts have focused mainly on causes, damages and casualties, with little attention paid to the social cost. This study, therefore, examined the effects of the conflicts on farmer andherder livelihoods, family structure and their symbiotic relationship, as well as the management structure employed to curtail farmer-herder conflicts in Iseyin, Oyo State. Group Conflict Theory was adopted as framework while the exploratory design was employed. Purposive sampling technique was used to select communities that experienced incessant farmer-herder conflicts at Iseyin. Snowball sampling technique was used to select the farmer and herder respondents. Two key informant interviews were conducted with leaders of farmers and herders. Sixty in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 farmers and 30 herders selected at Seraphim (6 farmers, 6 herders), Baale-sagbo (4 farmers, 5 herders), Awaye (6 farmers, 6 herders), Aba-paanu (5 farmers, 5 herders), Olugbade (4 farmers, 5 herders), Sangote (2 farmers, 2 herders) and Alagbe (3 farmers, 3 herders). Data were content-analysed. The prevalence of farmer-herder conflicts had adversely affected four principal elements of farmer and herder livelihood − security, income, health and education. Farmers and herders lived in constant fear of attack and destruction of lives and property. Also, farmers had witnessed significant decrease in farm produce because of the incessant destruction of farms; and herders lost herds due to retaliatory rustling and poisoning. There was a reduction in the income of farmers and herders owing to low output. Loss of income resulted in farmers’ failure to repay loans. Farmers accessed community healthcare, but herders had limited access to health facilities. The children of farmers and herders experienced disruption of their education as a result of their parents’ inability to pay the required fees. The families of both farmers and herders lost male breadwinners and family members, and made unplanned relocation to other communities. Prior to remarriage, farmers’ widows assumed the roles of family heads but the widows of herders were integrated into the extended family structure. Farmer-herder conflicts had made the symbiotic relationship of farmers and herders to degenerate into inter-community mistrust and discouragement of inter-communal marriages. It had also truncated intercommunity business relations. The conflict management strategies adopted by the herders and farmers included reporting incidence of conflict to group leaders and the police. That, in some instances, led to the compensation of aggrieved parties. The social cost of the conflicts between farmers and herders in Iseyin had a debilitating impact on their livelihoods and inter-group relations. Reports to group leaders and state authorities had brought about some compensation and peace to the communities. Farmers and herders should adopt conciliatory strategies to manage disagreements in peace and conflict periods. 1 results 1
- Farmer-herder conflicts in Iseyin 1 results 1
- Farmers 1 results 1
- Forest policy, 1 results 1
- Gender involvement, 1 results 1
- Herdsmen 1 results 1
- Herdsmen and farmers conflict have become one of the major sources of insecurity and violence in Nigeria. This phenomenon has become widespread as virtually all the parts of the country is experiencing it, though in varying intensity. This paper assessed the approaches adopted in the management of the disenabling and destructive conflict by both the state and non-state actors in Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Data were collected fforn both primary and secondary sources. The United Nations Guiding Principles in Business and Human Rights was used as a tool of assessment. Findings revealed that the Bayelsa State government's management approach, which was deficient in terms of local ownership was less effective while the Bayelsa State Conflict Management Alliance approach, an initiative of the civil society, succeeded a great deal in reducing the conflict and restoring peaceful coexistence between the herdsmen and the farmers. This study established that the Bayelsa State Conflict Management Alliance approach succeeded due to its employment of the United Nations principles as its fulcrum. Consequently, this paper argued for the need for conflict interveners to involve the local people, as advocated in the United Nations Guiding Principles in Business and Human Rights, in their engagements in conflict. 1 results 1
- Humanitarian NGOs 1 results 1
- In Nigeria, relevant sections of the 1999 Constitution prescribe ways to manage inter-group relationships and contentious issues among constituent parts within the realm. However, the constitution is not definitive in specifying statuses of indigenes and/or settlers, thereby opening those sections on ‘indigeneity’ to misrepresentation and abuse, occasioning communal crisis in Jos since 2001. Drawing heavily on sociological and political perspectives, extant literature on indigene-settler has focused on the causes and management of the Jos crisis neglecting the dysfunctional structural template embedded in the Constitution. This study, therefore, assessed the contradictory nature of the provisions of the 1999 Constitution regarding indigene-settler relationship, how it has exacerbated the crisis in Jos and the effectiveness of constitutional provisions in quelling the crisis. The study adopted Strauss and Corbin’s grounded approach and the qualitative research design. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Key informants interviews were conducted with seven members of the Constitution Review Committee drawn from the National Assembly, five members representing Plateau State at the National Assembly, four constitutional lawyers and12 leaders from the major ethnic group associations resident in Jos. Furthermore, two respondents drawn from Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) and two naturalised citizens resident in the city were also interviewed. Other primary sources include the 1999 Constitution and key judicial decisions. Secondary sources were newspapers and newsmagazines. Data obtained were content analysed. The gaps in, and contradictory nature of sections 14 (3), 25 (1), 45-46 and 147 (3) on the status of indigene-settler in the 1999 Constitution is the base of the myriads of crises plaguing Jos since 2001. Specifically, the provisions of sections 14 (3) and 147 (3) neither envisaged the gravity and complexity of the crisis elicited by a convoluted indigene-settler relationship in Jos nor the far-reaching implications for safeguarding citizenship and fundamental human rights in Nigeria. The cases of Festus Okoye & ors v. FGN & ors, (2004) and Anizaku & ors v. Nasarawa State Governor & ors (2010) failed to get judicial definition for indigeneship and deterred governments from using the indigene-settler dichotomy as basis for assessing socio-economic and political opportunities like education and employment. These stoked renewed crises in Jos in 2004 and 2010 respectively. Contradictory administrative, political and military responses further exacerbated the crisis. The inability of successive governments to implement the recommendations of the various judicial commissions of inquiry continues to fan discord between and amongst groups in the city. Interviews revealed that the deployment of these constitutional provisions such as the issuance of letter of indigeneship to certain categories of Jos residents aggravated the crisis. Interviewees also clamoured for amendment to Chapters 2, 3 and 4 of the 1999 Constitution in order to eradicate ambiguities, make relevant provisions justiciable, and enhance the overall quality of citizenship. The 1999 Constitution is inadequate for the effective management of indigene-settler crisis in Jos.It should, therefore,be amended to remedy the legal and constitutional limitations militating the search for a lasting solution to the vexed indigene-settler issue in Nigeria. 1 results 1
- Indigene-settler crisis in Jos 1 results 1
- Joint-problem solving 1 results 1
- Land degradation 1 results 1
- Legal and illegal mining 1 results 1
- Military peacekeepers 1 results 1
- Nigeria experienced a civil war between 1967 and 1970 which claimed millions of lives on the Federal and Biafran sides. Studies exist on trend, execution and termination of the war but the pre-war and war time conflict management strategies have not been fully explored. This study therefore, examined the strengths and weaknesses of the various management strategies adopted by the conflict parties prior to the outbreak of hostilities as well as those employed during the war with a few to identifying lessons derived from the management strategies. The study adopted a qualitative approach, utilising a combination of descriptive and case study research designs. Data were obtained from primary and secondary sources. A total of six in-dept interviews were conducted with surviving war-time key actors and stakeholders from the Federal and Biafran sides. Two Focus Group Discussions were held in Enugu and Kaduna with war veterans. Archival materials were also consulted. Secondary data were collected from war-time memoirs, minutes of the Aburi accord, decrees, edicts and newspaper publications. A combination of content and descriptive mode of data analysis was employed. A mix of joint-problem solving and third party intervention strategies such as conciliation and mediation were adopted before the war commenced. The failure of these strategies to transform the conflict accounted for the optional strategy of confrontation and strategic withdrawal as the last resort. The leaders and parties to the conflict did not adopt compromise, cooperation and avoidance, but opted for competition as an alternative to joint problem solving. The inability to strike a balance between the cooperative and competitive orientation by the Biafran leader was fundamental to the failure of local and international concerted efforts to transform the conflict peacefully. This attitude made the 30 months war not only inevitable, but also unduly prolonged with devastating impact on both human and material resources. These were further complicated by the disposition of some of the mediators which created distrust between the disputing parties. The lessons from the conflict management strategies of the war are that the parties to the conflict were invariable not very experienced in understanding that the cost of war is enormous and more devastating than peace, which creates room for accommodation and joint problem solving. Also, strategic scenario analysis should include best, middle and worst case scenarios before making violent confrontation an option in any conflict. The pre-war and war-time conflict management strategies of the Nigerian civil war failed to achieve the desired result mainly because of the attitude and disposition of parties to the conflict. Leaders, therefore, need to be skilled in conflict management while dealing with intractable conflicts, so as to prevent its escalation. Efforts at peaceful management of conflicts should include compromise, accommodation, open-mindedness, trust and respect for human dignity. 1 results 1
- Nigerian broadcast media organisations 1 results 1
- Nigerian civil war 1 results 1
- Organisational interoperability factors 1 results 1
- Sand Mining (SM) is the extraction of sand aggregate from land surface and water bodies. Globally, sand is a critical resource for construction purposes. In Nigeria, SM is a process that degenerates into land degradation and conflict involving a network of people and structures. Extant studies have focused more on sand extraction and environmental degradation than its associated structures and conflicts. This study, therefore, examined land degradation and conflict management due to SM, with a view to determining the extent of SM, the structural organisations involved, livelihood implications of resultant land degradation, the networks of associated conflict and the conflict management mechanisms in Evbuobanosa Dukedom, Edo State, Nigeria. Theory of Ecological Marxism guided the study, while the exploratory design was adopted. Qualitative data were purposively collected from Abudu, Evbuobanosa and Iru communities. Secondary data were sourced from the records of Federal Ministry of Mines and Steel, Benin-city office. Key Informant Interviews were conducted with 10 community leaders, six youth leaders, four pit owners and four environmental management experts. In-depth interviews were conducted with 40 sand miners, four SM association leaders, six tipper drivers, 18 farmers and eight fishermen. Eighteen Focus Group Discussion sessions were held with sand miners (9), farmers (4) and community members (5). Two case studies were also conducted with sand miners. Data were content-analysed. Sand was mined extensively, legally and illegally. Most mining sites (81.4%) were illegal with depth of 1-3 meters, each covering about 1011m2 and mined until stopped by regulators. Illegal miners thereafter, moved elsewhere to continue mining. Legal mines had depths ranging from 25-34 meters covering between 1011m2-32,374m2 and could reach down to the water table. The structural organisation of SM included the positional elites: community elders and legal miners, and artisanal working-class, illegal miners, mine workers, tipper loaders and drivers. Legal miners had renewable five-year mining permits. Site operations were largely mechanised and performed by three principal workers: manager, cashier and machine operators under close monitoring of legal miners to forestall fraud. Illegal mining was executed manually, on land and in water with slightly differing structures. On land, sand scouts/encroachers, loaders and drivers were involved, while diver-excavator, jerker (sand shoveler from canoe to beach), tipper drivers and loaders were involved in water excavation. Sand mining exacerbated flooding and induced landslides with devastating impact on the farmers. The SM drove aquatic lives out of the reach of fishermen. Legal and illegal miners clashed over sites and with indigenes. The conflict networks included guilds, kins, and fraternities: Asigidi, Osokpikan, Ogboni, Vikings, Black Axe, and Eiye among other fraternities. Conflict management mechanisms included negotiation and appeasement between parties. Unresolved cases were referred to the elders’ council, Ogwedion, where defaulting parties were sanctioned with traditional fines: Odegbeˋn’ekpetin. Sand mining in Evbuobanosa, Edo State is structured on positional elite-artisanal working class relational-platform, accommodated by traditional arrangements and legal-rational permits. Its conflict management mechanisms were based on traditional institutions. Government needs to implement sustainable mining regulations to minimise land degradation. 1 results 1
- Sand mining 1 results 1
- Social cost of conflicts 1 results 1
- see all…