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The development of a mobile application to enhance fetal radiation dose monitoring among pregnant Radiographers
Published 2024Subjects: “…Pregnant Radiographer…”
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Understanding barriers for pregnant women, especially those who might be HIV positive, to deliver at a clinic : a research case of Kuajok Health Care Clinic in Gogrial West County... by Shamamba-Kinyungu, Leonardo
Published 2013Subjects: “…Pregnant women -- Services for -- South Sudan -- Warrap State…”
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Pregnant women 10 results 10
- Nigeria 9 results 9
- Pregnant Women 5 results 5
- Ibadan 3 results 3
- pregnant women 3 results 3
- Antenatal care 2 results 2
- Asymptomatic bacteriuria 2 results 2
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- The prognostic significance of asymptomatic bacteriuria resides in the observation that the prevalence is, relatively, high in persons with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and pregnancy. This prevalence might, even, be higher in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Hence, this study set out to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among symptom free and newly enrolled HIV infected pregnant women attending PMTCT unit of Antiretroviral Clinic of University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria between 1st May and 30th September 2007. Information was obtained on the socio-demographic characteristics of the subjects, CD4 count and viral load. Microbial culture was carried out on aseptically collected urines from the patients. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS 12 package. There were 161 analyzable samples from the participants. The mean age and gestational age at presentation of participants was 30.49 ± 4.3 years and 27.3 ± 3.2 weeks, respectively with modal parity of 2. Twenty-five (15.5%) of the urine samples significantly grew bacteria. The CD4 cells were significantly lower and the viral loads significantly higher (250.52 vs. 355.57 cells/mm3; 88,731 vs. 55,384 copies/ml; p = <0.0000) for the urine culture positive patients. Eshcherichia coli were isolated in 48%, Proteus in 16.0%, Klebsiella in 8.0% and Staphylococcus aureus in 28.0% of the urine positive cultures. The study showed that the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among PLWHAs is high. The microbial isolate from the urine samples were not different from those of HIV-negative patients. 2 results 2
- "Evidence Based Medicine 1 results 1
- A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 991 pregnant and 674 non-pregnant women of reproductive age attending healthcare facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ), and WHO self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of psychiatric morbidity at p <0.05. A significantly higher proportion of pregnant women experienced psychological distress on the GHQ (51.8%) and psychiatric morbidity on SRQ (33.3%) compared with 28.6% and 18.2% of non-pregnant women, respectively. Predictors of psychiatric morbidity among pregnant women were the type of facility, poor satisfaction and communication with partners, the experience of violence in the home, previous abortions, and previous history of depression. Psychiatric morbidity among non-pregnant women was predicted by younger age, previous history of depression, poor satisfaction and communication with partners. There is a need for early identification of psychiatric morbidity among women of reproductive age, to ensure early interventions and prevent long-term disability. 1 results 1
- A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 991 pregnant and 674 non-pregnant women of reproductive age attending healthcare facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ), and WHO self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of psychiatric morbidity at p<0.05. A significantly higher proportion of pregnant women experienced psychological distress on the GHQ (51.8%) and psychiatric morbidity on SRQ (33.3%) compared with 28.6% and 18.2% of non-pregnant women, respectively. Predictors of psychiatric morbidity among pregnant women were the type of facility, poor satisfaction and communication with partners, the experience of violence in the home, previous abortions, and previous history of depression. Psychiatric morbidity among non-pregnant women was predicted by younger age, previous history of depression, poor satisfaction and communication with partners. There is a need for early identification of psychiatric morbidity among women of reproductive age, to ensure early interventions and prevent long-term disability. 1 results 1
- ANC 1 results 1
- Abattoir records 1 results 1
- Adherence 1 results 1
- Analgesia 1 results 1
- Ante-Natal 1 results 1
- Antenatal 1 results 1
- Antenatal/pregnant women 1 results 1
- Anthropometry status 1 results 1
- As a result of inadequate veterinary services and indiscriminate slaughter of animals inmost Nigerian abattoirs, pregnant animals are often slaughtered resulting in wastage of scarce protein made available to the people. To this end, an evaluation of the volume of pregnant cows slaughtered at some abattoirs in Southwestern Nigeria between 2005 and 2007 based on meat inspection records was carried out with a view to determining the level of fetal wastage in this part of the country. A total of 321,448 cows were slaughtered, out of which, 16,092 (5.01%) were pregnant. The fetal wastages across the four seasons of the study period were statistically significant (P<0.05); the late dry season showing the highest percentage. There was a downward trend across the years, and this was considerably lower in 2007 than the other 2 years which were not statistically different from each other (XA2005=224.33; XA2006=216.38; XB2007=126.38). Our results indicated a considerable level of slaughtering of pregnant cows in the abattoirs studied. Hence, we advocate stepping up routine veterinary checks and interventions among trade animals in order to salvage the high level of fetal wastage in the region and the country at large. 1 results 1
- Background: Adiponectin is a hormone produced mainly by adipocytes. The levels of adiponectin are inversely related to insulin resistance, hypertension and obesity. Physiological insulin resistance is exaggerated in pre-eclamptic women. The objective of the present study was therefore to compare serum adiponectin levels in pre-eclamptic patients and normotensive patients. Methods: This prospective study was conducted among one hundred and twenty women. Purposive sampling technique was used to select all consenting participants, consisting of sixty pre-eclamptic patients as cases and sixty normotensive pregnant women at comparable gestational age as control. Concentration of serum adiponectin was measured by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results: Serum levels of adiponectin were significantly higher in the pre- eclamptic group(p<0.001). Body mass index was also significantly higher in women with pre eclampsia (p<0.01).In the pre-eclamptic patients, serum levels of adiponectin showed a weak negative correlation with BMI (r= -0.16, p= 0.22) and no correlation was found in normotensive patients. Conclusion: This study showed a clear distinction in the serum adiponectin concentration between preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women. The impact of BMI on serum adiponectin in both groups also differs. Therefore, serum adiponectin may be useful in predicting pre-eclampsia. 1 results 1
- Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health challenge with over 360 million people infected worldwide, and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg) is the most important marker for HBV screening, and HBSAg rapid screening test methods are the most widely used compared with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nucleic acid testing methods. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the comparative efficacy of rapid test kits and ELISA for HBV screening among pregnant women on antenatal visits and to screen for other HBV serological markers among HBsAg positive patients. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study of 172 pregnant women who were recruited consecutively on their first antenatal visit at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria between November 2018 and February 2019. All participants were screened for HBsAg using both rapid immunochromatographic test (ICT) and ELISA techniques. HBsAg negative samples were further screened for anti-HBeAg/Ab, anti-HBcAg and anti-HBs by ELISA. Socio-demographic data of the participants were obtained using a semi-structured questionnaire, and data were analyzed using EPI INFO 7.2 statistical software. Results: The prevalence rate of HBsAg among pregnant women in this study was 10.5% (18/172). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and the negative predictive value (NPV) of the rapid ICT kit were 72.2%, 97.4%, 94.8%, 76.5% and 96.8% respectively. Level of education, previous history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and previous positive HBV results were significantly associated with HBsAg seropositivity. Majority of the pregnant women (66.9%) tested negative to all the serological markers. Conclusion: The low efficacy of rapid ICT kits compared to ELISA justifies the need to develop a safer antenatal screening strategy for HBV by combining the use of the less sensitive rapid screening techniques with the more sensitive ELISA method to limit vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus. 1 results 1
- Background: Opt out strategy was designed to improve uptake of HIV testing and counselling (HTC) services but only a fifth of the population utilise this service in Nigeria. This study was conducted to determine perception about the opt out strategy for HIV screening among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a secondary health facility in Ibadan, Nigeria where the opt out strategy was used for HIV screening. Methodology: Cross sectional study was conducted and systematic random sampling was used to recruit 500 pregnant women. Data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, general knowledge about HIV transmission, assessment of HIV screening services in the hospital and attitude towards HIV screening was obtained. Results: Mean age of respondents was 27.4 (SD±6.1) years, 86.8% were married and 79.2% had at least secondary school education. Overall, 69.2% had good knowledge about routes of HIV transmission. More than 90% reported that information received during the HTC session was understood. Only 41.8% reported adequate privacy during screening process while 20.4% felt they were forced to participate. Positive attitude towards HTC was seen in 72.0%. Higher education was associated with better knowledge of routes of HIV transmission (OR=3.8; 95%CI= -4.3-3.3) Being married or cohabiting with a partner (OR=3.7; 95% CI=16.8-0.8), having more than one sexual partner (OR=3.3; 95%CI=-3.7-2.97) and being HIV negative (OR=3.9; 95%CI=39.0-0.39) was associated with a positive attitude towards HIV screening. Conclusion: Inadequate privacy and patient's voluntariness were major complaints about opt out strategy for HTC. Improving privacy and stressing that screening is optional may improve general uptake of HTC when using the opt out strategy. 1 results 1
- Background: Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programme was designed to reduce mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV and it has been shown to be effective. However, the uptake of the services is still very low in Nigeria. Objective : This study was designed to determine how acceptable the different services of PMTCT are to pregnant women in Ibadan, Nigeria. Method : Systematic random sampling was used to recruit 500 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a secondary health facility. Questionnaires were used to obtain data regarding socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge about MTCT of HIV and prevention, the awareness and attitude towards infant feeding options for HIV positive mothers. Data were analysed using student’s t test and Chi-square test with p set at 0.05. Results: Mean age of respondents was 27.4±6.1years. Most known routes of MTCT of HIV were during pregnancy (86.0%) and from breastfeeding (86.0%). More than 80% knew that having good antenatal care, appropriate supervised delivery, taking antiretroviral drugs and not breast feeding a baby are ways of PMTCT. About two thirds had a positive attitude towards HIV testing and counseling (HTC). Only 18.4% were aware of the exclusive breast feeding option for feeding infants of HIV positive mothers while 52.2% would not comply if asked not to breast feed. Women aged 35 years and above had better attitude towards non breast feeding. Conclusion : Intensified health education on the importance of HTC and promotion of exclusive breast feeding for infants of HIV positive mothers is recommended. 1 results 1
- Background: The benefits of early and frequent antenatal care visits include early prevention, detection, treatment of potential pregnancy complications and the reduction of maternal mortality related to these complications. Despite these benefits being explained to them, the majority of pregnant women in developing countries, including Nigeria, do not adhere to antenatal care, as they do not attend the recommended number of antenatal care appointments. Previous research has shown that urban women (84%) are more likely than rural women (56%) to receive antenatal care from a skilled provider. This study examined adherence to antenatal care among rural pregnant women in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using multistage sampling to select 600 pregnant women from rural areas of Lagos. A self-structured questionnaire was used to collect participants' sociodemographic data, knowledge of antenatal care, and adherence to antenatal care. Data were analysed and presented using descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-square tests were used to assess the association between adherence to antenatal care and knowledge about antenatal care, and logistic regression was used to test the association between participants' characteristics and adherence to antenatal care, with P<0.05 being considered significant. Results: Participants were between 15 and 49 years old and 96.2% were married. The majority of participants had poor knowledge of antenatal care (57.1%), and low adherence to antenatal care (71.7%). However, 73.9% had the overall perception that there were benefits to attending antenatal care. No significant relationship was found between participants' knowledge of and adherence to antenatal care (P=0.32). Occupation was significantly associated with adherence to antenatal care (P=0.03). The majority (54.4%) indicated that perceived barriers are the major cause of non-adherence to antenatal care. Conclusions: Addressing perceived barriers to antenatal care attendance should increase adherence to antenatal care, especially in rural areas of Lagos. 1 results 1
- Background: The elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Nigeria, especially among pregnant women requires commitment from the government and health policy makers. This is predicated on comprehensive surveillance and epidemiological data. The objective of the current study is to provide the epidemiological data and unique perspectives that will inform accurate advocacy and influence policy decisions. Materials and Methods: A 4-year cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,428 consecutively recruited consenting pregnant women attending antenatal care at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Venous blood was screened for HBsAg using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). HBsAg sero-negative samples were further tested for other HBV serological markers (anti-HBc, HBeAg and anti-HBe by ELISA. Socio-demographic and clinical details were obtained using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Overall HBsAg prevalence was 5.1% (2,305/2,482). Twenty three (1%) of the HBsAg sero-negative women tested positive to both anti-HBc and anti-HBe while 5.3% and 0.8% tested positive to only anti-HBc and anti-HBe, respectively. Additionally, 6.4% (38/594) of the HBV fully vaccinated pregnant women tested positive to HBsAg. Conclusion: Hepatitis B is endemic among Nigerian pregnant women. Serological patterns indicated possible occult hepatitis B infection. More political commitment from government and policy makers is urgently required. 1 results 1
- Background: The goal of birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) is to minimize delays in seeking care, facilitate the attendance of skilled professionals during birth, and promote facility deliveries. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of BPCR among women in the postpartum ward of the Edwards Francis Small Teaching Hospital (EFSTH) in The Gambia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the EFSTH, the only teaching hospital and tertiary care centre in the Gambia. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire from 267 consenting parturients. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 29. Results: The mean age of the participants was 28.6±6.7 years. Of the 220(82.4%) participants who were aware of birth preparedness, 181(67.8%) had a good understanding while one-third, 97(36.3%), demonstrated good knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy. For antenatal care, 117(43.8%), registered during the first trimester, and 219(82%) attended at least four antenatal visits while 168(62.9%) said they had eventful pregnancies. About three-fifths of the participants, 160(59.9%), were adequately prepared for birth and possible challenges although 119(44.6%) made arrangements for the baby's essentials and 201(75.3%) made adequate arrangements for transportation. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between education level (p=0.01) as well as income (p=0.007) and BPCR. Additionally, gestational age at booking and attendance of skilled personnel during antenatal care (ANC) were significantly associated with knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy (p=0.017 and p=0.015, respectively). Conclusion: Despite meeting the BPCR indicators to some extent based on WHO standards, this study demonstrated existence of gaps in the knowledge and practice of BPCR among pregnant women. Furthermore, socio-economic factors, maternal knowledge, and health services were found to influence BPCR practices. It is therefore important to enhance awareness campaigns, improve pregnant women's understanding of benefits of BPCR, and encourage their partners to adopt shared decision-making options for obstetric services 1 results 1
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