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PERFORMANCE OF GRAZING N�DAMA SUPPLEMENTED WITH OIL PALM SLURRY � BASED DIETS
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- cyclophosphamide 6 results 6
- gallic acid 6 results 6
- oxidative stress 6 results 6
- Antioxidant 5 results 5
- Anaemia 2 results 2
- Broiler 2 results 2
- Ficus mucoso 2 results 2
- Haematopan B12® 2 results 2
- Rabbits 2 results 2
- Senna occidentalis 2 results 2
- antioxidant 2 results 2
- hepatotoxicity 2 results 2
- neurotoxicity 2 results 2
- phytochemical 2 results 2
- reproductive toxicity 2 results 2
- "The anti-inflammatory effect of dexamethasone on the irradiated kidneys of adult Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) was studied. Eighteen adult Wistar rats were, after acclimatization, randomly divided into 3 groups of 6 animals per group. The control group had normal saline, receiving neither drugs nor radiation. The second group received normal saline and radiation. The third group received pretreatment with dexamethasone at 1mg/kg body weight/day for 2 days followed by radiation. Radiation was delivered to the animals as a single fraction of 2.5 Gy of gamma rays from Cobalt-60 source, using an AECL Theatron 780-C Teletherapy machine. After exposure to the different interventions, the animals were sacrificed on the 14th post-irradiation day and the kidneys dissected out from each animal. The renal tissues were subjected to histological processing, and then studied using an eyepiece objective ruler calibrated with a 2mm stage micrometer for histomorphometric studies. The result of the study showed that all irradiated animals suffered weight loss by the 14th day post-irradiation (p<0.05) irrespective of the additional treatment with dexamethasone and this was statistically significant. Histomorphometry showed that the maximum width of the glomerular capsule was significantly greater in the radiation groups than in the control at p<0.05. The maximal glomerular diameter was significantly greater in irradiated animals compared with the control animals at p<0.05. The outcome of this study showed that the intraperitoneal administration of dexamethasone at 1mg/kg body weight/day for 2 days prior to treatment with irradiation did not prevent weight loss nor ameliorate the swelling of the nephrons resulting from the effect of radiation injury to the Wistar rat." 1 results 1
- 4- acetyl benzylisothiocyanate-O –α-L rhamnopyranoside 1 results 1
- A 49-day feeding trial involving 180 1-day-old Abhor acre broilers was carried out to evaluate growth and carcass quality of broilers fed cassava leaf meal and cassava peel meals used as replacements of soya bean meal and maize at 20% respectively. Four groups of 45 birds per group of 15 birds per replicate consisting of three replicates per group. Group A served as control (cassava leaf meal (0%) and peelings meal (0%)), Group B (20% cassava peelings -20% leaf meal), C (20% leaf meal -0% cassava peelings) and group D (20% cassava peelings-0% cassava peelings). The cut parts of the carcass showed superior values (p<0.05) in the A (control) treatment and they differed significantly (p<0.05) from broilers on to the group on B (20 % cassava peelings-20 % leaf meal), C (20% leaf meal-0% cassava peelings), D (20% cassava peelings-0% cassava peelings). On the 49th day, the breast muscles of 36 birds were analysed for dry matter, proteins, fat and ash. The organoleptic values were not significantly influenced by the juiciness, taste, colour and overall acceptability among the dietary treatment levels. Up to 20% inclusion of cassava leaf meal and 20% cassava peelings as replacement for soya bean meal and maize respectively in both broiler starter and finisher, diets did not significantly affect growth and carcass yield of broilers. 1 results 1
- A total of 20 domestic rabbits divided into 4 groups of 5 animals per group were used in this study to assess the haematinic potencies of the aqueous crude extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis and this was then compared with that of a proprietary haematinic, Haematopan B12®. Group A animals (control) were not bled but those in groups B, C and D were bled to induce anaemia. Group B animals were treated with Haematopan B12®, a commercially prepared haematinic, and groups C and D were treated with the aqueous crude extracts of Senna occidentalis (Linn) Link and Ficus mucoso Welw. ex Ficalho respectively. The post-haemorrhage treatment haematologic values were obtained at given intervals (7 days) and compared with the pre-haemorrhagic values earlier obtained. The study showed that all the experimental animals showed accelerated recovery since these animals had excellent response in terms of white blood cell (WBC) and its differentials, red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Thus the extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis have comparative haematinic potencies as Haematopan B12® 1 results 1
- A total of 20 domestic rabbits divided into 4 groups of 5 animals per group were used in this study to assess the haematinic potencies of the aqueous crude extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis and this was then compared with that of a proprietary haematinic, Haematopan B12®. Group A animals (control) were not bled but those in groups B, C and D were bled to induce anaemia. Group B animals were treated with Haematopan B12®, a commercially prepared haematinic, and groups C and D were treated with the aqueous crude extracts of Senna occidentalis (Linn) Link and Ficus mucoso Welw. ex Ficalho respectively. The post-haemorrhage treatment haematologic values were obtained at given intervals (7 days) and compared with the pre-haemorrhagic values earlier obtained. The study showed that all the experimental animals showed accelerated recovery since these animals had excellent response in terms of white blood cell (WBC) and its differentials, red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Thus the extracts of Ficus mucoso and Senna occidentalis have comparative haematinic potencies as Haematopan B12®. 1 results 1
- Adenopus breviflorus 1 results 1
- Adenopus breviflorus is a perennial climber used locally as an anti-convulsant, sedative and pain-killer in West Africa. Several studies have reported gastrointestinal, reproductive and anti-microbial effects of extracts of Adenopus breviflorus, but there is dearth of information on its neurological effect. This study was therefore designed to investigate effect of Ethanol Extract of Adenopus breviflorus (EEAB) on central nervous system in mice. Three hundred gram of air-dried Adenopus breviflorus fruits were cold macerated in 70% ethanol and concentrated using rotary evaporator. One hundred and ninety-two Swiss male albino mice (20-25 g) were divided into control (distilled water), EEAB-treated (62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg, p.o.) and diazepam-treated (2.0 mg/kg) groups (8 per group) for neurobehavioural studies; fifty-six mice(20-25 g) (8 per group) were used to evaluate mechanisms of action using different antagonists (0.5 mg/kg atropine, 0.5 mg/kg cyproheptadine, 0.2 mg/kg haloperidol, 2.0 mg/kg naloxone, 0.2 mg/kg propranolol and 1.0 mg/kg yohimbine). Sixty-four mice (20-25 g) were divided into control and EEAB-treated groups (62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg, p.o.) (8 per group) for Y-maize test. One hundred and sixty mice (20-25 g) (8 per group) were divided into control and EEAB-treated groups (250, 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg, p.o.) for analgesic study; 32 mice (8 per group) were used to evaluate mechanism of action using naloxone (2 mg/kg). Neurobehavioural studies were carried out using novelty-induced rearing, grooming and locomotor activity in open-field. Head dips rate was determined using hole-board. Effect on memory was performed using Y-maze test. Analgesic activity was carried out using hot plate, tail immersion, formalin and acetic acid-induced writhing tests. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at p=0.05. The EEAB (250-2000 mg/kg) significantly decreased rearing (86.6+2.1, 84.6+2.7, 62.8+2.4, 23.6+2.8, relative to control 131.2+2.9). Diazepam also significantly decreased rearing (11.0+2.6 relative to control 131.2+2.9). The EEAB (62.5-2000 mg/kg) significantly decreased grooming, locomotor activity and head dips relative to controls (32.8-8.0 versus 36.2+2.6, 77.8-29.8 versus 121.0+3.4 and 15.0-6.8 versus 32.6+1.8 respectively). Diazepam also significantly decreased grooming, locomotor activity and head dips relative to controls (14.4+1.7 versus 36.2+2.6, 49.6+1.3 versus 121.0+3.4 and 6.2+1.1 versus 32.6+1.8 respectively). Three antagonists (2 mg/kg naloxone, 0.2 mg/kg propranolol, 1.0 mg/kg yohimbine) reversed effect of EEAB (2000 mg/kg) on rearing relative to controls (112.4+2.9 versus 131.2+2.9, 113.8+2.8 versus 131.2+2.7 and 110.4+1.3 versus 131.2+2.7 respectively). The EEAB (62.5-2000 mg/kg) significantly increased memory (65.4+1.8, 66.0+2.9, 66.6+1.6, 68.4+2.3, 74.2+2.1, 77.6+2.9 relative to control 58.2+2.7). The EEAB (250-2000 mg/kg) significantly increased reaction time (min) to thermal stimulus of hot plate (2.2+0.2, 2.8+0.4, 2.80+0.4, 3.6+0.3 relative to control 1.0+0.0) and hot water (2.8+0.3, 2.8+0.3, 3.4+0.4, 20.0+0.1 relative to control 1.0+0.0). The EEAB (250-2000 mg/kg) also significantly reduced acetic acid-induced writhes (33.6+1.1, 15.8+1.1, 13.8+0.9, 4.0+0.5 relative to control 41.4+1.8) and decreased paw-licking time (sec) in formalin-induced neurogenic pain (44.0+2.6, 38.2+2.8, 27.6+2.8, 4.6+0.6 relative to control 76.0+3.7) which were all reversed by naloxone (2 mg/kg). Adenopus breviflorus had central nervous system depressant and analgesic effects which could be mediated via µ-receptor, β and α2- adrenergic receptors. 1 results 1
- Analgesia 1 results 1
- Antifertility 1 results 1
- Antilipase 1 results 1
- Apoptosis 1 results 1
- Atropine 1 results 1
- Background: Gallic acid (GA) is an endogenous plant phenol known to have antioxidant, free radical scavenging ability, anti inflammatory, anti cancer, and anti fungal properties. The aim of this study was to assess the protective effect of GA on cyclophosphamide (CPA) induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods: Sixty rats were grouped into six groups of 10 rats per group. Group 1 received distilled water. Group 2 received CPA at 200 mg/kg single dose intraperitoneally on day 1. Groups 3 and 4 received a single dose of CPA (200 mg/kg) intraperitoneally on day 1 and then were treated with GA at 60 and 120 mg/kg body weight for 14 days, respectively. Rats in Groups 5 and 6 only received GA at 60 and 120 mg/kg body weight for 14 days, respectively. GA was administered orally. Results: CPA induced hepatic damage as indicated by significant elevation (P < 0.05) in aspartate aminotransferase, organ weight, and evidence by the histological study. CPA also induced hepatic oxidative stress as indicated by significant elevation (P < 0.05) in malondialdehyde content, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) generation, nitrite level, and the level of glutathione (GSH) peroxidase crashed in the CPA treated group. GA enhanced the antioxidant defense system as indicated by significant elevation (P < 0.05) in GSH level, catalase activity, and GSH S transferase activity. Conclusions: Taken together, the result of this present study shows that GA has a protective effect on CPA induced hepatotoxicity. 1 results 1
- Background: Gallic acid (GA) is an endogenous plant phenol known to have antioxidant, free radical scavenging ability, anti‑inflammatory, anti‑cancer, and anti‑fungal properties. The aim of this study was to assess the protective effect of GA on cyclophosphamide (CPA)‑induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Methods: Sixty rats were grouped into six groups of 10 rats per group. Group 1 received distilled water. Group 2 received CPA at 200 mg/kg single dose intraperitoneally on day 1. Groups 3 and 4 received a single dose of CPA (200 mg/kg) intraperitoneally on day 1 and then were treated with GA at 60 and 120 mg/kg body weight for 14 days, respectively. Rats in Groups 5 and 6 only received GA at 60 and 120 mg/kg body weight for 14 days, respectively. GA was administered orally. Results: CPA induced hepatic damage as indicated by significant elevation (P < 0.05) in aspartate aminotransferase, organ weight, and evidence by the histological study. CPA also induced hepatic oxidative stress as indicated by significant elevation (P < 0.05) in malondialdehyde content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation, nitrite level, and the level of glutathione (GSH) peroxidase crashed in the CPA‑treated group. GA enhanced the antioxidant defense system as indicated by significant elevation (P < 0.05) in GSH level, catalase activity, and GSH‑S‑transferase activity. Conclusions: Taken together, the result of this present study shows that GA has a protective effect on CPA‑induced hepatotoxicity. 1 results 1
- Biochemical 1 results 1
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