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Aboveground biomass allometric models for a private semi-natural forest in Nigeria
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ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF FISHING AMONG MARINE AND LAGOON ARTISANAL FISHERFOLKS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
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Economic Growth, Income Redistribution and Poverty Reduction in Rural Nigeria
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LEAST-COST RATIGNS FOR BROILERS - A LINEAR PROGRAMMING APFROACH
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- African giant rat 5 results 5
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- Cassava is the fourth most important food crop in developing countries, after rice, maize, and wheat. African giant rats (Cricetomys gambianus), cane rats/grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus), and birds such as bush fowl (Francolinus bicalcaratus), among others, cause considerable damage to cassava crops. The present study was conducted on an existing cassava farm located at Shasha- Ajibode, Akinyele Local Government of Ibadan, Oyo state. Systematic sampling was used to collect quantitative and qualitative damages in the study area. Data were analyzed using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were separated using Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the level of significance of P≤0.05. The results showed that there were evidences of root damage done in plot 1 (21.67%), plot 2 (14.00%), and plot 3 (20.00%) at 14 Weeks After Planting (WAP). Plot 2 had the highest total stem cut percentage (36.36%) while plot 1 and 2 had the same percentage of total stem cut (31.82%). It was revealed that the position of the plots had no significant effect on the damage level caused by the vertebrate pests on cassava roots and stems. It can be inferred that even though the damage level was not significant, attention should be given to managing those rodent populations and damages so that they do not escalate to causing unbearable economic loss. 5 results 5
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- Entrepreneurship Capacity Building 2 results 2
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- Lift Above Poverty Alleviation Programme 2 results 2
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- Poverty reduction 2 results 2
- Rural 2 results 2
- The research examined the impact of microfinance intervention, specifically business and farming loans, on the quality of life of beneficiaries of the Lift Above Poverty Alleviation Programme in Ibadan Metropolis. Utilising a descriptive survey research design, the study included all programme beneficiaries, with a sample size of 200 individuals randomly chosen from four branches of the LAPO bank, including Sango, UI, Ojoo, and Iyana Church. Data collection was done using a 30-item questionnaire measuring the Poverty Alleviation Programmes of Lift Above Poverty Organisation’(PAPLAPOS) Scale (r=.84), which consisted of two subs-scales: Business Loan Scale (r=.83) and Farming Loan Scale (r=.85). The data collected were analysis through the descriptive statistics involving frequency counts, simple percentages, multiple regression, as well as mean and standard deviation. The results of the research indicated that the impact of the microfinance intervention (specifically Business and Farming loans) on the quality of life of the beneficiaries was statistically significant (F (2,148) = 111.425; R2 = .568), explaining 64.3% of the variance. In light of these findings, it is suggested that there is a necessity for microfinance initiatives focusing on enhancing basic and functional literacy to foster the advancement of entrepreneurship, development, and adult education practices in Nigeria. 2 results 2
- This paper examined vulnerability to poverty of households among rural households in South West Nigeria using primary data from a two-wave panel survey (lean versus harvesting periods). Results showed that on the average there is a 0.56 probability of entering poverty a period ahead in the region and relatively high poverty rates were associated with much higher vulnerability while low poverty rates were associated with considerably low vulnerability. Vulnerable households are mostly large sized with high number of dependants and characterized by under aged or old, female headed, widowed household heads. They are mostly engaged in farming as their primary occupation, have no or low educational attainment and are landless. The findings underscore the centrality of social protection policy mechanisms as potent poverty reduction tools and necessary policy interventions to reduce consumption variability through reducing exposure to risk or improving the ex post coping mechanisms of the vulnerable. 2 results 2
- Vulnerability profile 2 results 2
- agroforestry 2 results 2
- land use 2 results 2
- "Crop commercialization by smallholder farmers in Nigeria is virtually non-existent due to a range of constraints, thereby affecting the income status of the farmers. This study investigated the effect of agricultural crop commercialization on household income in Oyo state, Nigeria. Data was collected through the use of questionnaires administered to 203 cassava farmersusing a multistage sampling technique. Data collected included demographic characteristics of respondents, cassava production, sales volume and prices analyses carried out on the data were descriptive statistics, Household Commercialization Index (HCl), ordinary least Square regression and probit regression model. The results reveals that majority of the respondents (84.7%) were male. The average age of the farmers was 45 years while the average household size is 6 members. The results of household commercialization index showed that 97% of the crops by the farmers were commercialized the average household commercialization index was 0.9.Regression analysis of determinants of agricultural commercialization revealed three significant variables, namely:(gender (p<0.0I) (β =0.3808)), education (p<0.0l) (β= 0.0529)) and farm size (p<0.0I)β=0.3751)). Analysis of the effect of commercialization on household income revealed four significant variables, which are gender, education, total cassava produced and farm size. The major constraints to full commercialization as ranked in order of importance to the farmers in the study area are: poor road, credit inaccessibility, unattractive market prices, and transaction bottleneck. These findings demonstrated the' need to strengthen policies that encourage effective integrated marketing information, guaranteed market for farm produce, rehabilitation of rural roads and accessibility to credit, ensuring full commercialization. " 1 results 1
- "Regression model was used to analyse the volume of maize offered to the market for sale. The result of the Tobit model correctly predicted 67% of the observation with a significant chi square of 52.93 and it shows the overall significance of the model. All variables had positive coefficients significantly differ from zero except years of education, transaction cost, marital status and household size. This means that a unit increase in the quantity of these variables will increase the proportion of maize offered for sale by the respondents. The, result of the regression model also showed that R -Square and adjusted R-Square are respectively 5 % and 90% with a significant overall fit. Volume of maize sold by individual respondents was used as the dependent variable. Total maize produced (p<O.01), age (p<0.05), years of education (p<O.10), ownership of cultivating equipments (p<O.OI), access to non farm income (p<0.05), and belonging to farmers' association (p<0.0l ), means of information (p<0.1O), all had a significant and positive relationship with the volume of sales, this' suggests that an increase in any of these variables will lead to an increase in the volume of maize offered for sale while marital status (p<0.05), -and transportation cost (p<0.05), had a negative and significant relationship with the volume of maize sold and this is in line with the a priori expectation. The study recommends that effort should be made at establishing more points of sales in farming areas in order to lower transportatic Costs to promote market participation and youths should be encouraged to participate in agricultural production and consequently market participation so as to inject new blood into the system. " 1 results 1
- A top-bottom approach where local problems are treated in isolation has proven ineffective in achieving sustainable development. The need for inclusive approaches to managing the demand for arable lands, forest resources, and the problems of resource exploitation and climate change calls for local understanding of these elements’ interrelationship. Understanding the interrelationships among climate change, agriculture, and the ecosystems in different agroecological zones in Nigeria was the purpose of this chapter. Deforestation and forest degradation analysis approach was utilized. One state and two forest communities from each of the rainforest, savannah, and mangrove agroecological zones were purposively focused in this chapter based on forest distribution and cover. Focus group discussions involving 252 male and female farmers using 30 years as reference were used to garner relevant information. Climate variation caused a slight modification in cropping schedules of farmers due to prolonged dry season, mainly in the savannah region. Farmers engaged in mixed farming and also cultivate more hardy crops like cassava in response to climate uncertainties. Especially in the mangrove and savannah, ecosystem components such as agriculture and population showed increasing trends over the years as forest cover reduces. Downward trend in charcoal production was limited to mangrove and rainforest zones as fishing and hunting becomes vulnerable livelihoods across the zones. The degree and progression of climate change effects on the ecosystem in Nigeria agroecological zones is largely comparable and have both desirable and adverse livelihood outcomes. Affordable insurance policy, credit, agri-inputs, favorable forest regulatory framework, and youth empowerment supports would enhance sustainable adjustment to climate change. 1 results 1
- Adoption of yield increasing technologies among farming households is one way of reducing poverty and food insecurity. In Nigeria, Root and Tuber Expansion Programme (RTEP) was implemented to develop improved technology of root and tuber crops. However, the impact of RTEP technology on poverty and food security has not been fully established. Therefore, the effect of RTEP technology on poverty and food security status of cassava-farming households in southwestern Nigeria was investigated. Ondo and Ogun states were randomly selected from the six states in southwestern Nigeria. Two RTEP participating and two Non-RTEP participating Local Government Areas (LGAs) were randomly chosen from each state. Three communities were randomly selected from each of the LGAs. In each RTEP community, 30 households were randomly selected (beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries) while 15 households were randomly selected from each Non-RTEP community making 540 respondents. Data were collected on age, gender, Household Size (HS), Land Area Cultivated (LAC), technology adoption, Credit Accessibility (CA), Educational Level (EL), Off-farm Activities Participation (OAP), Cassava Yield (CY), Distance to Input Market (DIM) and Household Consumption Expenditure (HCE) using structured questionnaire. The HCE was used to estimate Poverty Incidence (PI) and Food Insecurity Incidence (FII) while other variables were hypothesized to influence Adoption Level (AL) of RTEP technology. Data were analyzed using propensity score matching, descriptive statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke and Tobit regression model at p = 0.05. There were 387 RTEP and Non-RTEP households with similar characteristics. Age (44.3 ± 10.1 years), HS (6.0 ± 2.0) and LAC (1.0 ± 0.4 hectares) of the beneficiaries were not significantly different from those of the non-beneficiaries. The AL of RTEP technology was 76.01%. Cassava yield of RTEP Beneficiaries (RTEPB) was 14.56 ± 1.27 tons/ha. Gender, OAP, CA and EL significantly increased AL by 13.8%, 15.8%, 4.7% and 17.6% respectively while DIM decreased AL by 1.8%. At poverty and food insecurity lines of ₦34,473.00 and ₦20,132.20 respectively per annum, 55.0% RTEPB were poor while 51.3% were food insecure. The RTEP technology adoption reduced PI of RTEPB by 11.2%. The PI of the male beneficiaries reduced by 12.6% compared with 5.6% for female. The PI of RTEPB with CA reduced by 11.8% compared with 5.2% for those without CA. The PI decreased by 14.1% for RTEPB with OAP while the reduction was 8.2% for those without off-farm activity. The FII decreased by 16.3% with male RTEPB having higher reduction of 17.8% compared with female of 8.0%. The FII of the beneficiaries with CA decreased by 20.9% while the reduction was 9.8% for those without CA. The decrease in FII was 17.45% for RTEPB with OAP compared to 9.4% for those not participating. Root and Tuber Expansion Programme technology alleviated both poverty and food insecurity status of beneficiaries especially among males, those with credit accessibility and off-farm activity participation in southwestern Nigeria. 1 results 1
- Against the background that domestic policies in Nigeria have been linked to an endemic - high, volatile and rising food prices in the country, this paper empirically examined the transmission of key monetary policy variables to domestic food prices in Nigeria. Furthermore, the study employed estimates of policy induced price changes from estimated cointegrating relations between commodity prices and policy variables, and demand elasticities from a system of household demand equations to estimate the associated compensating variation as a measure of the welfare impacts on farm households. The study found that government management of exchange rates and money supplies as well as withdrawal of subsidies from petroleum products have been the main driver of rising food prices in the country. While an average farmer was found to have benefited from the policy induced rising food prices with the mean compensated variation of -3.3% of the household budget, most of the farm households ended up being losers. The gainers were mostly owners of the relatively few large farms (-36.9%) including the commercial livestock farms (-38.9%), rice farm (-35.0%), and fish farms (-27.8%). Smallholders, which constituted about three-quarter of the farm households, lost on the average, about 8.1% of their purchasing power to the rising food prices, with female headed households also loosing 6.6% of their purchasing power. 1 results 1
- Agricultural news and News coverage 1 results 1
- Agriculture a most significant land use types which alter natural ecosystem dynamics. Arable farming exerts much pressure on plant biodiversity, especially when practiced intensively in urban centers. There is dearth of information on floristic changes due to intensive arable farming in urban agroecosystems in developing countries. The study therefore assessed floristic changes resulting from and intensive farming practices at Ajibode-Sasa agricultural landscape. Ajibode-Sasa agroecosystem is a complex mix of arable cropping system between latitude N07°28′, E003°53′ and longitude N07°28′, E003°54. Comparative floristic surveys were conducted in 2016 and 2020 using quadrats (1 m2) systematically laid on 18 Transects ranging from 50 – 250 m long. A total of 224 and 184 quadrats were laid in 2016 and 2020 respectively. Reduction in numbers of quadrats laid resulted from physical anthropogenic development after the 2016 survey. Species identification followed standard procedures, and quantitative occurrence data were collected for determination of species composition and computation of relative importance values (RIV) and diversity indices. Land-use changes over four years period was determined using Google earth and QGIS. Herbacous plant composition with 123 cumulative number of species in both years reduced from 98 species in 2016 to 85 species in 2020 species RIV of species ranged from 0.038 – 14.803. Tridax procumbens had the highest RIV (14.803) in 2016, while it was Acmella brachyglossa (13.248) 2020. Species richness and floral diversity was high with Shannon-Weiner Index (3.081 and 3.088) and Dominance (0.09388 and 0.08746) in 2016 and 2020 respectively. Intensive cultivation favoured introduction and spread of invasive species like Tridax procumbens and Tithonia diversifolia. Eight introduced and invasive species were newly enumerated in 2020, with a total of 38 herbaceous species no longer encountered in 2020. Concerted efforts should be made to conserve native flora on the agroecosystem through sustainable practices like crop rotation and short fallow. 1 results 1
- Agro-ecological zones 1 results 1
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