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Metallophiles as sources of antimycobacterial agents by Nyambo, Kudakwashe
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Trends and determinants of competitiveness in the South African table grape industry by Mtshiselwa, Ziyanda Lwanda
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Agribusiness 1 results 1
- Cointegration 1 results 1
- Distance Education Programme (DEP) was introduced in the 1970s by some Nigerian universities as an alternative mode to the conventional delivery. However, reports have shown that the programme has been bedevilled by low quality learning, unethical practices and mismatch between policy and practice. Previous studies focused on enrolment, retention and analyses of some factors for motivating distance learners with less attention paid to evolution, practices and challenges of the programmes. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the evolution, practices and challenges of the undergraduate DEP in dual-mode federal universities in South-Western Nigeria, 1974-2014. Cognitive Dissonance, Independent Study and Transactional Distance Learning theories provided the framework, while historical and descriptive survey methods were adopted. The DEP of the three accredited dual-mode federal universities in South-Western Nigeria were enumerated, namely University of Lagos Distance Learning Institute (DLI), University of Ibadan Distance Learning Centre (DLC) and the Obafemi Awolowo University Centre for Distance Learning (CDL), Ile-Ife. Primary data included oral interviews with the centre / institute directors and archival materials of the National Universities Commission (NUC) and sampled institutions, while secondary sources included relevant textbooks, journal articles, bulletins, periodicals and unpublished Ph.D theses. Questionnaires were administered to the 77 tutors, 102 administrative staff and 959 distance learning students that were purposively selected based on their experience. Historical and descriptive methods were employed for data analyses The DEP began in 1974 with the establishment of the University of Lagos Correspondence and Open Studies Unit which eventually transmuted to DLI in 1997. The University of Ibadan External Studies Programme later changed to the Centre for External Studies in 1988 and became DLC in 2002, the same year the CDL was established in Ile-Ife. Although the institutions ran DEP on part-time basis between 2002-2009, accreditation of courses by the NUC in 2011 transited the programmes to full-fledged practice. The period 2009-2014 featured improved institutional commitment, better compliance with the NUC guidelines, general increase in enrolment and a reduction of face-to-face interactions. The DLI, DLC and CDL organised orientation programmes for new students and packaged instructions into tablets, but conducted interactive sessions respectively at weekends, week days and two weeks to examinations. The weighted mean across the centres / institute was high against > 2.50 threshold in term of Capacity Development (CD), Learner Support Services (LSS) and Quality Assurance (QA) respectively. The mean values of DLI, DLC and CDL on CD, LSS and QA are (2.98 + 0.75; 2.84 + 0.85; 3.35 + 0.83), (3.10 + 0.75; 2.89 + 0.74; 3.35 + 0.50 and (3.08 + 0.85; 2.92 + 0.87 3.41 + 0.90) respectively. Despite constraints of low internet bandwidths and erratic power supply in the Universities, the undergraduate DEP had transformed from correspondence to a technologically-driven mode. Within the four decades of existence, the undergraduate Distance Education Programmes in dual-mode federal universities in South-Western Nigeria had witnessed better regulatory framework and improved productivity in spite of infrastructural constraints. To enhance better practice of the programmes, all stakeholders should be more committed. 1 results 1
- Dual-mode Federal Universities in Nigeria 1 results 1
- Economic growth 1 results 1
- Farmers in Southwest Nigeria 1 results 1
- Financial development 1 results 1
- Gentrification in Lagos State 1 results 1
- Gentrification, a process of displacement of low-income households and businesses by high-income class, is a disconcerting feature of development in Lagos State. Previous studies on gentrification focused on physical transformations of built environment with little attention paid to its sociological processes. This study, therefore, adopted a sociological approach to investigate the social history, processes, drivers, patterns, costs, adaptive strategies and social relations of gentrification in Lagos State, Nigeria. Gentrification Interpretive Theory provided the framework, while the descriptive research design was adopted. Agege, Alimosho, Oshodi, Eti-Osa, Lagos Mainland and Lagos Island Local Government Areas (LGAs) were purposively selected due to their pervasiveness in gentrification. Primary data were collected using quantitative and qualitative instrumentations, while secondary data were obtained from official documents. Using systematic sampling technique, a total of 894 copies of questionnaire were administered to residents of gentrifying areas based on Cochran’s (1977) formula; 24 In-depth Interviews (four per LGA) were conducted among longtime and new residents, voluntarily displaced landlords and tenants; 24 Key Informant Interviews (four per LGA) were conducted with developers (one per LGA), estate agents (one per LGA), one official of Lagos State Urban Renewal Authority, and another from Lagos State Building Control Agency; six Focus Group Discussions (one per LGA) were held among religious leaders, and six Life Histories (one per LGA) were done among community leaders. The processes and patterns of gentrification were observed through non-participant observation. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-Square and Multiple linear regressions at p≤0.05, while qualitative data were content-analysed. The respondents’ age was 42.41±15.64 years; of whom 62.0% were males and 50.1% earned >N100,000 monthly. Gentrification was traced to the colonial era. It manifested in displacements of low income households and businesses by governments and wealthy individuals through private and government driven processes. The private processes entailed persuasion of poor landlords by gentrifiers through agents, and this was jointly predicted by education, age and income (Adj.R2 = 0.19, F (3, 891) = 73.29). The government-driven processes were characterised by disregard for court injunctions on the legality of occupancy of gentrifying areas. Influx and expansion of businesses (23.6%) and profit-seeking behaviour (34.0%) were generic and specific drivers of gentrification respectively, and these were significantly related to respondents’ income (χ2 =202.42), education (χ2 =237.78) and occupation (χ2 =234.32). While political and criminal gentrifications were new patterns of gentrification in Lagos, homelessness (10.3%) and high cost of living (27.2%) were the social and economic costs. Reliance on family and friends’ networks for support (41.2%) and use of refurbished containers (24.8%) were adaptive strategies adopted by displaced families and businesses. Remaining indigent original occupants of the gentrifying areas felt threatened by the arrival of gentry, causing deep sense of alienation. Gentrification processes adversely influenced social relations between low-income residents who have stayed long and the gentry, with grave implications for sustainable peace and development of urban Lagos. Inclusive social and economic policies that would alleviate poverty and meet housing needs in low-income areas of Lagos State should be formulated 1 results 1
- Information and Communcation Technology 1 results 1
- Interpretive action 1 results 1
- Leadership ideology 1 results 1
- Lexical indices 1 results 1
- Military and Civilian governance 1 results 1
- Mobile Phones 1 results 1
- National Universities Commission 1 results 1
- Olusegun Obasanjo 1 results 1
- Open and Distance Learning 1 results 1
- Presidential speeches 1 results 1
- Scholarly studies on presidential speeches in Nigeria have concentrated on general pragmatic, stylistic, discourse and rhetorical features of the speeches to the neglect of an investigation of the link between leadership styles and ideology projected through the speeches, thus, preventing a full understanding and logical explanation of their ideological leadership styles. This study focuses on the ideology in the speeches delivered by Olusegun Obasanjo as military head of state and civilian president with a view to identifying the leadership ideology and lexical indices that characterise the ideology. The study adopted Teun van Dijk's Socio-cognitive model and Michael Halliday's Systemic Functional Grammar which respectively account for ideologically driven meaning and linguistic forms. Fifty scripted speeches (33 delivered as civilian president and 17 delivered as military head of state) were purposively selected from the Internet, newspapers and national archives. The lopsidedness in the selection results from the number of years Obasanjo served as civilian president and military head of state. The data were subjected to content analysis.Three leadership ideologies manifested in the speeches from the two terms, namely, authoritarian ideology, reformist ideology and messianic ideology. At the level of authoritarian ideology, antonyms, synonyms, polysemes, hyponyms and lexical collocations that project imposition, direction and restraint are manifested. Reformist ideology is represented by antonymous, synonymous, polysemous and hyponymous lexical items and collocations that depict the model of hope. Messianic ideology is enacted by antonyms, synonyms and collocations that are used to project the model of a deliverer. Imposition, as an authoritarian trait, is realised by lexical indices that portray unity, antagonism, stringent measures, and criticism. Direction is lexicalised through the models of development, peace and servitude. Restraint is lexicalised by the model of restriction, societal ills, self-reliance, togetherness, destruction, responsibility, awfulness, and selflessness. The model of hope is projected through lexical indices related to development, oppression, optimism, commitment, and self-reliance. The model of a deliverer is accounted for by lexical items that project optimism, failure, cynicism and despair. Comparatively, authoritarian ideology is a feature of both military and civilian speeches and shows Obasanjo's resentment for unethical behaviours and undemocratic practices. Reformist ideology is a major characteristic of the civilian speeches and it reveals Obasanjo's claim to proffer solutions to diverse political and socio-economic problems. Messianic ideology is only represented in the civilian speeches and is characterised by lexical indices that project drastic transformation.Obasanjo's ideological engagements, projected through lexical relations and collocations, portray his leadership styles as authoritarian, reformist (both as military head of state and civilian president) and messianic (as civilian president). Thus, lexical choices play significant roles in indexing ideology in his scripted speeches. Future collaborations between linguists, historians, sociologists and political scientists are capable of producing further rewarding results on the leadership ideology evident in his scripted and unscripted speeches. 1 results 1
- Structural break 1 results 1
- Sustainable Agricultural Development 1 results 1
- The ability to predict overall developments in the economy is extremely limited. The track record of forecasting is very poor, especially immediately before or during recessions when good forecasts are needed most by policy-makers. This paper examined facts on duration and size of recessions, which can be used by policy-makers in assessing macroeconomic risks. In addition, models of the business cycle in economic theory will be required to replicate or substantiate these facts. Evidence is taken from 17 Sub Saharan African economies between the periods of 1960 to 2010. Two definitions of recession are used, and the resulting analyses from the two are robust with respect to the definitions. The striking feature of the data is the resilience of the economies. The majority of recessions last for a year and small minority persisted for more than 2 years. However, in terms of size and duration, the bigger the recession and the longer it persisted, the less likely recovery becomes. This is not consistent with the assumption made in mainstream macroeconomic theory that business fluctuations are driven by recurring identically independently distributed random shocks 1 results 1
- The focus on poverty rendition as a key objective is one of the most important feature of the New Partnership for Africa Development (NEPAD) and the Millennium Development Goal-MDGs. It is the result of concern about poverty in the country and other regions of the world. Hence this paper examines the interplay of educational attainment and effective social support in reducing poverty incidence in Nigeria. Secondary data from the National Bureau of statistics and other relevant data source were obtained to answer the various research questions raised in the study. Using simple descriptive statistics, results show that; despite the petrol Dollar income for Nigeria, the country is still being rated as one of the poorest in the world as poverty incidence increase both as percentage and in absolute term. Poverty in Nigeria increased from about 18 million (28.1%) in 1980 to 67 million (65.6%) in 199ó and about 80 million (70%) in 2004 (See Muo, 2007:26). This poverty incidence cuts across all the six geopolitical Zones of the country with different degrees of intensity. However, effective and efficient education Service delivery has direct influence on National productivity, which largely determines living standards. It also supports knowledge-driven economic growth strategies and poverty reduction. The paper therefore conclude by recommending among others poverty reduction policies and programmes, which should include massive investment in education, granting the poor access to education and emphasis on empowerment through formal training, and social support that reduces poverty 1 results 1
- This study investigated how farmers in Southwest Nigeria use mobile phones for agribusiness, the benefits of the use of mobile phones, and the challenges farmers face using the device. Driven by theory of information and communication technology for development, this study adopted survey and focus group discussion (FGD) methods. Stratified, random, purposive and convenience sampling techniques were employed to select the sample. A questionnaire and FGD guide were used to collect data. Findings revealed that, among all the mobile phone features, the mostly used feature by farmers is radio at the rate of 75.9%, while the mostly deployed phone service is voice call (83.4%). Mobile phone use contribute to increase in farmers’ income, reduction in transaction and transportation costs, and increase in farm productivity. However, epileptic electricity supply hinders the effective use of mobile phones for agribusiness. Infrastructural facilities, especially electricity, should be provided in the rural areas to enable farmers use mobile phones effectively for agribusiness activities and ensure sustainable agricultural development. 1 results 1
- This study makes a cross sectional case in investigating the validity, or otherwise, of the finance driven growth hypothesis in the ECOWAS countries using annual data from 1970 to 2008 for seven countries namely: Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal and Togo. In contrast to earlier studies on developing countries, this study specifically tests for the possibility of structural breaks/regime shifts in the finance-growth long run relationship by employing the Gregory and Hansen (1996) residual based test which accounts for endogenous structural break. While the Gregory-Hansen structural break cointegration result confirms the existence of cointegration relationships among the selected countries despite the breakpoints, the Granger-causality test result indicates a general pattern of causality running from financial development to economic growth in most of the countries. Also, the striking feature of the result of our estimated growth model generally lends credent to the importance of financial development in explaining growth dynamics among the selected countries, thus reinforcing the finance-driven growth hypothesis. 1 results 1
- Urban poverty 1 results 1
- economic recession 1 results 1
- economy 1 results 1
- resilience 1 results 1
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