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Establishing a facility to measure packed column hydrodynamics by Lamprecht, Sarel Marais
Published 2010Get full text
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Computer Science 2 results 2
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- This paper defined and solved the machine set-up problem as a combinattorial optimization problem. Based on this, a PC based software for solving the machine set-up problem was developed and adapted for an easy-to learn-apply in a University Production Engineering workshop situation. The system stores pertient data and has features for determining the optimal sequence of production and relevant information for operator's quick manual setting-up of machine. This approach to managing the workshop was compared to the exisitng approach of selecting parts randomly. The innovation was found to improve perfomance between 23 to 55%. 2 results 2
- A system of power generation whereby the generating equipment is located close to the point of usage, thereby reducing losses and operation cost is called distributed generation (DG). However, it is imperative that DGs are sited such that the quality of power delivered is optimized and the total real power loss within the system minimized. This paper proposes an approach for optimum sizing and siting of DGs sizing in a power distribution system using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. To validate the algorithm the IEEE 30 bus standard test system was employed. A 92% decrease in real power loss within the system relative to the value before the connection of DGs was observed, while the minimum bus voltage increased from 0.656 per unit to 0.965 per unit. The results obtained from ACO are further verified by creating an ETAP model of the IEEE 30 bus system and simulating the impact of DG on the system. A significant reduction in total real power losses within the system and improvement in voltage profile was observed when the DGs are placed at the ACO derived sites relative to at other locations. Therefore, Ant Colony Algorithm can be used in deriving the optimum sites and sizes of DGs in a power distribution system. 1 results 1
- African Open Access — Technology & Engineering 1 results 1
- Air-sea unmanned aerial vehicle 1 results 1
- Ant colony optimization (ACO) 1 results 1
- Assessment 1 results 1
- Background Suboptimal infant vaccination is common in Nigeria and multiple interventions have been deployed to address the situation. Child health indicators are reported to be worse in urban slums compared with other urban areas, but urban data are usually not disaggregated to show these disparities. Examining the timeliness and completion of infant vaccination in urban slums is important to determine the effectiveness of existing interventions in improving infant vaccination among this vulnerable population. This study explored the trends of infant vaccination in selected urban slum communities in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria between November 2014 and October 2018. Methods This was a cross sectional study where infant vaccination data were extracted from the immunization clinic records of six primary health care centers that were providing infant vaccination services for seven urban slum communities. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi square test at α = 05. Results A total of 5,934 infants vaccination records were reviewed, 2,895 (48.8%) were for female infants and 3,002(50.6%) were from Muslim families. Overall, only 0.6% infants had both timely and complete vaccination during the four years under study. The highest number of infants with timely and complete vaccination were seen in 2015(12.2%) and least in 2018 (2.9%). Regarding timeliness of the vaccines, BCG, was the least timely among the vaccines given at birth and the pentavalent and oral polio vaccines’ timeliness reduced as the age of the infants increased. Both yellow fever and measles vaccines were timelier than th(12.1%). Those from Muslim families significantly had delayed and incomplete vaccinations compared with those from Chrisitan families (p = 0.026). Conclusion Infant vaccinations were significantly delayed and incomplete in the study communities during the years reviewed. More focused interventions are required to ensure optimal vaccination of the infants. epentavalent vaccines. Vaccines were most timely in 2016(31.3%) and least timely in 2018 1 results 1
- Background: Unresolved drug therapy-related problems (DTRPs) have economic and clinical consequences and are common causes of patients’ morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the ability of community pharmacists to identify and resolve DTRPs and assessed the perceived barriers to DTRP identification and resolution. Methods: A cross-sectional study which employed the use of three simulated patients (SPs) visit to 36 selected community pharmacies in 11 local government areas in Ibadan, Nigeria. The SPs played the role of a patient with prescription for multiple ailments (23-year-old male), type 2 diabetes and hypertensive patient with medication packs (45-year-old male) and hypertensive patient with gastric ulcer with a prescription (37-year-old female). They reenacted three rehearsed vignettes when they spoke with the pharmacists. A five-member panel of experts predetermined the DTRPs present in the vignettes (n = 11), actions to take to investigate the DTRPs (n = 9) and recommendations to resolve the DTRPs (n = 9). Pharmacists’ perceived barriers to the identification and resolution of DTRPs were assessed with a self-administered questionnaire. The percentage ability to detect and resolve DTRPs was determined and classified as poor ability (≤30%), fair ability (> 30 - ≤50%), moderate ability (> 50 - ≤70%) and high ability (> 70%). Results: One hundred and eight visits were made by the three SPs to the pharmacies. In total, 4.42/11 (40.2%) DTRPs were identified, 3.50/9 (38.9%) actions were taken, and 3.94/9 (43.8%) recommendations were made to resolve the identified DTRPs. The percentage ability of the community pharmacists to detect and resolve DTRPs varied slightly from one vignette to another (vignette 1–49.3%, vignette 2–39.1%, vignette 3–38.8%). But overall, it was fair (40.9%). Pharmacists’ perceived barriers to DTRP detection and resolution included lack of access to patient’s/client’s medical history and lack of software for DTRP detection. Conclusions: The community pharmacists displayed fair ability in detecting and resolving DTRPs. Several barriers preventing the optimal performance of pharmacist in DTRP identification and resolution were identified including inaccessibility of patient’s/client’s medical history. The regulatory authority of pharmacy education and practice in Nigeria need to mount Continuing Education Program to address this deficit among community pharmacists. 1 results 1
- Basic Education 1 results 1
- Challenges 1 results 1
- Coarse-grained model 1 results 1
- Computers have made the greatest impact in the advancement and development of almost all aspect of human endeavour, particularly in the engineering field. In this research, effort is geared towards improving the universal design and final manufacturing of commercial cams in many automotive and other related companies around the world. A software package for the design and profile simulation of plate cams with a possible choice of two followers(roller and flat-face) using eight standard cam motion for over one hundred and eighty-nine different followers profiles has been developed. The developed software provided the tools to analyze critical aspects of cams design before physical prototyping or production of such cams and followers, thereby increasing their reliability and performance. The developed software provides the tools to analyze critical aspect of cam design process but also speeds it up dramatically thereby making the process of comparative design analysis and optimization easier and faster. 1 results 1
- Control of the temperature of the outlet fluid in heat exchanger network is very important to maintain safety of equipment and meet the optimal process requirement. Conventional PID controllers have the limitations of meeting up with wide range of precision temperature control requirements, and then the predictive controllers have recently emerged as promising alternatives for advanced process control in heat exchanger systems and other industrial applications. This paper focuses on the control of output temperature of coupled shell and tube heat exchanger by combining fuzzy logic and Neural Network control system. To achieve effective control, transfer functions from the energy balance equations of the heat exchanger unit and other components were obtained. Simulation of the control process was carried out using Simulink interface of MATLAB. The time response analysis in comparison with variants of conventional PID controllers shows that combination of Neural Network and fuzzy logic controllers can efficiently improve the performance of the shell and tube heat exchanger system while in with 0.505% overshoot and less settling time of 12.74 s, and in parallel with the same overshoot of 0.505% and settling time of 11.37 s. The demonstration of the lower error indices of the neuro-fuzzy controlled system also indicated its better performance. 1 results 1
- Cu2ZnSnS4 1 results 1
- Dattabase Management 1 results 1
- Demographic factors 1 results 1
- Distributed generation (DG) 1 results 1
- Drag force 1 results 1
- Drug therapy-related problems 1 results 1
- Energy 1 results 1
- Feedforward 1 results 1
- Finite volume method 1 results 1
- Functional 1 results 1
- Fuzzy logic 1 results 1
- Greenhouse gases emitted from burnt fossil fuels are major contributors to global warming which currently threatens existence of life. Hence, the global campaign for the replacement of fossil fuels with solar energy. The Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film has emerged as a promising material for photovoltaic absorption layer in the fabrication of solar cells. Various methods of deposition have been used to fabricate superstrate CZTS thin film solar cells. However, there is limited information on the use of sol-gel method which is known to perfectly control chemical composition for the fabrication of this type of solar cells. In this study, a superstrate structured CZTS thin film solar cell was fabricated using the sol-gel method and thereafter characterised. The possibility of using paper tape during the fabrication process instead of photomask which is not always readily available was also investigated. Superstrate structured CZTS thin film solar cells were fabricated using atmospheric pressure chemical vapour to deposit SnO2:F thin film (as window layer). Also, spin coating method was used to deposit CdS thin film (as buffer layer) from the sol-gel of cadmium acetate, 2-methoxy ethanol, thiourea and polyethylene glycol. Sol-gel sulphurising method was used to deposit Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film (as absorber layer) from CuCl2, ZnCl, SnCl2 and thiourea (as sulphur source). Layers of the film were masked using paper tape, optimised and characterised following standard procedures before being used in the fabrication of (SLG)/FTO (SnO2:F)/Ag/CdS/CZTS/Al solar cell. The deposited films were characterised using scanning electron microscope for surface morphology, Jandel universal four point probe for sheet resistance, MD-10 X-ray Diffractometer for crystallography and AvaSpec-2048 UV-VIS spectrophotometer for optical properties. The CZTS thin film solar cells of active area 2.25cm2 were examined for their efficiencies using the Newport solar simulator under irradiation of 100 mW/cm2. The mean of the efficiencies of CZTS solar cells from sol-gel method were compared with previous work on screen printing and doctor-blade methods. The SnO2:F thin film obtained had a transmittance of 80% in the UV-Visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum and a sheet resistance of 15 Ω/sq which is within acceptable values for a window layer. The calculated energy band gap of the CdS and CZTS films from the transmittance and reflectance data were 2.40 eV and 1.51 eV respectively. This value for CZTS is closest to near-optimal direct band gap value (1.50eV) when compared with those obtained via screen printing (1.40eV) and doctor blade (1.41eV) methods. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the CdS film exhibit hexagonal structure with (002) orientation while CZTS film had kesterite structure with (112) orientation. The absorption co-efficient of CZTS film in the visible region was 104 cm-1. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed sharp peaks whereas broadened peaks were observed in the X-ray diffraction pattern obtained via doctor blade method. The fabricated solar cells with buffer layer thicknesses of 40 nm and 60 nm had efficiencies of 0.28 0.01% and 0.13 0.01% respectively when compared with screen printing (0.53%) and doctor-blade (0.55%). Superstrate Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells have been successfully fabricated using sol-gel spin coating method and paper tape in lieu of photomask 1 results 1
- Health and Safety 1 results 1
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- Advances in Emergency Medicine 2 results 2
- Advanced Modeling and Simulation in Engineering Sciences 1 results 1
- Algerian Journal of Signals and Systems 1 results 1
- Autex Research Journal 1 results 1
- Computational Urban Science 1 results 1
- Data Intelligence 1 results 1
- Discover Energy 1 results 1
- Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 1 results 1
- Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare 1 results 1
- Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 1 results 1
- Lobachevskii Journal of Mathematics 1 results 1
- Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy 1 results 1
- Mekanika 1 results 1
- Network and Communication Technologies 1 results 1
- Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering 1 results 1
- SCIRES-IT : SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology 1 results 1
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- SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository 544 results 544
- UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository 265 results 265
- UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository 231 results 231
- AUC Knowledge Fountain — bepress 62 results 62
- KNUSTSpace — Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology (Ghana) 5 results 5