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Smokers and non smokers: A comparison of Oral health practices and effect of non-surgical Periodontal Therapy on their Periodontium
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Periodontal status and treatment needs of primary school teachers in the absence of formal school oral health programme
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Application of mathematical model to the production capacity of a yam flour producing company
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Oral Health Awareness, Practices and Status of Patients with Diabetes attending a Tertiary Health Institution in Nigeria
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The fluoride content of drinking water and caries experience in 15 – 19 year old school children in Ibadan, Nigeria
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A BIBLIO-TEXTUAL STUDY AND EDITION OF THE POEMS OF ANDREW MARVELL
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Engineering & Technology 70 results 70
- Computer Science & IT 69 results 69
- Computer Science & Information Science 69 results 69
- Mathematics 4 results 4
- Natural Sciences 4 results 4
- Natural Sciences — Mathematical Sciences 4 results 4
- Social Sciences 2 results 2
- Arts & Humanities 1 results 1
- BACKGROUND: Halitosis is a common cause of dental consultation. Patients presenting with primary complaint of halitosis consist of dissatisfied people with genuine and pseudo-halitosis. OBJECTIVES: To assess the demographic and clinico-pathologic features of patients presenting with primary complaint of halitosis as well as evaluate the treatment outcome. METHODS: Consenting patients presenting with primary complaint of halitosis from 1st of March to 31st August, 2015 were recruited. All had intraoral examination, were screened for psychiatric morbidity and halitosis using the organoleptic method. Data concerning the complaint of halitosis was retrieved from all through an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. All the patients were educated on the aetiology of halitosis, those with oral disease were treated and all had scaling and polishing, oral hygiene instruction/motivation in addition to hydrogen peroxide mouth rinse for two weeks. Patients’ opinions were sought concerning the presence/ intensity of halitosis at two weeks and six months post treatment. RESULTS: Thirty-one patients with a mean age of 38.48 years and male: female ratio of 1.3 were recruited. Intraoral pathology was observed in 48.4% of patients. None of the patients smoked cigarette or pipe. Twenty patients (64.5%) had been informed of the foulness of their breath by at least one person in the past; the information generated negative feelings in 19 of them. Six patients had psychiatric morbidity which was significantly associated with female gender and presence of body odour. At two weeks post treatment, 54.8% of patients were free of halitosis, while at six months only 25.8% were free. CONCLUSION: The patients who complained of halitosis were non-smokers with a mean age of 38.48±14.0 years. Intraoral pathologies were found in fifteen (15) patients, while six (6) had psychiatry morbidity. About half of the patients and about a quarter were free of halitosis following scaling and polishing and two weeks’ hydrogen peroxide mouth rinse at 2 weeks and 6 months’ reviews, respectively. 1 results 1
- Clinical evaluation for Dental Disease Conditions (DDC) in companion animals is an integral aspect of routine dental health care procedure in veterinary practice which often is less practice in Nigeria. This study evaluated the occurrence of DDC and possible inciting causes with a focus of providing a meaningful basis for canine dental health care in Nigeria. Fifty-seven dogs (30 males and 27 females) made up of 10 different breeds and presented at 3 major Veterinary Hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria were assessed for periodontal disease (PD), dental calculus (DC), dental abrasion (DA) and their association with other systemic diseases using Dental probe, Glucometer, Urinalysis strip and PD survey questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation at > 0.05 level of significance. The prevalence of PD was the highest (82.46%) while DC was 80.70% and DA, 57.89%. PD was observed to be more common in male (83.33%) dogs, while calculus formation and dental attrition were more common in female dogs. The incidence and severity of dental disease conditions increased with age. There was a positive correlation (p=0.04) between PD and DC and between DC and DA (p=0.00). The order of nutritional inciting cause of PD, DC and DA is compounded food > home food > waste from eateries. This investigation showed a high incidence of DDC in dogs with no dental health care and nutrition could be an inciting cause. This showed that there is need for patients’ dental health care in veterinary practice in Nigeria 1 results 1
- Dental disease 1 results 1
- Despite the reported increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, very few studies have documented report on oral health awareness and oral health conditions of individuals with diabetes mellitus from our environment. Thus this study aimed at assessing the oral health awareness, practices and status of individuals with diabetes mellitus attending a tertiary health facility in Nigeria. A cross sectional survey of 143 patients with diabetes attending the medical outpatients' clinic of the hospital. Information was obtained from participants using pretested structured questionnaires and oral examination. Tests of associations were determined using Chi-square and student t test. One-fifth (20.3%) of the respondents were aware of good oral health preventing oral diseases in diabetes. Thirty-five (24.5%) knew that diabetes could worsen oral health condition and only 3 (2.1%) could correctly explain the association between diabetes and oral health conditions. Forty-three (30.1%) had participated in an oral health education program focused on diabetes and oral health. The majority (88.6%) had calculus accumulation while none had a healthy periodontium. Oral health awareness, practices and status of patients with diabetes were poor in our environment. Thus, these individuals need to be better informed of the relationship between oral health and diabetes 1 results 1
- Dogs 1 results 1
- Fluoride, a trace element with anticariogenic benefit may either occur naturally or be added to drinking water sources. This study aimed at determining the fluoride level of the different drinking water sources in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria and to relate this with the caries experience of secondary school children in the city. Sixteen samples of the drinking water sources from various locations in the five local government areas of the city were analysed for fluoride concentration. The locations were selected around the vicinities of the secondary schools used for caries study. Nine hundred and fifty five students aged 15-19 years randomly selected from eleven secondary schools in Ibadan metropolis were examined for dental caries over a period of 4-5 months. Only teeth with obvious cavitations were recorded as being carious using the WHO standard method. Teeth grossly covered with calculus and third molars were excluded. No radiograph was taken. The fluoride level of the different water sources was between 0.02 and 0.03ppm. Forty-four (4.6%) of the children had dental caries. There was no statistically significant difference between either DMFT and gender (t = 0.67, p = 0.91) or DMFT and age (F=1.488, p=0.224). However, females had a slightly higher mean DMFT than males and the highest mean DMFT (2.67 + 1.15) was found among the 19- year- old children. Twenty-three (52.3%) of the students with caries had only one carious tooth while only two had four carious teeth each. In conclusion, both the fluoride level and caries prevalence were low. 1 results 1
- Halitosis 1 results 1
- Ibadan 1 results 1
- Information is sparse about the periodontal health of teachers who play important: roles in prevention of oral diseases in schools. Especially in developing countries where the promotion of oral health in school programmes is still sub-optimal. The objective of the study was to evaluate the periodontal health status and periodontal treatment needs of primary school teachers in a country lacking formal school-based oral health programmes. This was a descriptive survey in which intraoral examination was conducted on 407 primary school teachers. Recordings on the oral hygiene status using OHI-S. bleeding on probing, periodontal pocketing and treatment needs with CPITN and tooth mobility were obtained by a trained and calibrated examiner. Information on socio-demographic characteristics was also sought. Data were analyzed using SPSS and the level of significance set atp<0.05. None of the teachers had healthy periodontium, 3 bled to probing, 284 had calculus accumulation and 109 had shallow pockets while 11 had deep periodontal pocketing. Majority (80.6%) of the teachers had poor oral hygiene and 43 (10.6%) had one or more mobile teeth. A higher proportion of rural based teachers had periodontal pockets compared to those in urban areas (38.5% vs. 26.7%. p = 0.026). Older teachers were more likely to have mobile teeth (p = 0.002). There were significant positive correlations between OHI-S, CPITN score and number of mobile teeth. Periodontal disease is highly prevalent among primary school teachers in the country with calculus accumulation being the predominant feature. The periodontal treatment need of most of the teachers is in the form of oral prophylaxis and non-surgical periodontal treatment 1 results 1
- Language & Literature 1 results 1
- Mathematicat Model 1 results 1
- Mechanical Engineering 1 results 1
- Oral disease 1 results 1
- Periodontal status 1 results 1
- Production Capacity 1 results 1
- Produ~Uon Stages 1 results 1
- Psychology 1 results 1
- Smokers 1 results 1
- Sociology 1 results 1
- The introduction of recent bibliographic techniques into editorial practice raised hopes of finally finding objective solutions to many seemingly insoluble textual problems. Yet as the eminent bibliographer Fredson Bowers points out (Bibliography and Textual Criticism, 1964) such hopes - either because the techniques are still not completely developed, or because of their inherent limitations - have not been fully realised. Walter Greg, another pioneer in the field, had earlier warned that the new techniques could not be expected to carry the textual critic the whole way to perfection (Bibliography - An Apologia, 1932). The present thesis represents an attempt to apply the techniques to, and to overcome their limitation in, the editing of Marvell’s poems - with what success the sequel will show. Chapter 1 considers the circumstances surrounding the first printing of most of Marvell’s poems in 1681 at the instance or with the connivance of that Mary Palmer who falsely claimed to be his widow. It is shown that certain items intended for inclusion in the Miscellaneous Poems were cancelled because o£ the political upheavals of the year; that these cancelled poems deal with Cromwell and would have been likely to mind the public at the Civil war and the Regicide at a time when repetition of both catastrophes had been narrowly averted; that because the cancellations, the 1681 edition actually survives in three states. It is further suggested that the volume was printed by ‘casting-ort’ the copy, that, during printing, other materials not supplied by Mary Palmer were added, and that none of those directly concerned with the printing can be expected to have exercised salutary control over the process of publication. Chapter 2 discussed the various theories of textual criticism evolving from editorial practices in the fields of Biblical, Classical, and Modern Bibliographical scholarship. The objective common to all three is the determining of the text closest to the author's original by tracing the descent of surving copies through the use of various methods: by Dom Quentin's theory of intermediaries, by Paul Maas’s system of stemmatics, by Walter Greg’s calculus of variants and the like. For Marvell, with only one edition to be followed, the common problem of preferring one of a series of early editions does not exist; the real difficulty is to ascertain the poet’s own intention whenever there is a cause for doubt, always bearing in mind the not-too-favourable ambiences of poems either published posthumously or circulated anonymously. In addition to the problem of establishing Marvell’s intention in authenticated poems attributed to his authorship. The conclusion is that because of the peculiarities of transmission and survival, an edition of Marvell’s poem must necessarily be based not upon one but upon several methods of approach. Chapter 3 examines the background and technique of the ‘copy-text|’, the use of which is made obligatory by the repeated successes of the bibliographic school of textual critics in its application to earlier English works. Where only one copy of questionable superiority can be singled out, no one need quarrel with this technique; difficulties begin to arise when there are several copies of comparable authority available. To insist upon a ‘copy-text’ even in this case is justified by what Greg calls the ‘accidentals’ of a text (i.e. the spelling modes, the punctuation system, etc.). It is even more justified when it ensures that a modern edition retains significant ‘accidentals’, whatever they be, to the point where all linguistic traits of the author’s period, all significant indications of linguistics and philological peculiarities, whether temporal, or social, or private, should be transmitted through the text. In case of Marvell, the setting-up of a ‘copy-text’ without thorough exploration of ‘accidentals’ is scarcely feasible. That completed, the final question is the degree to which the results of the exploration, the resolutions of the difficulties it reveals, must be followed. Chapter 4 considers many of the peculiarities of the English language in Marvell’s time, particularly those (consequent upon the tangle of vowel-shifts known as the Great Sound Shift) which have immediate effectiveness for the ‘copy-text’ technique. Thanks to research by philologist-linguists like Luich, Sweet, Wyld, Whitehall, Dobson, Nist, Trager- Smith, et al., the overall pattern of Early Modern English, particularly that of the sonantal system, emerges with some clarity. Here, the results are schematized on a phonetic basis, and the confusions that might confront an editor, especially those reflected on spellings and rhymes, are broadly charted. From this exercise emerge several linguistic guide-lines to be followed, or at least considered in editing Marvell. Chapter 5 attempts to demonstrate how the study of para-linguistic factors of metre, rhythm, rhyme, and repetitive sound-patterning facilitates the editorial task, especially for rhymed verse. Here the metre and rhythms of Marvell’s verse are analysed in some detail and from several point of view. The most obvious prosodic feature is the maintenance of a strict syllable count- so strict that any apparent violation can be attributed to an error of transmission. In the octosyllabic couplet, his favourite form, Marvell not only makes good use of traditionally accepted variations, modulations, and metrical equivalences but is also able to absorb into his verse the principles of the ‘Classical plain style,’ the so-called sermo. In him, this is not merely a matter of achieving post-Elizabethan elegance and colloquial ease of diction and syntax; it also, and more importantly, involves the natural ordering of syntactic units in such a fashion that the pauses bordering segmenting them can be varied as freely and unaffectedly in verse as they normally are in prose and speech- all these within the strict metrical framework of syllable count. As a result, there is remarkable free positioning of the ‘caesuras’, which fall at various places in a line after odd- as well as even-numbered syllables and not- as advocated by certain Elizabethan posts and authorities- in a fixed medial position. Following the method of Ants Oras (Pause Patterns in Elizabethan and Jacobean Drama, 1960), an attempt is made to graph pause distribution profiles for the two famous poems “To His Coy Mistress” and “AN Horatian Ode” on the basis of both printed punctuation and syntactic analysis of actual readings. Chapter 6 brings forward the argument that capitalization is a device employed to indicate emphasis- particularly in stress bearing words of a poem- and is therefore an important ‘accidental’ to be reckoned with in editing verse. This fact is revealed in the analysis of Marvell’s On a Drop of Dew, and is confirmed by the practice of contemporary poets, by printing practice, and by statements of primers at tile time. What emerges is that this poem as printed in 1681 (and probably some other poem), seems to have fewer printed capitalized words than appeared in the original manuscript. In editing the poems, while it may not be possible to restore all the capitalization that Marvell intended, it is at least possi1ble to detect words wrongly capitalized, if they destroy what seems to be the intended rhythm and sense. Chapters 7 to 9 deal with the problem of attributing to Marvell some poems written anonymously. In Chapter 7 the various methods of determining the authorship of disputed works are reviewed. These fall into two main groups: internal evidence of style and ideas, the external evidence of direct statements by the author or his contemporaries, or statements from letters, diaries, and so forth. For Marvell external evidence is found to be rather weak – sometimes a contradictory. Internal stylistic evidence is relatively unhelpful mainly because the characteristic styles of the lyrical poems are different from those of the political poems. On the other hand, evidence from ideas seems important because of the feasible comparison between the views expressed in his prose written and those in the political poems. For this purpose, Marvell’s activities and attitudes as a politician are examined in Chapter 8. The picture given is that of a loyal citizen with a deep reverence for law and the constitution and a strong belief in the providential guidance of affairs of state. In a mixed constitution such as that of England at the time when the political poems were written, Marvell was determined to support equally the prerogatives of the King and the privileges of Parliament; and rejected any section – from parliament or King - that might upset the balance. -Finally, in Chapter 9, the political poems attributed to Marvell are re-examined individually. After this consideration, only four of the sixteen poems printed by Margoliouth - The Last Instructions, The Loyall Scott, Bludius et Corona and Scaevola Scoto-Brittannus –are found to be fully acceptable as Marvell’s. Four others – Clarendon’s House-Warming, Britannia and Rawleigh, and the Second and Third Advices are probably his. All the others, it appears, have been wrongly ascribed to him. 1 results 1
- To assess the oral hygiene measures and self-report oral symptoms of smokers and non-smokers, as well as evaluate and compare the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on their periodontium. This was a quasi-experimental study conducted on smokers and non-smokers. Adult patient smokers were recruited into the study group and matched with age and sex controls (non-smokers). Data was collected on oral hygiene measures and self-reported oral symptoms. The patients were examined and evaluated using oral indices. Each patient had scaling and root planing done and was re-examined after six weeks. Data was analysed using SPSS. Seventy-two patients completed the study with age ranging from 20 to 65 years and a mean age of 43.7 (± 17.8) years. Twenty-one percent (21%) of smokers and 42% of the non-smokers reported experiencing gum bleeding, p =0.041. Sixty percent of the smokers reported stains on their teeth compared to 29.7% of non smokers, p = 0.028. The baseline gingival and calculus indices were lower in smokers compared to non smokers while the plaque index was higher among the smokers. The response to scaling and root planing was worse among smokers comparing their gingival and calculus indices but better in terms of the plaque indices, however, these were not statistically significant. There were no significant differences between the response of smokers and non smokers to non surgical periodontal therapy although smokers experienced gingival bleeding less often and have lower gingival index 1 results 1
- We consider maximum likelihood estimation logarithmic transformation irrespective of mass of density functions. The estimators are assumed to be consistent, convergent and existing. They are referred to as asymptotically minimum-variance sufficient unbiased estimators (AMVSU). We find that the likelihood function gives accurate result when maximized than the log-likelihood. This is because logarithmic transformation has potential problems. We consider a uniform case where the parameter 0 cannot be estimated by calculus but order-statistics. We fit a truncated Poison distribution into data on damaged done after estimating λ by a Newton-Raphson Iterative Algorithm. 1 results 1
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- Facta Universitatis Series: Mechanical Engineering 1 results 1
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- Journal of Inequalities and Applications 1 results 1
- Journal of Open Source Software 1 results 1
- Linguistics and Philosophy 1 results 1
- Numeracy : Advancing Education in Quantitative Literacy 1 results 1
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- Sprouts : Working Papers on Information Systems 1 results 1
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