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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Compost 2 results 2
- Accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils rcsults in long term environmental problem, elevateci heavy metal uptake by crops and food poisoning. Remediation of sites contaminateci by heavy metals is therefore pertinent. Incubation and greenhouse studies were conducted to test for thè effects of different types of compost on soil remediation and thè growth of maizc planted on rcmediated battery wastes contaminated soil. Composts made from five different plani materials (Soyabean stover (SS), Maize Stover (MS), Mexican Sunflower (SW), Cassava Wastes (CW) and Neem Seeds (MS) as well as Poultry Manure (PM) alone and Organo-mineral fertilizer (OM) were used. Each was applied at thè rate of 20 t/ha. Pre-cropping soil Chemical compositions showed that lead concentration (148000 mg/kg) was significantly higher than thè permissible level (300 mgkg1) at thè study site. Results of incubation studies revealed a progressive reduction in heavy metal concentrations for thè sampling periods. MSW and CW composts significantly reduced soil lead by 39% and 38% respectively followed by SS (33%), MS (28%), PM (26%), NS (25%) and OM (23%). Application of compost to thè contaminated soil also enhanced vegetative growth of maize when compared with control. SS, CW, NS, MS, MSW, OM, and PM increased thè dry matter yield by 49%, 60%, 56%, 24%, 68% , 55% and 27% respectively over control. Unlike thè maize plants grown on organic amendcd contaminated soil, control Dlants started showing toxicity symptoms such as necrotic lesions, chlorosis, wilting and eventual death. Organic imendment also increased nutrients uptake by maize crop compared to control plants. Generally organic amendments proved effective in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and had ameliorative effects on crop growing on contaminated soil. Among thè organic amendments, MSW and CW performed better. 1 results 1
- Agronomic parameters 1 results 1
- Battery Wastes 1 results 1
- Bio-remediation 1 results 1
- Compost Tea 1 results 1
- Compost quality 1 results 1
- Globally, chemical fertilizers cause serious environmental pollution and health hazards. Studies have shown that compost, a product of biodegradable organic matter, is not popular among Nigerian farmers because of its low quality. Improving compost quality is a challenge and supplementing it with natural fortifiers may be safer than opting for chemical fertilizers. This study was therefore designed to explore the effect of nutrient-rich alternatives on quality of compost made from market wastes. This was an experimental study design, comprising compost preparation, formulation with natural fortifiers, farm plot experiments and laboratory analyses. Organically Fortified Fertilizers (OFFs) comprised: Plant-Based (PB), Animal-Based (AB), Rock-Based (RB), Organic-mixture (OMmixture of PB, AB and RB), Synthetic/ Chemical (SC) while ordinary compost was used as control. The plot experiment was a simple plot randomised complete block design with three replicates. The main plots comprised three crops- maize (cereal), soybean (legume) and yam (tuber) while five different OFFs at three rates of applications- 2.0 tons, 2.5 tons and 3.0 tons per hectare and control formed subplots. Formulation characteristics [organic-carbon, Total Nitrogen (TN), phosphorus and potassium] were determined using spectrophotometeric and other standard methods. Germination index method was used to assess phytotoxicity of OFFs. Values obtained for phytotoxicity were compared with Thailand Agricultural Commodity and Food Standard of ≥80 for safe OFFs. Effects of OFFs on Agronomic Parameters (APs) [Number of Leaves (NL), Plant Height (PH), Stem Girth (SG), Leaf Area (LA) and crop yield] were assessed in plot experiments. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at p = 0.05. Chemical analysis of OFFs revealed organic-carbon (%): 33.2±0.0, 38.4±0.2, 27.7±0.1, 34.8±0.0, 28.4±0.2, 32.8±0.21; TN (%): 5.69±0.0, 5.74±0.0, 5.85±0.0, 6.05±0.0, 6.15±0.0, 3.21±0.0, phosphorus (%):0.3±0.0, 0.5±0.0, 0.2±0.0, 0.8±0.0, 0.2±0.0, 0.7±0.1 and potassium (%): 0.5±0.0, 0.7±0.0, 0.4±0.0, 1.0±0.0, 0.4±0.0, 0.9±0.0 for PB, AB, RB, OM, SC and control respectively. The control had significantly higher phosphorus and potassium, and lower TKN than any of the formulations. Values obtained for phyto-toxicity were higher than 80 with exception of SC that was toxic to soybean at 3.0 tons/Ha (74.2). Specifically, OM and RB for maize [NL (10.0±1.1; 9.2±1.0), PH (23.9±5.4cm; 22.7±3.6cm), SG (2.2±0.4cm; 2.2±0.4cm), LA (2.7±0.1cm2; 3.4±0.7cm2)]; AB and RB for soybean [NL (20.3±10.1; 15.3±4.5), PH (12.0±3.5cm; 10.8±5.8cm), SG (0.4±0.1cm; 0.4±0.1 cm), LA (21.0±15.7cm2; 18.7±7.2 cm2)] and RB for yam [PH (44.0±24.0cm); SG (0.8±0.1cm)] respectively gave the best crops’ performances in APs among all the formulations and the control. Rate of application of OFFs showed no significant effects on APs. However, AB at 2.0 tons/ha followed by PB (2.5 tons/ha) gave the highest soybean yield; RB (2.0 tons/ha) gave the highest maize yield and OM (3.0 tons/ha) gave highest yam tuber yield. Nutrient-rich materials sourced from animal, plant and rock changed the chemical composition of compost made from market wastes and yielded better agronomic performances than the synthetic fertilizer. Fortification of compost with natural materials which are readily available and environmentally friendly should be promoted among the farmers. 1 results 1
- Heavy Metals 1 results 1
- Mexican Sunflower 1 results 1
- Natural fortifiers 1 results 1
- Organic fertilizer formulation 1 results 1
- Soil Fertility 1 results 1
- The use of organic amendments has contributed immensely to crop yield and productivity due to their agronomic and environmental benefits. Among these benefits is the ability of organic amendments to stay longer in the soil unlike inorganic fertilizers. Greenhouse experiment was conducted to compare the residual effect of dry compost, compost tea and inorganic fertilizer on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake of maize (Zea mays L.) immediately after the first planting. The initial treatments consisted of dry compost (made from Mexican sunflower and poultry manure), compost tea (water extract from dry compost) and inorganic fertilizer (N.P.K 15:15: 15). Dry compost was applied at three levels (5, 10 and 15 t ha'), compost tea (200, 400 and 600m ha" and inorganic fertilizer at 100 and 150kg N ha". These were arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replicates. Data were collected on growth and yield parameters, pre and post-planting soil nutrient compositions as well as plant nutrient analysis. Results showed that compost application generally enhanced the growth and dry matter accumulation of maize in the residual trial compared to compost tea and inorganic fertilizer. However, compost had significant effects on the growth and yield of the maize compared to compost tea and inorganic fertilizer with the highest mean values recorded in maize crop treated with dry compost at 150/ha. This treatment increased the dry matter yield by 144% compared to control and inorganic fertilizer treatments. Plant tissue and post cropping soil nutrient analyses also revealed that application of organic amendments increased the residual concentration of phosphorus, potassium and calcium both in the soil and in the maize plant. Highest rate (600m'ha") of compost tea however increased growth and yield parameters compared to other rates in the residual trial. In conclusion, residual effect of compost is more pronounced on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of maize compared to compost tea and inorganic fertilizer. 1 results 1
- Yield 1 results 1
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