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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF THREE CULTIVATED Pleurotus SPECIES ON SELECTED TROPICAL TREES SAWDUSTS
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SILVICULTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSERVATION OF PLUKENETIACONOPHORA (MULL ARG) IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA
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SILVICULTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSERVATION OF Plukenetia conophora (MULL ARG) IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Biological and production efficiencies 1 results 1
- Composting intervals 1 results 1
- Coppicing 1 results 1
- Coppicing, 1 results 1
- Liana 1 results 1
- Liana, 1 results 1
- Oyste mushrooms 1 results 1
- Plukenetia conophora, 1 results 1
- Plukenetia conophora, a liana with economic potentials is threatened by extinction. Ex-situ conservation of the species which requires knowledge of its early growth and vegetative propagation has the potentials to enhance its sustainability. However information on the silvicultural requirements for the early growth of this species is scanty. Hence, in this study, seed germination, seedling growth, macro and micropropagation of Plukenetia conophora in Southwestern Nigeria were investigated. Fruits of P. conophora from Oyo (Ibadan), Ogun (Ijebu-Ode), Osun (Igbajo) and Ondo (Akure) states were collected and used for the study. Using completely randomised design, variations in fruit size, growth of seedlings and biomass production of P. conophora were assessed. Seeds stored for twelve months at room temperature (28oC), in a freezer (-5oC), refrigerator (7oC), dry soil (29oC) and freshly extracted seeds (control) were tested for viability using 1% tetrazolium salt. Effect of seed size: small (<9g/wt), medium (9-11g/wt) and large (12-15g/wt) on germination was investigated. Also, the influence of five watering regimes: submerging in 10 litres of water, watering daily, at 4 and 7 days interval with 250ml/seedling and no watering (control), on seedling growth were assessed. Effects of three organic fertilisers (poultry droppings, cow dung and compost) at 10, 20, 30 and 40g/2kg soil on seedling growth were investigated. Seedlings were decapitated at heights 10, 15 and 20cm above root collar and their coppicing potentials were investigated. Macro propagation of double node cuttings using Indole- Butyric Acid (IBA), Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and IBA + NAA hormones at 50ppm, 100ppm, 200ppm and their powdery forms at 8g/kg was carried out. Micropropagation using embryo explant on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) media was studied. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at p = 0.05. Sources significantly affected the fruit weight and collar diameter while the length of liana was not significantly different. Fruit weight ranged between 96.7±30.2g and 62.4±15.1g. Collar diameter was between 0.9±0.1cm and 0.8±0.2cm and length of liana ranged between 224.8±15.8cm and 182.4±6.7cm. Biomass production ranged between 45.8±6.2g and 33.6±7.1g. Seeds stored at 7oC gave the highest viability of 75% after 30 weeks. Seeds size had no significant effect on early growth. Watering regimes significantly affected growth with daily iii watering producing the longest liana (140.8±7.3cm). Submerging in water and no watering liana wilted after the 8th week. Compost fertilizer at 40g/2kg soil produced the longest liana (242.5±14.1cm) while the control had the shortest (164±8.4cm). Decapitation at height 20cm produced the highest number of coppices (6.0±2.2). Double node cuttings using IBA + NAA in their powdery form produced 90% rooting over the control (no rooting). Embryo culture using MS medium alone produced the highest plantlets (9.0±1.8) while MS + 0.5mg benzyl aminopurine produced none. Viability was maintained in the seed of Plukenetia conophora for 30 weeks when stored at 7oC. Seedling performed best when watered daily. Rooting of double node cuttings was possible using powdery hormone and plantlets of Plukenetia conophora were produced using the embryo as explant. 1 results 1
- Plukenetiaconophora 1 results 1
- Plukenetiaconophora, a liana with economic potentials is threatened by extinction. Ex-situ conservation of the species which requires knowledge of its early growth and vegetative propagation has the potentials to enhance its sustainability. However information on the silvicultural requirements for the early growth of this species is scanty. Hence, in this study, seed germination, seedling growth, macro and micropropagation of Plukenetiaconophora in Southwestern Nigeria were investigated. Fruits of P. conophora from Oyo (Ibadan), Ogun (Ijebu-Ode), Osun (Igbajo) and Ondo (Akure) states were collected and used for the study. Using completely randomised design, variations in fruit size, growth of seedlings and biomass production of P. conophora were assessed. Seeds stored for twelve months at room temperature (28oC), in a freezer (-5oC), refrigerator (7oC), dry soil (29oC) and freshly extracted seeds (control) were tested for viability using 1% tetrazolium salt. Effect of seed size: small (<9g/wt), medium (9-11g/wt) and large (12-15g/wt) on germination was investigated. Also, the influence of five watering regimes: submerging in 10 litres of water, watering daily, at 4 and 7 days interval with 250ml/seedling and no watering (control), on seedling growth were assessed. Effects of three organic fertilisers (poultry droppings, cow dung and compost) at 10, 20, 30 and 40g/2kg soil on seedling growth were investigated. Seedlings were decapitated at heights 10, 15 and 20cm above root collar and their coppicing potentials were investigated. Macro propagation of double node cuttings using Indole-Butyric Acid (IBA), Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and IBA + NAA hormones at 50ppm, 100ppm, 200ppm and their powdery forms at 8g/kg was carried out. Micropropagation using embryo explant on modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) media was studied. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at p = 0.05. Sources significantly affected the fruit weight and collar diameter while the length of liana was not significantly different. Fruit weight ranged between 96.7±30.2g and 62.4±15.1g. Collar diameter was between 0.9±0.1cm and 0.8±0.2cm and length of liana ranged between 224.8±15.8cm and 182.4±6.7cm. Biomass production ranged between 45.8±6.2g and 33.6±7.1g. Seeds stored at 7oC gave the highest viability of 75% after 30 weeks. Seeds size had no significant effect on early growth. Watering regimes significantly affected growth with daily watering producing the longest liana (140.8±7.3cm). Submerging in water and no watering liana wilted after the 8th week. Compost fertilizer at 40g/2kg soil produced the longest liana (242.5±14.1cm) while the control had the shortest (164±8.4cm). Decapitation at height 20cm produced the highest number of coppices (6.0±2.2). Double node cuttings using IBA + NAA in their powdery form produced 90% rooting over the control (no rooting). Embryo culture using MS medium alone produced the highest plantlets (9.0±1.8) while MS + 0.5mg benzyl aminopurine produced none. Viability was maintained in the seed of Plukenetiaconophora for 30 weeks when stored at 7oC. Seedling performed best when watered daily. Rooting of double node cuttings was possible using powdery hormone and plantlets of Plukenetiaconophora were produced using the embryo as explant. 1 results 1
- The quest to boost dietary protein production from readily available and affordable sources is ever increasing in developing countries. The indigenous edible Pleurotus species (oyster mushrooms), which grow naturally on wood wastes, are potential protein supplements. However, little information is available on the usage of selected tropical trees for optimum mushroom cultivation. Therefore, this research was designed to investigate the growth and yield of oyster mushrooms on sawdust of selected tropical trees. Mature stems of Mangifera indica L. (PTBG0000039360), Senna siamea Lam. (BISH0000032830) and Azadirachta indica A. Juss (BISH0000015188) were harvested and identity authenticated at the National Horticultural Research Institute (NIHORT), Ibadan. The samples were air-dried, separately milled into sawdust, composted and used as three substrates. The fourth substrate was the mixed bed derived from the mixtures of the three substrates in ratio 1:1:1 by weight. Three mushroom species (Pleurotus ostreatus, P. pulmonarius and P. tuber-regium) were collected from Mycology Unit, NIHORT. A total of 108 polyethylene substrate bags (27 for each substrate) were filled with 300 g of the sawdust, each tightly packed, sterilised and inoculated with 30 g each of mushroom spawn. Mycelial growth was determined using standard method. Fruiting body production was obtained for the three mushrooms on all the substrates and sclerotia weight recorded at different Weeks of Composting Intervals (WCI) of 4, 8 and 12. Biological and production efficiencies were determined using mathematical methods. The experiment was a 4 x 3 x 3 factorial arrangement laid out in a complete randomised design with three replicates each. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at p =0.05. The longest and the shortest mycelial extensions (13.3 and 4.6 cm) were observed in P. pulmonarius grown on A. indica at 4WCI and 8WCI respectively. At 12WCI, the highest Fruit Weight (FW) of 86.8±1.2 g for P. pulmonarius was observed on S. siamea which was not significantly different from P. ostreatus (84.9±1.2 g) on M. indica. The most significant Biological Efficiencies (BE) of 82.7% and 80.9% for P. pulmonarius and P. ostreatus at 12WCI respectively were observed on S. siamea and M. indica. At 12WCI, the Production Efficiency (PE) was highest (42.8%) for P. ostreatus on M. indica and 41.1% for P. pulmonarius on S. siamea. Also, the highest mean sclerotia weight of 42.1±0.9 g was obtained for P. tuber-regium on M. indica at 12WCI. However, at 4WCI, the least FW (13.7±0.1 g) was in P. pulmonarius cultivated on S. siamea while the least BE (13.0%) was observed for P. pulmonarius on S. siamea. Also, the least PE value of 4.9% for P. pulmonarius was observed on S. siamea while the least sclerotia weight of 9.0±0.6 g was obtained on mixed bed. The longer the decomposition period of the substrate, the more significant was the yield. The best substrate for the production of fruiting body of Pleurotus ostreatus and sclerotia of Pleurotus tuber-regium was Mangifera indica while Senna siamea was most suitable for Pleurotus pulmonarius. Keywords: Biological and production efficiencies, Composting intervals, Oyster mushrooms, Tropical trees sawdust Word count: 488 1 results 1
- Tropical trees sawdust 1 results 1
- Vegetative Propagation. 1 results 1
- Vegetative propagation 1 results 1
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