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DNA AND SYSTEMIC DAMAGE INDUCED BY LANDFILL LEACHATES, AND HEALTH IMPACTS OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO LANDFILLS IN LAGOS AND IBADAN, NIGERIA
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Environmental Management 42 results 42
- Environmental Sciences 42 results 42
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- "This study examined the nature of street sweeping, the composition of litters, the socio-economic and health status of street sweepers and the public perception of the benefits and challenges of street sweeping in Ado-Ekiti. Primary data were obtained through direct personal observation, questionnaire administration and in-depth interview while secondary data were sourced from published and unpublished documents. Purposive and random sampling methods were adopted in the selection of respondents for questionnaire administration. Four types of structured questionnaire were designed and administered separately to: 103 (20%) of the street sweepers along the 21 swept streets; 193 (5%) buildings along the 21 streets; 14 officials of the Ekiti State Waste Management Authority involved in the street sweeping programme, and 42 pedestrians (female and male) along the 21 swept streets. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data collected. Findings revealed that all the street sweepers were females and casual workers. Sediments/broken blocks/sand/gravel (18.8%), plastics (16.6%), nylon/polythene (16.6%), leaves/wood/grass (15.0%), food wastes (12.6%), paper (9.9%), aluminum cans/metals/glass (5.3%), and miscellaneous (5.2%) constituted the street litters. The sweepers suffered from joint pain (96.1%), catarrh (91.3%), cough (83.5%) eye infection (70.8%) asthma (46.6%) and malaria (31.1%). Inadequate personnel, insufficient tools and equipment, poor remuneration, stigmatisation, exposure to accidents and harassment were the challenges faced by the sweepers. The benefits created by the street sweeping programme are: city beautification and aesthetics (74.6%); employment opportunity (16.6%); improved urban environmental health (6.2%), and attractiveness of the streets (2.6%).The study concluded that the street sweeping programme has made the streets sanitary and aesthetically pleasing, provided employment and raised public perception of Ado-Ekiti as a clean and healthy city. Employment of more sweepers, provision of adequate equipment, public sensitisation and attitudinal change, enforcement of environmental sanitation laws, and improved remuneration will make street sweeping a sustainable waste management strategy in Ado-Ekiti. " 1 results 1
- A survey was carried out to assess the methods of livestock and poultry wastes management in Swaziland. The survey adopted the use of questionnaires which sought for information on the types of wastes generated, types of litter materials used, methods of wastes collection, predisposal wastes treatment, wastes utilization and possible effects of the wastes on the environment. Additional information was collected through personal communication and focused group discussions during the field trips while administering the questionnaires. Points of information gathering were commercial poultry and livestock farms, homesteads, dip tanks and feedlots. The data were analysed using percentages and frequencies, and the results presented in tables. Major solid wastes generated were from animal dung, poultry droppings and litters. Saw dust was the most popularly used litter material by about 38.7% of the large scale establishments while crushed corn cob was the least used by about 5.3%. Urine and spent water from washing in milking parlours and dip tanks constituted the liquid wastes. Waste collection was by manual scrapping with spades, sweeping and floor washing using water hoses, and use of mechanical scrappers. Manual scrapping was the most predominant method for solid wastes collection. It was used by about 60% and 95.8% of the large scale establishments and homesteads respectively. Mechanical scraping was mainly used in the large scale establishments. Solid wastes were either collected and taken directly to the field for application or temporarily stored in compost pits and refuse dumps to undergo further decomposition. Only 33.3% of the homesteads had temporary dump sites. In most homesteads, kraal manure is removed during land preparation which eliminates the need for storage. About 33.3% of the large scale establishments had dump sites, 17.4% had compost pits while 16% had a combination of dumpsites and compost pits. Liquid wastes were disposed off on strip fields or adjacent streams. About 75.0% of the homesteads and 33.3% of the large scale establishments conveyed their wastes using wheel barrows while 4.2% and 26.7% respectively made use of a combination of wheel barrows and tractor trailers. All the homesteads and about 72.0% of the large scale establishments used solid wastes as fertilizers on their own farms. Liquid effluent was used for irrigation by about 5.3% of the large scale establishments. The ministry of agriculture and cooperatives is emphasizing the use of livestock wastes in fish farming while the biogas plants which were established to utilize some of the wastes have been abandoned. Respondents admitted awareness of the dangers inherent in poor livestock and poultry wastes management but only a few admitted that their management techniques constituted any hazards to the environment. Solid wastes as presently generated, collected and utilized constitute no environmental threat but the liquid discharged to streams and wet cattle that wade through streams immediately after dipping are considered potential sources of pollution. Wastes are a potential source of biogas which is being effectively utilized in many countries. The abandoned biogas pilot schemes should be reactivated. Water quality assessment should be carried out on streams to which wastes are discharged and appropriate steps taken to prevent pollution. Oxidation ponds should be constructed near dip tanks and milking parlours. More extension work is required to educate the rural populace on the use of livestock wastes for fish farming. 1 results 1
- Agro-ecological zones 1 results 1
- Agroforestry practices 1 results 1
- Conflict management 1 results 1
- Cytogenotoxicity 1 results 1
- Deforestation 1 results 1
- Economic growth 1 results 1
- Environment 1 results 1
- Environmental 1 results 1
- Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through the depletion of resources such as air, water, soil and the destruction of ecosystems. Waste management involves collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal, and monitoring of waste materials. These methods include; Source reduction, recycling, incineration, composting, landfilling, anaerobic digestion. Four major markets were selected in Eket to ascertain the quantity and type of waste generated to proposed the method of waste management. Of the total waste generated, 82% of the solid waste originate from markets and households while about 18% are from commercial and institutional or industrial premises. Of the waste from markets and households, a substantial proportion consist of various putrescible materials, paper, metal, glass, textiles, rubber, leather, wood, vegetable, dust and sand. Anaerobic digester was designed to help in this scenario. Some equations were generated for the design. Some constraints in the management of waste in Eket and potential health hazard were critically analysed. Recommendations were made for the construction of the biogas plant. 1 results 1
- Farm enterprises 1 results 1
- Forestry-related articles 1 results 1
- GIS 1 results 1
- Geographical focus, 1 results 1
- Human health impact 1 results 1
- Increased municipal solid waste generation due to rapid urbanization of Africa cities is contributing to global warming. Life-cycle assessment of municipal solid waste was carried out in two selected landfills in Ibadan, Nigeria. The environmental impact index of Global Warming Potential (GWPIOO) for two waste management scenarios: landfill and incineration were evaluated using GaBi6 package. Biodegradable components of the MS W constitute approximately 47%. The GWP for landfilling and incineration are 24.33 and 15.20 kg (C02-equivalent) respectively. In order to reduce global warming impact, incineration waste management technique is preferred to landfilling in the area of study. The methane gas emitted from landfilling could be tapped as alternative energy source for small and medium enterprises in the locality. 1 results 1
- Land degradation 1 results 1
- Landfill leachate 1 results 1
- Legal and illegal mining 1 results 1
- Life-cycle assessment 1 results 1
- Livestock waste management methods were evaluated in Oyo State where different farms were visited, structured pre-tested and peer-reviewed questionnaires were administered. The results of this study revealed that the use of animal wastes as manure for farmlands or outright dumping in the bushes, garbage sites or open lands were the most common waste disposal methods practiced by commercial poultry and livestock keepers in Oyo State. Out of all the farms sampled, 45% of the farms practiced Open lands waste disposal methods, 10% practiced sun-dried and burned animal wastes disposal methods, 14% practiced flushing wastes into nearby streams and rivers as slurry, 24% used a combination of all the three methods as space or time permits, 2% turn their waste to biogas for cooking or lightening on the farm and 5% use part of the waste as feed source for ruminants or fishes on the farm. The results showed that larger percentage of the farms does not have an environmental friendly animal waste management system and the implication is widespread air, water and land pollution 1 results 1
- Livestock wastes 1 results 1
- Medical waste 1 results 1
- Modern Health care facilities 1 results 1
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- Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 14 results 14
- IET Power Electronics 5 results 5
- Energy Science & Engineering 2 results 2
- IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics 2 results 2
- Discover Energy 1 results 1
- Earth System Science Data (ESSD) 1 results 1
- Ecological Processes 1 results 1
- Ecology and Evolution 1 results 1
- Ecosphere 1 results 1
- Energy Transitions 1 results 1
- Energy and Emission Control Technologies 1 results 1
- Environmental Systems Research 1 results 1
- GeoHealth 1 results 1
- IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy 1 results 1
- International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering 1 results 1
- Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 1 results 1
- Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 1 results 1
- Limnology and Oceanography Letters 1 results 1
- Living Reviews in Landscape Research 1 results 1
- Online Journal of Rural Research & Policy 1 results 1
- Pace Environmental Law Review 1 results 1
- Parks Stewardship Forum 1 results 1
- San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science 1 results 1
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