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THE UGBO-MAHIN CONFLICT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN ILAJE SOCIETY
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A survey of traditional and faith healers providing mental health care in three sub-Saharan African countries
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Harnessing forestry potentials in actualizing National economic empowerment development strategy
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IT STILL RECOGNISES RACE" POLITICS OF MARRIAGE AND CHALLENGE OF SOCIAL COHESION AMONGS AFRICA UNDERGRADUATES
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- Agile methods is the software development methodology and practices used in software industry in which the elements and principles of agile methods are used. Generally, the agile development process is an incremental work process that promotes the importance of customer satisfaction, collaboration, communication, teamwork, good quality and planned follow-up practices. The paper aims to discuss these issues. This paper first presents an overview of agile methods, addresses the most relevant ones for developing library management system then discusses the utilization of these methods in the context of the development of an integrated library management system presenting the case of Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan. The Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan after several attempts at automating its processes since the early 90’s eventually resolved to develop an in-house Library Automation System in 2015 using agile methods. The paper refers to definite initiatives taken to improve development processes as well as discuss the benefits and challenges when applying the agile methods in order to change traditional working culture and encourage end user participation in the building process. The following elements of agility can be considered the most effective and relevant: appreciating the needs of the customers, end-user participation and satisfaction, quality assurance, ability to redesign and make decisions fast and empowering the team, eliminating of waste. The paper finally highlights what the library can achieve by adapting a fresh approach for developing, evaluating and managing its operations and how the library staff can benefit from the agile way of working. Automation, Agile Development methods, Management, Quality, User satisfaction and University libraries 1 results 1
- Aquaculture is a multiculture of plants and animals in an aquatic environment. Thereby aquaculture is enriched through integration of formerly existing cultivation of crops cum horticultural, and /or agronomical or domesticated animals such as piggery, poultry, rabbitery or even wild domesticated animals such as guinea fowls, and cane rats. Hence, this study investigated integrated aquaculture cum horticulture as a possible tool for sustainable food production in order to ensure food security in Nigeria and alleviate poverty. The study utilized four homestead concrete tanks located at the back of my house in University of Ibadan senior staff quarters. Catfish bloodstock’s males and females were used to raise fry through fingerlings to juveniles to adult fish. Data were taken at each stage of the fish life cycle i.e. the products harvested and sales. Data on numbers of horticultural trees planted were taken and numbers of produce at harvest were recorded. These data were collated and analyzed yearly and at the end of the 10- year period. The result showed that diversification in integrated aquaculture ensures better environmental and on farm resource management which is much needed globally but much more in the developing countries for food security and poverty alleviation. At each point in time, there is one product or the other available for consumption or for sale which ensured better cash flow. During the dry season the drought was ameliorated by the availability of water for wetting the crops and incorporation of vegetables growing into the system. Horticulture cum fish farming integrated system has been adjudged recently to be a solution to drought, poor soil condition management; climate change along with unsustainable water management and farming practices. This study showed that this system is more natural and sustains better food production practice. It is capable of bringing food production closer to urban consumers who do not have access for extensive farm land and reduces the transport cost in retail food marketing. 1 results 1
- Athletes 1 results 1
- Available literature on Ilaje society has been concerned with the legal framework of colonial rule, indigenous political structure, economic development and missionary activities. There has not been any extensive study on the Ugbo-Mahin conflict and its implications for social development. This study, therefore, examined the Ugbo-Mahin conflict in Ilaje area of Ondo state with specific focus on its implications for social relations, oil exploration and compensation, infrastructural development, kingship and religious institutions. The study also investigated and interrogated the pre-conflict pattern of interactions between the Ugbo and the Mahin and how they have been affected. The principal instrument of data collection for the study was the unstructured interview. In-depth interview were held with fifty community and opinion leaders from each of the two communities. Four Focus Group Discussions were held with persons knowledgeable about the conflict. Archival materials, petition and letters of protest and photographs were used. Data were also collected from reports of government commissions of inquiry, books, journals, newspapers and internet materials. The data were then subjected to content analysis. The Ugbo and Mahin had friendly relationship before the advent of colonial rule. The Ugbo-Mahin conflict dated back to the colonial period and is carried into contemporary times. The conflict has led to destruction of lives and property in the area. Different ethnic unions of parallel functions have emerged in the two communities. These unions have used their rivalry to stall industrial development by demanding separately for improved social life. The Ugbo-Mahin incessant conflicts have, thus, undermined development in the two communities such that there are no industrial estates, manufacturing companies and large business investment. The conflict has further put stress on marital harmony between the two groups. However, the conflict has not escalated into unmanageable situation because of the activities of the Ilaje Youth Forum, the National Association of Ilaje Students and Egbe OmoIlaje who are responsible for peace building and reconciliation of all aggrieved parties in both communities. In spite of the efforts of these associations, the marginalization of the Mahin in the compensation on oil spillage and other ecological problems occasioned by the oil exploration in Ugboland and the discrimination against them in appointment of representatives to oil commissions are some of the factors inhibiting sustainable peace and development. The Ugbo-Mahin conflict over the years had done incalculable damage and has not allowed harmonious relationship between two ethnic groups. There is a need for the promotion of non-violent means in managing the conflict and facilitation of peace education in the society. Both of which aim at psycho-social healing and psychological transformation towards peaceful co-existence in the two communities. There is need for the encouragement of inter-marriages and cultural re-integration of the two groups. 1 results 1
- Background: Palliative and End-of-Life (EoL) care nursing is the active total care of patients with advanced illness. The goal of this approach to care is the achievement of the best quality of life for patients and their families. No member of the interdisciplinary team is more central to making these discoveries possible than the nurse. Care of patients with life-limiting diseases and dealing with death and dying is an integral part of oncology musing. In environments of best practice, nurses routinely identify and suggest patients to physicians for possible referral to palliative care and discuss potential referrals with families. Though studies from other parts of the globe had reported levels of knowledge and practice of palliative and EoL care amongst nurses; there is dearth of literature emanating from Nigeria, specifically on the knowledge and practice of palliative and EoL care nursing by professional nurses. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the few that have been published in Nigeria, focused mainly on knowledge of palliative care among healthcare workers. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and reported practice of palliative and EoL care nursing by nurses working at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria; in a bid to inform where gap in knowledge to practice may exist. Methods: This is a descriptive study utilizing cross-sectional design, 650 nurses in various nursing cadres, who were participating in the monthly continuing education program organized by the In- Service Education (ISE) department of UCH for nurses, over a period of twelve months. With the aid of a validated semi -structured questionnaire, information was elicited from the participants on demographic variables, education and training profile, and contents of nursing education curricula, years of working experience among others. On a 5-point Likert scale, their knowledge and principles of palliative and end-of-life care nursing were assessed. Their reported practice was also assessed. Results: The sample of 650 nurses was made up of 155(23.8%) university graduates and 495(76.2) diploma-prepared nurses. Three hundred and sixty four (32%) of the participants had component of palliative care nursing in their curricula, while 327(50.3%) had components of palliative care nursing and pain management in their curricula. Fifty-four (4.7%) had formal palliative care training post- qualification. Majority (81.2%) of the respondents claimed they apply the knowledge and principles of palliative care in their current practice. A little above fifty-nine percent (59.2%) had good knowledge of palliative care. However, the practice of some was poor (40.0%) and many (29.2%) also had poor attitude towards provision of palliative and EoL care to patients who are approaching EoL; evidenced by their inappropriate responses to the related questions. Conclusion: This study identified gaps in nursing knowledge and reported practice as it relates to palliative and EoL care nursing in the management of life-limiting diseases, such as cancer. It has provided the authors with baseline data that will be used to generate additional studies to further advocate for the need to integrate palliative and EoL care nursing components into nursing education curricula, both at the university and diploma levels. Our findings suggest a need for urgent review of nursing education curricula in Nigeria at both levels, and the input of all stakeholders especially the Nursing & Midwifery Council of Nigeria 1 results 1
- Background: Traditional and faith healers constitute an important group of complementary and alternative mental health service providers (CAPs) in sub-Sahara Africa. Governments in the region commonly express a desire to integrate them into the public health system. The aim of the study was to describe the profile, practices and distribution of traditional and faith healers in three sub-Saharan African countries in great need for major improvements in their mental health systems namely Ghana, Kenya and Nigeria. Materials and methods: A mapping exercise of CAPs who provide mental health care was conducted in selected catchment areas in the three countries through a combination of desk review of existing registers, engagement activities with community leaders and a snowballing technique. Information was collected on the type of practice, the methods of diagnosis and the forms of treatment using a specially designed proforma. Results: We identified 205 CAPs in Ghana, 406 in Kenya and 82 in Nigeria. Most (> 70%) of the CAPs treat both physical and mental illnesses. CAPs receive training through long years of apprenticeship. They use a combination of herbs, various forms of divination and rituals in the treatment of mental disorders. The use of physical restraints by CAPs to manage patients was relatively uncommon in Kenya (4%) compared to Nigeria (63.4%) and Ghana (21%). CAPs often have between 2- to 10-fold capacity for patient admission compared to conventional mental health facilities. The profile of CAPs in Kenya stands out from those of Ghana and Nigeria in many respects. Conclusion: CAPs are an important group of providers of mental health care in sub-Saharan Africa, but attempts to integrate them into the public health system must address the common use of harmful treatment practices. 1 results 1
- Bag fumigation 1 results 1
- Barriers 1 results 1
- Biology 1 results 1
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from solid wastes is a major contributor to the acceleration of global warming. In Nigeria, CO2 capture has been limited to the energy sector only. There is need to explore the reduction of CO2 emissions from solid wastes through appropriate technologies. This study, therefore was designed to assess CO2 extraction by adsorbents in a Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management facility in Akure, Nigeria. An exploratory study design with an intervention component was adopted. For a year, wastes brought to the MSW facility from three locations viz: markets, residences and roadside, were characterised and quantified monthly. Chemical characteristics of the wastes were determined using standard methods. Carbon-dioxide emissions were estimated from the MSW composition using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change tools. Air CO2 levels were monitored during the dry and wet seasons using a P-Sense Plus CO2 meter AZ-7755(PSPCM) and seasonal variations computed. A CO2 extractor which uses adsorbents consisting of Sawdust + Potassium Hydroxide (SKH), Sawdust + Sodium Hydroxide (SSH) and Sawdust + Calcium Hydroxide (SCH), all at ratio1:1, was designed and fabricated. The adsorbents were integrated into the equipment to capture CO2 from 5 kg samples of solid wastes burnt under controlled conditions with five replicates for each adsorbents during each test. The potential CO2 in the solid wastes was determined by ultimate analysis, while the concentration of CO2 adsorbed was obtained by finding the difference between the concentration of the CO2 at the inlet and outlet chambers of the extractor measured with the PSPCM. The effectiveness of the extractor combined with the adsorbents was determined by comparing the adsorbed CO2 with the potential CO2. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at The mean monthly wastes generation from the three locations were 1,004,130.8+742,394.6 kg (biodegradable wastes), 1,322,831.0+810,634.9 kg (plastics) and 1,330,813.5+400,412.4 kg (paper). The mean values for the chemical constituents of these wastes for the three locations, residential, roadside and market respectively were Nitrogen 2.7+0.6, 2.1+0.8 and 3.4+0.7%; Phosphorus 0.10+0.03, 0.10+0.03 and 0.10+0.04% and Carbon 53.2+1.4, 53.1+1.8 and 53.1+1.5%, with no significant difference within the groups. The estimated CO2 emissions was 1.2 Gg/Yr. The ambient CO2 levels ranged between 438.0+7.2 and 630.0+124.5 ppm in the dry season, and 407.3+11.3 and 506.9+71.1 ppm for the wet season. The mean potential CO2 in the solid wastes was 160.0+ 42.0 ppm. The mean CO2 adsorbed were 99.0+24.0 ppm, 45.0+24.1 ppm and 30.0+13.0 ppm for SKH, SSH and SCH respectively. The effectiveness of SKH in the capture of CO2 was 61.9 % as against 20.8 % and 18.8 % by SSH and SCH, respectively. The selected adsorbents were effective in capturing carbon dioxide. Incorporation of Sawdust + Potassium Hydroxide improves the effectiveness of carbon dioxide extraction in the solid waste management facility. 1 results 1
- Carbon dioxide adsorption 1 results 1
- Carbon dioxide emissions 1 results 1
- Coastal groundwater 1 results 1
- Communal conflict 1 results 1
- Conflict management, 1 results 1
- Definition, integration, management, organisational benefits, employee assistance programmes 1 results 1
- Digital Technologies 1 results 1
- Disposition 1 results 1
- Efforts to integrate rural people into biodiversity conservation through community-based conservation programs is an old tradition. These efforts were largely based on economic incentives, with little or no attention given to the role of culture and traditions in building support for conservation. Although these strategies are useful in promoting conservation and local empowerment, they are still fragile. Scholars suggest that incorporation of traditional values which reflect locally important cultural practices of the people into the management of conservation areas in Africa will help in their successful conservation. There is a strong need to assess cultural practices; traditional laws and taboos of the people in protected areas, and how they have assisted conservation in the past. To understand how such practices could be strengthened and incorporated into natural resources management and conservation strategies, there is a need to have a general overview of existing practices. The study analyzes the ways in which cultural practices and value systems of the people of Oban Sector of Cross River National Park Nigeria, have aided conservation in the past and how such practices can be encouraged, strengthened and replicated for sustainable natural resources management in the study area and possibly proposed for adoption elsewhere. Ten cultural institutions and seven laws and taboos which regulate the use of resources were recorded in the area. These laws and taboos were respected by all indigenes. Eleven animal species were found to be forbidden by the people. Some of the tabooed animals were for spiritual reasons while some were for medicinal purposes. Every community had sacred forests, called Mgbe forest (Eten Mgbe) The social organizations in the area ensured that these taboos are obeyed. Presence of other tribes, new religions/westernization, use of modern hunting equipments and poverty pose a threat to the effectiveness of these taboos as a conservation tool. Adaptation of some aspects of these taboos may be valuable for wildlife conservation, particularly in protected areas. 1 results 1
- Efforts to integrate rural people into biodiversity conservation through community-based conservation programs is an old tradition. These efforts were largely based on economic incentives, with little or no attention given to the role of culture and traditions in building support for conservation. Although these strategies are useful in promoting conservation and local empowerment, they are still fragile. Scholars suggest that incorporation of traditional values which reflect locally important cultural practices of the people into the management of conservation areas in Africa will help in their successful conservation. There is a strong need to assess cultural practices; traditional laws and taboos of the people in protected areas, and how they have assisted conservation in the past. To understand how such practices could be strengthened and incorporated into natural resources management and conservation strategies, there is a need to have a general overview of existing practices. The study analyzes the ways in which cultural practices and value systems of the people of Oban Sector of Cross River National Park Nigeria, have aided conservation in the past and how such practices can be encouraged, strengthened and replicated for sustainable natural resources management in the study area and possibly proposed for adoption elsewhere. Ten cultural institutions and seven laws and taboos which regulate the use of resources were recorded in the area. These laws and taboos were respected by all indigenes. Eleven animal species were found to be forbidden by the people. Some of the tabooed animals were for spiritual reasons while some were for medicinal purposes. Every community had sacred forests, called Mgbe forest (Eten Mgbe) The social organizations in the area ensured that these taboos are obeyed. Presence of other tribes, new religions/westernization, use of modern hunting equipments and poverty pose a threat to the effectiveness of these taboos as a conservation tool. Adaptation of some aspects of these taboos may be valuable for wildlife conservation, particularly in protected areas 1 results 1
- Ensuring that employees work with their greatest potential to enhance productivity and efficiency are inhibited and restricted by physical and psychological problems. These problems come in the form of depression, sickness, disability, stress, burnout, absenteeism, and presenteeism. Work organisations can reduce or eliminate these problems through employees assistance programme (EAP). EAP typically provides screening, assessment, brief intervention, referrals to other services, and case managements with longitudinal follow up for these problems. This paper looked at the historical evolution of EAPs, functions of EAPs, the need for the establishment of EAPs in the workplace and the main types of EAPs which are classified based on the users, namely: individual, managerial/supervisory, organisational and administrative services. The paper also looked at the roles of EAPs to individual, managers and the organization. The paper established that EAP practitioners provide consulting services to managers and supervisors regarding employee performance and serve as behavioural consultants to corporate leaders when unexpected events occur. It helps employees to obtain help with problems that can/are affecting work, family and their well-being. Early uses of EAPs contributed to the prevention of serious problems for the individual employee, family and employer. Finally, positive organizational culture, improved morals, attraction of top talents, increased job commitment and increased job satisfaction are guaranteed when EAPs are efficiently and effectively utilised. It is recommended that the identification, integrating EAPs will enhance employees and workplace effectiveness in becoming vital tool for maintaining and improving worker health and productivity, retaining valued employees, and returning employees to work after illness or injuries. Furthermore, the establishment of EAPs will confer the following benefits to the organisation: productive employees, low rate of absenteeism, better job climates and organisational morale, less inter-group conflicts. 1 results 1
- FORESTRY, AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES and LANDSCAPE PLANNING::Animal production::Animal nutrition and management 1 results 1
- Facilitators 1 results 1
- Food security 1 results 1
- Forest policy, 1 results 1
- Friendships 1 results 1
- Gender involvement, 1 results 1
- Health care delivery 1 results 1
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