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SMS spam detection and classification to combat abuse in telephone networks using natural language processing
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Evaluation of dietary supplementation of ammonium sulphate on in vitro gas production and rumen fermentation characteristics of WAD ewes
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LEAST-COST RATIGNS FOR BROILERS - A LINEAR PROGRAMMING APFROACH
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- This research work examined the effects and constraints of Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) in Nigerian Libraries: A case study of. Kenneth Dike Library and University of Lagos Library. The research design is a case study and data was gathered from randomly selected students over a period of one week. Out of a total of 200 questionnaires used,a total of 190-were returned out of which 164 were found useful. Frequency counts and simple percentage were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study showed that the major effects of OPAC is that it allows users to search the library's collection from location outside the library walls: it provides users with timely access to library materials: it encourages cooperative collections development and resource sharing and power failure was also indicated as one of the numerous problems facing the utilization of OPAC in Nigeria Libraries. From the findings of the study, conclusions and recommendations were made. 2 results 2
- "In this work, three models are used to analyze the electric load capacity of a fast growing urban city and to estimate its future consumption. Ikorodu, the case-study location is a highly populated city whose energy demand is continuously increasing. The ultimate focus of this study is to establish a basis for the comparison of different electric load consumption for the existing populace and to provide estimates for the future planning of the city. In this work, three different models have been used to present more accurate load predictions and to enhance proper comparison of results. Among numerous mathematical and scientific models that are applicable to this kind of task, the compound-growth method, the linear model approach and the cubic model have been chosen to enhance diversity in load analysis. The futuristic scheme to be harnessed will fall within the ranges of values obtained from the three different models used in forecasting. This paper concludes with issues pertaining to economics of load utilization as it affects substantive planning. " 1 results 1
- "Simulation of reliable solutions of nonlinear engineering problems by means of stable numerical algorithms is a frequent and acceptable practice. This study focuses the development and investigation of Runge-Kutta coefficients dependent stability polynomial for the second, third and fourth orders Runge-Kutta schemes. The development utilized matrix inversion operation procedure that involves determinant and cofactors computation of relevant matrix. The validation was made referencing the standard result of [1] and extended to several cases. The resulting polynom ials obtained consist of combination of the scheme coefficients with increasing power of time step that follows a rhyme pattern.The validation test case result agreed perfectly with test standard result. Selected studied version of different schemes shows wide variation in the shape of stability curve and region bounded. It is interesting to note that the popular second, third and•fourth order schemes have stability curve that bounded larger region than their respective counterpart. It is concluded that the study results can be utilized as reliable platform for stability analysis for different versions of the second, third and fourth order schemes. " 1 results 1
- "This work investigated the control of chaotic behavior of a harmonically perturbed Duffing Oscillator using vibration absorber. The systems of two degrees of freedom governing equations were simulated numerically using classical fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithm for a constant time step. The solution time history, phase plots and Poincare maps were used to validate the simulation. Essentially, the details of the' Poincare map were used numerically to determine the periodicity of Duffing oscillator for spectrum of mass ratio at a constant step of 0.001. The time history, phase plots and the Poincare at mass ratio (µ), absorber parameters (αa), and amplitude of excitation (Fo) are in agreement with what is obtained in open literature. The chaotic response of the Duffing-Absorber system at αa= 1.1, Fo = 0.21: and, taken respectively. The Duffing and the absorber initial conditions to be (1.0,0.0) and (0.0, 0.0), this chaotic response was rendered periodic for some selected mass ratio (0≤µ≤1.0) Specifically, periods 1, 2 and 4 were obtained at µ= 0.208; these periodic responses were obtained at respective values αa=1.1, αa=I.7803 and αa= 1.7595. In this work, eighty percent of the mass ratio selected did ensure that the chaotic behaviour of the Duffing-Absorber system is rendered periodic. This work demonstrated the practical utility of vibration absorber as a chaotic oscillations control tool by the mass ratio approach; and having a recorded success of about eighty percent. " 1 results 1
- Aims: In developing countries, the major mechanism by which parturients cope with labor pain is psychological. This study aims to assess the effect of ethnicity on the perception of pain by parturients in labor at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between the 1 November 2006 and the 30 March 2007 at the University College Hospital Ibadan. The main outcome measure was pain perception assessed by the Box Numerical Scale (BNS). Univariate analysis was by t-test for continuous variables and c2 test for categorical variables. The multiple linear regression method was utilized for multivariate analysis. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The lowest adjusted mean BNS score was found in theYoruba ethnic group: they had scores lower than the mean scores for the other ethnic groups (-0.636 [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.959, -0.313]). The presence of a doula also reduced the mean BNS scores significantly (-0.533 [95% CI -0.844, -0.222]. Increasing parity also reduced pain scores (-0.182 [95% CI -0.342, -0.022]). Increasing educational attainment increased pain scores in labor (0.189 [95% CI 0.017, 0.361]). The influence of increasing age was not statistically significant in this model. In conclusion, ethnicity of the parturient relative to that of the predominant ethnicity in the place of birth has a significant effect on the perception of labor pain by the parturient. In our resource-challenged environment, trained doulas may help make labor less painful for the parturient 1 results 1
- Ammonium sulphate 1 results 1
- Ammonium sulphate (AS) is widely used as a feed additive for animals. It is generally used to provide supplemental sulphur to the diet, particularly in diets containing non-protein nitrogen sources. This study assessed the growth and reproductive performance of Yankasa rams fed diets supplemented with different levels of ammonium sulphate. Ammonium sulphate was added at 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5g/kg of the concentrate diet as T0, T0.5, T1.0 and T1.5 respectively. Each treatment had four replicates while semen was collected once from all replicates in the treatments. Rams were fed experimental diets for 70 days. The parameters determined were: feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, mass activity, motility, livability, sperm volume, sperm concentration, scrotal circumference and length. There were significant differences in the feed intake, body weight gain and the feed conversion ratio of the West African dwarf rams fed the supplemented diets. The rams fed diet T1.0 had the highest feed intake and body weight gain of 403.75g/day and 195.83g/day respectively above other treatments. The FCR in T1.0 was the lowest at 2.11 below 6.68 (T0) There was significant difference in the sperm concentration (x10(6)spz/ml) with T1.5 (160.25) having the highest while T0 (136.00) had the lowest. The total sperm ejaculate follow the same trend as sperm concentration with the lowest value recorded in T0 (98.95) while T1.5 (151.65) had the highest value. There were no significant differences in the values recorded for the scrotal circumference and length, however, scrotal weight, total testicular weight, scrotal length and scrotal circumference values in T1.5 was numerically higher than other treatments. It can be concluded that inclusion of ammonium sulphate in the feed of rams at 1.0g/kg enhanced the efficiency of feed utilization and improved the semen quality positively. 1 results 1
- Ammonium sulphate, a chemical compound was utilized to evaluate its potential through in vitro gas production technique and rumen fermentation characteristics as a rumen stimulator and mitigates methane gas. Four experimental diets were formulated with ammonium sulphate (AS) included at varying levels: T1 (control/0% AS), T2 (control diet + 0.25% AS), T3 (control diet + 0.50% AS) and T4 (control diet + 0.75% AS). Rumen fluid was collected from the ewes, sixteen in number and weighing 24 kg averagely, using suction tube method to evaluate in vitro gas production, determine microbial population and rumen fermentation characteristics. Gas production was determined over a 96 hour period. Other data collected included organic matter digestibility (OMD%), short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA μml), Metabolisable Energy (ME MJ/KJ DM), Degradability (D%), Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA), rumen pH, temperature and ammonia nitrogen (AN). Results showed no significant differences (p>0.05) for in vitro gas production profiles (i.e. total gas, OMD, ME, SCFA). However, as inclusion increased it stimulated the parameters measured to be numerically higher than control. Methane gas was highest for control diet (4 ml/200 mg DM) while T2 recorded the least (2 ml/200 mg DM). Degradability increased as the inclusion level of AS increased. Control diet was the lowest (32%) while T4 had the highest (45%). The rumen fermentation characteristics showed significant (p<0.05) differences for all the parameters measured except rumen temperature. Animals on T4 diet recorded the highest (p<0.05) pH value (6.85) while those on T2 diet had the least (6.53). Animals on Control diet recorded the highest values (p<0.05) for AN and acetic acid (100.40 mg/l and 8.98 mol/100L) while the least values were observed in animals on T2 diet (AN) and those on T4 (acetic acid). Increase inclusion of AS caused a decrease in acetic acid. Rumen bacteria was highest (p<0.05) in animals on T4 (1.40 x 10(6)cfu/mm(3)) and lowest in those on T3 (0.65 x 10(6)cfu/mm(3)). For fungi and protozoa, animals on T4 and T2 diets were higher (p<0.05) respectively than those on Control diet (1.15 and 1.09 x 10(6)cfu/mm(3) compared to 1.10 and 0.85 x 10(6)cfu/mm(3) respectively). Supplementation of AS has been validated by this study, with a 0.75% inclusion level resulting in lowest methane gas, and higher ME, SCFA, pH, bacteria and fungi and may be recommended for ruminant feeding. 1 results 1
- Analgesia 1 results 1
- Auditory and non-auditory problem 1 results 1
- Automation 1 results 1
- BERT model 1 results 1
- Background: The impetus behind wildlife geophagy has not only remained a mystery but continued to gain scientists attention lately. To this day, lucking around natural saltlicks (NSs) for hunting or poaching on geophagic animals is not uncommon among hunters, especially in a protected area. Although, hunters’ reasons for doing so may seem obvious but their experience over the years had not only suffered neglect but also lack of documentation. Perhaps, understanding this experience may help unravel the geophagic impetus. This study therefore focused on the collection of information on the existing knowledge of hunter-wildlife-saltlick relationships in Old Oyo National Park (OONP). Materials and Methods: Data were collected by interviewing 18 respondents (3 workers of OONP and 15 hunters) using purposive, snow ball and convenient sampling techniques. Information gathered from the interview was subjected to thematic content analysis and was followed up by observation method. Result: The result revealed 36 locations (including Wawa, Ajaku, Ibuya, Toka, Olotaara, Olopekan, Odo koko, Ayinta, Eleekan, Ipade aaye, Alalegba, Agbon eerin, Igbo alata, Aladere, Tofolo e.t.c) that were thought to contain numerous NSs in the park. Apart from hunters and wildlife (like giant rat, kob, waterbuck, bushbuck, duiker, baboon) which directly utilize NSs, some members of the community (especially pregnant women of certain family) also utilize the NSs indirectly. Conclusion: Hunters have verse knowledge of NSs of OONP than have been envisaged and their experience is too important to be neglected. This suggests the importance of considering knowledge of members of the community for incorporation in formulating conservation policy for protected areas. 1 results 1
- Box numerical scale 1 results 1
- Consistent exposure to sound generated by mobile phone have continued to pose threat on the human hearing functions. Adolescents are more likely than any other group to utilize the device for music playing functions, continued calls and other numerous functions. Thus, this study therefore, investigated the auditory and non- auditory effect of consistent-use of mobile telephone among adolescents in Ibadan Metropolis. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design. The sample of the study comprised 500 participants purposively selected. Data were analyzed using percentage, frequency and chi-square. The findings indicated that 11% of the participants had a notched hearing pattern, while 46.6% had a rising hearing pattern. 14.6%> of the participants claimed having ear pain after the use of mobile phone for calls and other listening purposes, while 12.6 % claimed having headache after prolong use of mobile telephony for music playing functions. The findings indicated that a number of the participants experienced both auditory and non-auditory problems due to consistent exposure to noise emanated from mobile phone. Based on the findings, it was recommended that prolong use of mobile phone especially for listening purpose and music playing functions should be reduced. Also, awareness campaigns on the dangers of consistent-use of mobile telephone should be instituted. 1 results 1
- Convex cut battles 1 results 1
- Creativity 1 results 1
- Demographic factors 1 results 1
- Doula 1 results 1
- E-Resources 1 results 1
- Education 1 results 1
- Ejaculate 1 results 1
- Environmental Management 1 results 1
- Environmental Sciences 1 results 1
- Ewes 1 results 1
- Federal University Libraries 1 results 1
- Gifted Students 1 results 1
- Gradient boosting 1 results 1
- In the modern era, mobile phones have become ubiquitous, and Short Message Service (SMS) has grown to become a multi-million-dollar service due to the widespread adoption of mobile devices and the millions of people who use SMS daily. However, SMS spam has also become a pervasive problem that endangers users' privacy and security through phishing and fraud. Despite numerous spam filtering techniques, there is still a need for a more effective solution to address this problem [1]. This research addresses the pervasive issue of SMS spam, which poses threats to users' privacy and security. Despite existing spam filtering techniques, the high false-positive rate persists as a challenge. The study introduces a novel approach utilizing Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning models, particularly BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers), for SMS spam detection and classification. Data preprocessing techniques, such as stop word removal and tokenization, are applied, along with feature extraction using BERT. Machine learning models, including SVM, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest, are integrated with BERT for differentiating spam from ham messages. Evaluation results revealed that the Naïve Bayes classifier + BERT model achieves the highest accuracy at 97.31% with the fastest execution time of 0.3 seconds on the test dataset. This approach demonstrates a notable enhancement in spam detection efficiency and a low false-positive rate. The developed model presents a valuable solution to combat SMS spam, ensuring faster and more accurate detection. This model not only safeguards users' privacy but also assists network providers in effectively identifying and blocking SMS spam messages. 1 results 1
- In this work, 3D numerical simulation for shell and tube heat exchanger is carried out with a commercial CFD code, COMSOL Multiphysics when utilizes the continuity, momentum and energy equations. It was discovered that much of the heat transfer was due to the cross flow at the tube bundles. The pressure drop increases rapidly while trying to increase the heat transfer rate by increasing the flow rate and this was in conformity with facts from literature. Performance of two shell and tube heat exchanger models were predicted, one with standard single-segmental baffles, STHE_SS (25% standard cut) and other with convex cut baffle, STHE_CS (30% convex cut). The STHE_SS has higher heat transfer rate and higher pressure drop than the STHE_CS for range of Reynolds number studied, a better performance ratio from Re ~ 4600 over STHE SS was recorded for STHE CS 1 results 1
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