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Attitude of women towards family planning in selected rural communities of Ibadan
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In tune : leadership coaching and Hartmut Rosa’s theory of resonance by Garbini, Kirsten
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FACTORS INFLUENCING PARENTAL DECISIONS ON ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY AMONG RURAL AND URBAN-BASED PARENTS OR GUARDIANS IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
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FACTORS INFLUENCING PARENTAL DECISIONS ON ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY AMONG RURAL AND URBAN-BASED PARENTS OR GUARDIANS IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
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The socioeconomic impacts of public and private investments in infrastructure development in Burkina Faso by Ouedraogo, Yacouba
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Die kleuters van die Ned. Geref. Kerk Stellenbosch-sentraal se persepsies van lidmaatwees by Du Toit, Paul Albertus
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Adolescent pregnancy 2 results 2
- Adolescent pregnancy is an important public health problem on the increase in Nigeria. Few studies have investigated the circumstances and factors associated with parental decisions taken following an adolescent pregnancy, in spite of the implications of these on the adolescent. This study was designed to assess factors influencing parents’/guardians’ decisions on adolescent pregnancy. A mixed method study involving the use of Key Informant Interviews (KII) and semi-structured interview was conducted. A four-stage sampling technique was used to select 261 and 244 respondents from Omi-Adio (rural) and Apata (urban) communities respectively. KII were conducted with twelve parents; (six each from urban and rural settings) who has had personal experiences of a pregnant adolescent. Descriptive and Chi-square statistics, and logistic regression were used for data analysis and qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The UK Registrar general’s classification of occupation and socioeconomic status was used. Mean age of respondents from rural and urban communities were 50+9.4 years and 48+10.1 years respectively. Fifty-five percent of urban and 30.1% of rural respondents had tertiary education. More rural (70.3%) than urban respondents (35.4%) were in the low socioeconomic group. More rural (91.9%) than urban dwellers (88.9%) supported keeping an adolescent pregnancy. More urban (93.4%) than rural (76.3%) dwellers were of the view that an adolescent should continue school after delivery (p<0.05) while 25% of rural respondents and 18.0% of urban respondents mentioned that a pregnant adolescent be married to the person responsible for the pregnancy (p<0.05). Personal experience of adolescent pregnancy occurred in 17.2% and 16.4% of rural and urban respondents respectively. Adolescent pregnancy occurred in children and relations of respondents. Among rural respondents, the pregnant adolescents were either the respondents’ younger sibling (51.1%) or child (48.9%). In the urban area the pregnant adolescents were the respondents’ younger sibling (75.0%), child (20.0%) or the respondent/ his spouse (5%). More urban (85%) than rural respondents (60%) decided to keep the pregnancy (p<0.05). The decision to keep the pregnancy was mainly attributed to religious beliefs among the rural respondents (68%) and health reasons among their urban counterparts (76.5%). Urban dwellers were 5 times more likely to decide to keep the pregnancy than rural respondents (OR = 5.48, 95%CI = 1.71 - 17.59). Respondents in the high socio-economic group were less likely to decide to keep the pregnancy (OR = 0.20, 95% CI=0.06-0.65). The initial reactions of the key informant interviewees to discovery of pregnancy were disappointment. In the urban area, very few pregnant adolescents were said to have continued schooling till delivery and many of them resumed school thereafter while in the rural area, they all dropped out of school. Place of residence, socio-economic status and religion were key factors influencing decision to keep adolescent pregnancy with urban dwellers more favourably disposed than rural dwellers. Intervention programmes thus need to target those in rural areas to change their views regarding keeping of adolescent pregnancies and encouraging re-integration of adolescents that get pregnant. 2 results 2
- Codeine-containing products 2 results 2
- Dependency 2 results 2
- Opioids misuse 2 results 2
- Parental Decision 2 results 2
- Pregnancy acceptance 2 results 2
- Agricultural engineering, 1 results 1
- Attitude 1 results 1
- Background: Misuse and dependency of opioids especially codeine-containing products is of increasing global concern. Inappropriate use of opioids among healthcare students could affect quality of service and ethical conducts of these future professionals, thereby putting the society at risk. This study aimed to evaluate knowledge and perception of medical and pharmacy students in a Nigerian tertiary University on use of opioids with focus on codeine-containing products. Methods: A cross-sectional survey among 335-medical and 185-pharmacy students from University of Ibadan, Nigeria, between September and December 2018, using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 178 (34.2%) in multiple responses had used opioid-containing products among the respondents, of this, 171 (96.1%) used codeine-containing formulation. Precisely, 146 (28.1%) of the students had used codeine-containing products before, of this, 16 (11.0%) used the products for non-medical or recreational purpose regarded as a misuse/ abuse. In all, 201 (38.7%) had good knowledge of opioid use, with 51 (34.9%) among those who had used opioids and 150 (40.1%) among those who had not used opioids (X2 = 1.186; p = 0.276). Majority (469; 90.2%) had good perception of risks associated with opioid use; comprising (130; 89.0%) among those who had taken opioids and (339; 90.6%) among those who had not taken opioids before (X2 = 0.304; p = 0.508). Logistic-regression shows that students who experienced some side effects to be experienced again 22.1 [AOR = 22.1, 95% CI: (5.98–81.72)] as well as those pressured into using codeine-containing products 10.6 [AOR = 10.6, 95% CI: (1.36–82.39)] had more tendency of misuse. Conclusion: There is a potential for misuse of codeine-containing products among medical and pharmacy students. Peer-influence and experience of some side effects are possible predictors of misuse among the students. Thus, healthcare students’ curriculum should incorporate preventive programme, while public education and policy that favours peer-support programme on medication misuse is advocated for healthcare students. 1 results 1
- Background: Misuse and dependency of opioids especially codeine-containing products is of increasing global concern. Inappropriate use of opioids among healthcare students could affect quality of service and ethical conducts of these future professionals, thereby putting the society at risk. This study aimed to evaluate knowledge and perception of medical and pharmacy students in a Nigerian tertiary University on use of opioids with focus on codeine-containing products. Methods: A cross-sectional survey among 335-medical and 185-pharmacy students from University of Ibadan, Nigeria, between September and December 2018, using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 178 (34.2%) in multiple responses had used opioid-containing products among the respondents, of this, 171 (96.1%) used codeine-containing formulation. Precisely, 146 (28.1%) of the students had used codeine-containing products before, of this, 16 (11.0%) used the products for non-medical or recreational purpose regarded as a misuse/ abuse. In all, 201 (38.7%) had good knowledge of opioid use, with 51 (34.9%) among those who had used opioids and 150 (40.1%) among those who had not used opioids (X2 = 1.186; p = 0.276). Majority (469; 90.2%) had good perception of risks associated with opioid use; comprising (130; 89.0%) among those who had taken opioids and (339; 90.6%) among those who had not taken opioids before (X2 = 0.304; p = 0.508). Logistic-regression shows that students who experienced some side effects to be experienced again 22.1 [AOR = 22.1, 95% CI: (5.98–81.72)] as well as those pressured into using codeine-containing products 10.6 [AOR = 10.6, 95% CI: (1.36–82.39)] had more tendency of misuse. Conclusion: There is a potential for misuse of codeine-containing products among medical and pharmacy students. Peer-influence and experience of some side effects are possible predictors of misuse among the students. Thus, healthcare students’ curriculum should incorporate preventive programme, while public education and policy that favours peer-support programme on medication misuse is advocated for healthcare students. 1 results 1
- Cervical Cancer screening 1 results 1
- Contraceptive use 1 results 1
- Council for the regulation of engineering in Nigeria, 1 results 1
- Distance learning delivery 1 results 1
- Early agricultural engineering services required on Nigerian farms were provided by civil engineers and agronomists some of who later retrained to form the first crops of Nigerian agricultural engineers. Agricultural engineering training was substantially done overseas until about the early 1960s when local opportunities started to be available. Agricultural engineering education started with training in farm mechanization laying emphasis on tractorization in the colleges of agriculture and polytechnics, and later expanded to cover all aspects of agricultural engineering. Agricultural engineering education in Nigeria is offered by the universities, polytechnics and colleges of agriculture. Ownership and funding of tertiary institutions include the federal and state governments, private individuals and religious organizations. Quality assurance is achieved through setting of minimum academic standards and occasional programme accreditations by the Nigerian universities commission, the national board for technical education and the council for the regulation of engineering in Nigeria. Agricultural engineers are engaged in virtually all sectors of the economy. This paper discuses the historical development of agricultural engineering education in Nigeria highlighting the entry requirements, training and regulations, professional bodies and the sectors where the products are making their contributions towards the national development. It concludes by calling on all stake holders to understand and appreciate the role of the profession in national development and give it the desired support. 1 results 1
- Family planning 1 results 1
- Globally, workplace technology, the utilisation of equipment in organisations to execute tasks toincrease productivity and efficiency, has led to exponential revolution in work processes and hastremendously enhanced organisational productivity.InNigeria,particularly in food andbeverageindustry, technology has brought innovations with implications for work variables. Previous studies on workplace technology have focused on organisational productivity. However, scanty attention has been paid to the influence of workplace technology, especially on job satisfaction and commitment. This study investigated the levels of technology across workplace units and their influence on job skill, alienation, satisfaction and commitment in Nestle Societe Anonyme (S.A.)and Nigeria Brewery (NB) Plc., Lagos, Nigeria. Labour Process and Alienation theories provided a framework. A cross-sectional survey design was employed and data were collected using quantitative and qualitative approaches. Nestle S.A. and NB Plc., Lagos were purposively selected being the largest food and beverage conglomerates in Nigeria. Stratified sampling was used to select permanent staff across all cadres of both firms. A total of 447 respondents were drawn using Yamane’s (1967) sample size determination formula. Simple random sampling was used to proportionately administer questionnaire on 305 permanent staff in Nestle and 142 in NB. Thirty-eight (38) in-depth interviews were conducted with Units’ Heads: Nestle (18) NB (20). Burawoy’s (1985) model of classification of technological levels into low, medium and high was adopted. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and One-way ANOVA at p≤0.05, while qualitative data were content-analysed. The respondents’ mean age was 32.41±1.0 years, 58.2% were males, 75.0% attained tertiary education in both organisations. Low technological level units: Nestle (3.2%) while NB (19.1%); medium technological level units: Nestle (71.7%) while NB (63.8%) and high technological level units: Nestle (25.0%) while NB (12.1%). Workplace technology differently influenced job skill across the three technological level units (low: 66.75, medium: 67.81 and high: 60.30) and was statistically significant in Nestle S.A.Workplace technology differently influenced job alienation across the three technological level units (low: 33.86, medium: 35.82 and high: 37.35) and was statistically insignificant in NB Plc. Workplace technology differently influenced job satisfaction across the three technological level units (low: 45.42, medium: 43.34 and high: 41.38) and was statistically significant in Nestle S.A. Workplace technology differently influenced job commitment across the three technological level units (low: 18.58, medium: 18.65 and high: 16.37) and was statistically significant in Nestle S.A.Technological transition decreased job skill. Departure from low-speed line to high-speed line and Information and Technology-support equipment decreased job alienation. Evolution of food and beverage analysers from manual to semi-automation and full-automation decreased job satisfaction and job commitment. Workplace technology decreased job skill, satisfaction and commitment in Nestle and Nigeria Brewery but alienation was not established in both organisations. Therefore, workers’ adaptation to the emerging challenges from workplace technology should be facilitated through capacity-building programmes. 1 results 1
- Information and communication technology 1 results 1
- Internet accessibility 1 results 1
- Introduction: Cervical cancer is an important reproductive health problem Tor women in the developing countries where it constitutes 13% of all female malignancies. It is the second most common cancer in women worldwide and 83 percent of the world’s 500,000 new cases and 85 percent of the 288,000 cervical cancer deaths occur in developing countries. Evidences show that women attending various health facilities were not routinely screened for cervical cancer. Gynaecological clinics present an important access to target group for cervical cancer screening. This study assessed the barriers to uptake of cervical cancer screening services among women attending a gynaecological clinic of a tertiary health i a tertiary health facility in South West region of Nigeria, the most populous black country of the world. Methodology Adopting a descriptive cross-sectional approach and Health Belief Model (HBM), women aged 15 49 years attending gynaecological clinic at the health institution were interviewed. The respondents were selected using systematic random sampling technique and interviewed using a specially designed structured questionnaire. Barrier to uptake of cervical cancer screening services was defined as significant when the number of the respondents in' the “agree” and “strongly agree” domains to the selected reasons for not screening for cervical cancer are at least 50%. Results Of the 100 respondents interviewed, 85 responses were found suitable for analysis. The mean age of the respondents was 33.3 (SD±8.6) years. Although a large proportion of the respondents (77.1%) were aware of cervical cancer, 95.2% with at least secondary education and 51.9% earning at least N50,000/month, only 23 (27.1%) had undergone the screening for cervical cancer. Age > 44 years and earning > N100,000/month were positively and significantly associated with uptake of cervical cancer screening. The significant reasons for not screening for cervical cancer by the respondents were Lack of information/counselling (77.4%), Lack of convenient clinic time (62.9%), Fear of having a positive result (61.3%), Lack of support from partners and significant others is a barrier (56.5%) and Attitude of health workers discourage women from assessing cervical cancer screening (51.6%) Conclusion It can be concluded from this this study that there is need for need for regular information on cervical screening at every opportunity for the populations that will benefit from this preventive service like women of reproductive age group attending our obstetric services. There is an urgent need for provision of more screening opportunities especially the type that will have population coverage and to leverage on other programmes like family planning services, post-natal clinic services and HIV/AIDS programmes. Screening services should be available in all secondary facilities and primary health care centres. Reminder/Recall services should be in place to ensure compliance with appointments in order to increase utilization 1 results 1
- Medical 1 results 1
- Medical and pharmacy students 1 results 1
- National universities commission, 1 results 1
- Perceived Barriers 1 results 1
- Perceived benefits 1 results 1
- Perceived side effect 1 results 1
- Pharmacy students 1 results 1
- The Nigerian government adopted the distance learning approach to increase access to tertiary education. However, studies have been limited to implementation efforts with little focus on learning delivery modalities. This study, therefore, examined the delivery and performance of internet-mediated distance learning in selected Nigerian universities. Based on structuration theory, the study adopted survey research design. Three universities with established distance learning programme supported with ICT were selected; these were University of Ibadan (UI), University of Lagos (UNILAG) and National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN). Using multistage sampling procedures, a semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 179 (UI), 230 (UNILAG) and 461 (NOUN) proportionately selected students to obtain data on socio-economic characteristics (e.g. age, gender, occupation, marital status), knowledge and usage of internet and effect of virtual education on learning. Copies of another set of questionnaire were administered to 35 (UI), 72 (UNILAG) and 93 (NOUN) purposively selected tutors that identified the possible effects of internet-mediated learning. Eighteen FGD’s were conducted to the students based on their level of studies to identify challenges that may impede adoption of internet-mediated learning. Nine KII and IDI were conducted with policy makers and distance learning administrators respectively on viability of internet approach to learning. A non-participant structured observation method was further deployed to check the adequacy of facilities available in the three universities. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square and ordinal regression tests while qualitative data were content analysed. The age of the students was 34.5±9.6 years, 57.8% were females, 26.8% were married, and 62.2% were employed. Learning increased with higher internet accessibility (x^2=64.8;df=1<0.05). Higher knowledge of internet informed better capability (x^2=55.6; df=1;p<0.05). Internet usefulness, and ease of use jointly explained 37.8% of variance in internet usage (Ϝ=0.869)=25.60;R^2=0.48; p<0.001). The NOUN learners indicated higher level of internet skill (R^2=2.48) than those from UI (R^2=2.18) and UNILAG (R^2=2.15). Students indicated that internet bridged communications and blurred boundaries but encouraged a strong move towards individualization and significantly affected interactions and interface between academics and learners. Number of male academics (60.5%) was almost twice the number of female (39.5%) academics. Internet-mediated teaching improved professional practice 53.4%, (UI), 46.2% (NOUN), 43.6% (UNILAG); support research 66.0% (UI), 53.0% (NOUN), 31% (UNILAG) and preparation of teaching materials 30.3% (UI), 28.3% (NOUN), 53.8% (UNILAG). Limitation to the use of internet was, however, associated with deficient infrastructural facilities 43.1%, (UI), 59.4% (NOUN), 47.3% (UNILAG); and inadequate technical trainings 58.3%, (UI), 56.3% (NOUN), 47.1% (UNILAG). Distance learning-mediated by internet was perceived to be more effective for supporting knowledge acquisition, skills and competences. Administrators and policy makers strongly argued that internet-mediated learning was a priority. Result indicated that poor infrastructural facilities, resistance to change and inadequate manpower inhibit non-integration of internet. The use of internet in distance learning has enhanced learning delivery in the sampled universities. Its usage should be strongly encouraged. 1 results 1
- The immediate need to control the high fertility rates among women in the rural part of Nigeria has attracted the interest of scholars in the academic world. Lots have been done by international agencies and other stakeholders to encourage the use of family planning methods among women both in rural and urban areas of developing countries including Nigeria. This notwithstanding, there still exist a great challenge of unmet needs regarding family planning especially in the rural part of Ibadan as the desired attitudinal and behavioral changes towards family planning is yet to be achieved. This study attempts to examine the attitude of women from selected rural areas in Ibadan towards family planning using the Health Belief Model and Social Action as frameworks for explanation. The qualitative and quantitative methods of research were employed with a survey of 136 randomly selected mothers from 5 rural communities in Ibadan, 15 IDI', 5 KIIs and 5 FGDs. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences was utilized in analyzing the quantitative data, while the qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The study revealed that the socio-economic status of mothers significantly influenced their attitude towards family planning. Most of the women had only primary education and more women had no formal education compared to those who had secondary and tertiary education, hence few of them displayed positive attitude towards family planning methods. Majority of the women hardly gave birth in hospitals and depended on their husbands to decide what ever method will be used to space or limit the number of children they will have. The study also revealed that women perceived benefits of family planning as measures: to control population, reduce infant and maternal mortality and also make mothers healthy and strong after child birth. However, these were learnt after they had given birth to more than four children in other places aside the hospitals. The study recommends that couples in rural areas be encouraged to make effective use of contraceptives and adequately educated to appreciate the essence of utilizing family planning methods in order to give birth to quality children. Ante-natal and delivery cost should be highly subsidized in rural areas for women to be encouraged to give birth in the hospitals from the very first child and learn about family planning methods. It was also recommended that family planning programmes that will attract couples to increase their knowledge and positively influence their attitudes towards practicing family planning especially in the rural parts of Ibadan be sponsored and supported by the government 1 results 1
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