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CHANGING CHILD-REARING PRACTICES AMONG YORUBA PARENTS IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
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- Adolescence is marked by progression from the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics to sexual and reproductive maturity. Curiosity about bodily changes is heightened. However, adolescents' perceived sexuality education needs have been poorly documented. A survey of 989 adolescents from 24 North-Eastern Nigerian secondary schools yielded information on socio-demographic characteristics, reproductive health knowledge, sexual activities and sexuality education needs. Of the interviewed respondents, 72% of females had experienced menstruation. Overall, 9% were sexually active, 3.1% knew when ovulation occurs, 47% knew pregnancy could result from first coitus and 56% knew of contraception. 84% opined that adolescents should be given sexuality education but only 48.3% had received any. Sexuality education should be provided for in-school adolescents through their preferred and reliable sources of information. 2 results 2
- Farmers 2 results 2
- Gender 2 results 2
- "Psychosocial factors. 1 results 1
- "This paper explains that Yoruba language is a medium of instruction as stipulated by the National Policy on Education, at pre-primary and primary levels. Despite this importance as a language of instruction and a school subject, many factors militate against its effective teaching. Intervention by scholars, using many strategies has not yielded the needed improvement as poor performance in the subject persists. This paper therefore focused on teacher-related variables such as teacher competence and attitude. It also explains the relationship of these to achievement in Yoruba language. Three research questions were raised and three instruments (Achievement Test in Yoruba Language, r=0.78; Teacher Competence Scale, r=0.81; Teacher Attitude to Yoruba Language Questionnaire, r=0.89) were used to collect data. Two hundred and fifty (250) participants in five public senior secondary schools in Ibadan North-West Local Government were involved in the study. Data collected were analyzed using frequency count, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and multiple regressions. Findings revealed that there was a positive relationship between teacher competence in Yoruba and students' achievement (r=0.532, N=250, P<0.05). There was significant relationship between teacher attitude to Yoruba and students' achievement (r=0.711,N=250,P<0.05). Besides, there was 71% variation in the dependent variable as a result of the interaction of teachers' competence and attitude to Yoruba language. It is recommended that teachers of Yoruba language should master the subject, adopt effective teaching strategies and be organized while teaching the subject . " 1 results 1
- 'Theatre Arts' is essentially a visual arts discipline in which the elements of architecture, scenography and technology play very significant roles. However, these areas and aspects have suffered neglect, in the past, in the arena of Nigerian scholarship. Consequently, the present study aims at a historico-critical evaluation, analysis and documentation of the development and functions in the contemporary Nigerian theatre, as witnessed especially in and at Ibadan in the past twelve decades in broad terms and since 1948 (the founding year of the University of Ibadan) in particular. If there was in the pastan authentic African (especially Nigerian) theatre, then there ought to have been a corresponding typical and unique African theatre performance space form. Therefore there is a need to rediscover that form. But if the traditional African-particularly Nigerian theatre had had no unique and typical performance stage or space form, other than the village square, market place and the Kings' palaces, then it has to be accepted that the modern (present-day) architectural theatre forms of Africa and in particular of Nigeria have been imposed or have evolved from the cross currents of contacts with Western civilization and foreign influences and, therefore, they are basically foreign and of non- African origin. Consequently, the present search for a new theatre form, architecturally, would yield better results if the merger of the traditional and western modern architecture employing modern technology in equipping them to achieve flexibility, adaptability and timelessness could be pursued. In order to achieve that, what one has to do now is to critically examine the functionality of the present spaces and modify or refurbish them to suit the demands of the contemporary Nigerian theatre. However, most ideal would be the conception, design and realisation of new structures along the lines of new and long attested aesthetic principles and the results of technological researches arising from age-old experiments, new aspirations, current trends and future speculations. Since the arts and the sciences have always been the bedrock of human spiritual, psychological and economic development, and since technology has always aided the attainment of socio-political growth, technology, borrowed or developed, invented or transferred, has a great role to play in the development of Nigerian theatre. Hence, the investigation of its impact in the Nigerian theatre is a necessary and perhaps an inevitable task. The objects of the study are contained in an Introduction covering the purpose, scope, limitation, Overview of Literature, Methodology and Definition of Terms: while the findings in the three respective areas are presented in nine Chapters. Chapters One to Three contain review of literature, overviews of studies and projects in the three areas of study. Chapters Four and Five present, in chronological order, the historical development of theatre in Europe, America, Asia and Africa, especially Nigeria. Chapter Six looks at the genesis of theatre education, scholarship and practice, especially in the western world and recommends a model of training and desirable lines for the future development of theatre in Nigeria. Chapter Seven considers concepts and aesthetics of theatre arts forms and styles and relates these to the contemporary Nigerian theatrical endeavours, especially in the scenographic spheres. Chapter Eight treats the analysis, scenographic and technological executions of the production of the selected illustrative plays. Chapter Nine pursues the search for new physical theatre forms in their various parameters for Nigeria and examines the present state of the physical theatre structures and venues in and at Ibadan. The thesis sees architecture, scenography and technology as prime levers of the development of theatre arts in Nigeria. 1 results 1
- ASRH campaign 1 results 1
- Adaptation methods 1 results 1
- Adolescents with hearing impairment 1 results 1
- Adolescents." 1 results 1
- Adoption of yield increasing technologies among farming households is one way of reducing poverty and food insecurity. In Nigeria, Root and Tuber Expansion Programme (RTEP) was implemented to develop improved technology of root and tuber crops. However, the impact of RTEP technology on poverty and food security has not been fully established. Therefore, the effect of RTEP technology on poverty and food security status of cassava-farming households in southwestern Nigeria was investigated. Ondo and Ogun states were randomly selected from the six states in southwestern Nigeria. Two RTEP participating and two Non-RTEP participating Local Government Areas (LGAs) were randomly chosen from each state. Three communities were randomly selected from each of the LGAs. In each RTEP community, 30 households were randomly selected (beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries) while 15 households were randomly selected from each Non-RTEP community making 540 respondents. Data were collected on age, gender, Household Size (HS), Land Area Cultivated (LAC), technology adoption, Credit Accessibility (CA), Educational Level (EL), Off-farm Activities Participation (OAP), Cassava Yield (CY), Distance to Input Market (DIM) and Household Consumption Expenditure (HCE) using structured questionnaire. The HCE was used to estimate Poverty Incidence (PI) and Food Insecurity Incidence (FII) while other variables were hypothesized to influence Adoption Level (AL) of RTEP technology. Data were analyzed using propensity score matching, descriptive statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke and Tobit regression model at p = 0.05. There were 387 RTEP and Non-RTEP households with similar characteristics. Age (44.3 ± 10.1 years), HS (6.0 ± 2.0) and LAC (1.0 ± 0.4 hectares) of the beneficiaries were not significantly different from those of the non-beneficiaries. The AL of RTEP technology was 76.01%. Cassava yield of RTEP Beneficiaries (RTEPB) was 14.56 ± 1.27 tons/ha. Gender, OAP, CA and EL significantly increased AL by 13.8%, 15.8%, 4.7% and 17.6% respectively while DIM decreased AL by 1.8%. At poverty and food insecurity lines of ₦34,473.00 and ₦20,132.20 respectively per annum, 55.0% RTEPB were poor while 51.3% were food insecure. The RTEP technology adoption reduced PI of RTEPB by 11.2%. The PI of the male beneficiaries reduced by 12.6% compared with 5.6% for female. The PI of RTEPB with CA reduced by 11.8% compared with 5.2% for those without CA. The PI decreased by 14.1% for RTEPB with OAP while the reduction was 8.2% for those without off-farm activity. The FII decreased by 16.3% with male RTEPB having higher reduction of 17.8% compared with female of 8.0%. The FII of the beneficiaries with CA decreased by 20.9% while the reduction was 9.8% for those without CA. The decrease in FII was 17.45% for RTEPB with OAP compared to 9.4% for those not participating. Root and Tuber Expansion Programme technology alleviated both poverty and food insecurity status of beneficiaries especially among males, those with credit accessibility and off-farm activity participation in southwestern Nigeria. 1 results 1
- Adult literacy practical skill 1 results 1
- Attitude 1 results 1
- BACKGROUND: Psychological issues usually accompany the pregnancy of first-time mothers, and psychoeducational interventions might be effective in addressing these concerns and preparing first-time mothers for childbirth and the postnatal period. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify, analyze, and synthesize the components and determine the effectiveness of psychoeducational interventions that are used for managing psychological issues and enhancing birth preparedness among primigravid women or couples in low and middle-income countries. STUDY DESIGN: A systematic search of 12 databases (APA PsycINFO, EmCare, Embase, MEDLINE(R), Ovid Nursing, British Nursing Index, Health & Medical Collection, ProQuest, CINAHL, Cochrane, Hinari, and PubMed) was conducted to identify relevant studies published between 1946 and October 2021. The quality of the included studies was appraised by the Joanna and Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool, and a narrative synthesis was performed to analyze data extracted from included articles. The systematic review protocol is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (registration number: CRD42021237896). RESULTS: The initial search yielded 8658 articles. Of note, 16 articles, including 7 randomized controlled trials and 9 nonrandomized trials, met the inclusion criteria and were selected and reviewed for quality. In addition, 31 outcomes were measured in the studies, including psycho logical outcomes, birth preparedness outcomes, and other outcomes. The design of the interventions included antenatal education that was delivered through lectures, role plays, trainings, and antenatal counseling. All the psychoeducational interventions had a significant effect (P<0.05) Cohen’s d or Hedges’ g=0.2−1.9) on certain psychological outcomes, including childbirth attitude, fear of childbirth, depression, fear, and anxiety, and birth preparedness outcomes. CONCLUSION: Although first-time mothers experience a range of psychological issues during pregnancy, psychoeducational interventions were beneficial in addressing their psychological concerns. It would seem that these interventions are less expensive and could be easily implemented in low- and middle-income countries. However, rigorous research, such as randomized controlled trials, is hereby warranted to standardize the interventions and outcome assessment tools. 1 results 1
- Background: Breast cancer is a disease predominantly found amongst women. It is a disease which threatens an organ that is intimately associated with a woman’s self image, sexuality, as well as her reproductive and nurturing capacity. These threats have serious psychological implications for women living with breast cancer. Objective: To examine the pattern and predictors of depressive symptoms among breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH). Methods: Ethical approval was obtained for an ongoing multi-centre study. The data used in this study are pre-test scores from breast cancer patients in the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. The 21-item Becks Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) was administered on 33 purposively sampled breast cancer patients who read and signed informed consent forms before taking part in the study. Results: Analysis of data using simple percentages showed that the 33 participants indicated varying degree of depressive symptoms: 13 (39.4%) of the respondents had minimal depression, 12 (36.4%) of them had mild depression, 3 (9.1%) had moderate depression, and 5 (15.2%) had severe depression. The average BDI-II score yielded 16.09 indicating mild depression. Multiple regression analysis results showed that being informed about breast cancer, average monthly income, cancer stage and educational level significantly predicted participants’ level of depression. Conclusion: This study confirmed the presence of depressive symptoms in cancer patients in Nigeria. It was recommended that intervention programs to help reduce these depressive symptoms be developed. 1 results 1
- Behavloural techniques. 1 results 1
- Beneficiaries‟ welfare status 1 results 1
- Biology is a very important science subject offered by students in senior secondary schools. Students’ performance in the subject has been reported as poor. Various instructional strategies have been used without much improvement in students’ achievement and demonstration of practical skills. Studies have shown that teacher-centred techniques employed over the years did not yield desired result. This study examined the effects of problem-solving and guided inquiry instructional strategies on students’ achievement and practical skills in Biology. The study also examined the moderating effects of career aspiration and gender. The study was guided by the theory of constructivism. The pretest-posttest control group quasi-experimental design using a 3x2x2 factorial matrix was adopted. Multistage sampling procedure was employed. Two Local Government Areas were randomly selected from the existing two clusters of Ibadan educational zones. Three schools were purposively selected from each Local Government area with consideration for type of school and functional laboratory. Two schools were randomly assigned to each of experimental and control groups. Two hundred and forty students participated in the study. Instruments used were Biology Achievement Test (r = 0.78), Test of Practical Skills (r = 0.82), Career Aspiration Interest Scale (r = 0.78) and Instructional Guides. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Analysis of Covariance and Sidak post-hoc test at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that there was a significant main effect of treatment on students’ achievement (F(2,228) = 9.69; partial Ƞ2 = .07) and students’ practical skills (F(2,228) = 66.38; partial Ƞ2 = .36) in Biology. Students in the guided inquiry group had the highest mean score ( = 15.09) followed by those in problem-solving ( = 12.78) and demonstration ( = 11.62). The highest mean scores in practical skills was obtained by those in guided inquiry ( = 53.25) followed by those in problem-solving ( = 52.48) and demonstration ( = 33.31) groups. There was a significant effect of career aspiration on students’ practical skills (F(2,228) = 4.33; partial Ƞ2 = .02) but not on achievement. Students in the biological science had higher mean score ( = 48.49) than their counterparts in physical science ( = 42.27). There was interaction effect of treatments and career aspiration on students’ achievement (F(2,228) = 3.43; partial Ƞ2 = .03) but not on practical skills. Participants in biological science had higher mean score ( = 16.76) than their counterparts in physical science ( = 13.42), when guided inquiry strategy was used. There was significant interaction effects of treatment, career aspiration and gender on students achievement (F(2,228) = 4.27; p partial Ƞ2 =.02) but not on practical skills. Male biological science students in guided inquiry group had higher mean score ( = 16.85) than their female counterparts ( = 16.66). Guided inquiry strategy was the most effective in improving female students’ achievement and practical skills demonstration in biological science. Teachers should be encouraged to use guided inquiry strategy in teaching biology among female students 1 results 1
- Birth preparedness 1 results 1
- Career aspiration 1 results 1
- Cassava-farming households 1 results 1
- Child Mortality 1 results 1
- Child-rearing practices 1 results 1
- Civil servants 1 results 1
- Climate change 1 results 1
- Climate change poses a great threat to human security through erratic rainfall patterns and decreasing crop yields, contributing to increased hunger. The perceptions of the indigenous people about climate change and their responses to climate change have significant roles to play in addressing climate change. Therefore a critical study on farmers’ choices of adaptation is critical for ensuring food security and poverty alleviation. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 156 households in Ekiti state while descriptive statistics and multinomial logit (MNL) were used to analyze the data obtained from the households. The results showed that the most widely used adaptation method by the farmers were soil and water conservation technique measures (67 percent). The multinomial logit analysis revealed that the factors explaining farmer’s choices of climate change adaptation include age of the farmers, gender of the household head, years of education, years of farming experience, household size, farmers information on climate change, farmers access to credit, farm income, non-farm income, livestock ownership and extension contact. 1 results 1
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) 1 results 1
- Culture-change 1 results 1
- Curriculum || Education || Colonisation || Decolonisation || Education ||Self-reliance 1 results 1
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