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Effects of parental separation on psychosocial well-being of children in secondary schools in Ibadan north local government, Ibadan, Oyo-State
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Use of mobile phones for project based learning by undergraduate students of Nigerian private universities
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Diversity and floral composition changes in intensively cultivated practical year training program farm of the university of Ibadan, Nigeria
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Growth, chlorophyll and carotenoids contents of tea (Camellia Sinensis (L) O. Kuntze) under varied light intensity in Southwest Nigeria
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Engineering & Technology 5 results 5
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- 'Theatre Arts' is essentially a visual arts discipline in which the elements of architecture, scenography and technology play very significant roles. However, these areas and aspects have suffered neglect, in the past, in the arena of Nigerian scholarship. Consequently, the present study aims at a historico-critical evaluation, analysis and documentation of the development and functions in the contemporary Nigerian theatre, as witnessed especially in and at Ibadan in the past twelve decades in broad terms and since 1948 (the founding year of the University of Ibadan) in particular. If there was in the pastan authentic African (especially Nigerian) theatre, then there ought to have been a corresponding typical and unique African theatre performance space form. Therefore there is a need to rediscover that form. But if the traditional African-particularly Nigerian theatre had had no unique and typical performance stage or space form, other than the village square, market place and the Kings' palaces, then it has to be accepted that the modern (present-day) architectural theatre forms of Africa and in particular of Nigeria have been imposed or have evolved from the cross currents of contacts with Western civilization and foreign influences and, therefore, they are basically foreign and of non- African origin. Consequently, the present search for a new theatre form, architecturally, would yield better results if the merger of the traditional and western modern architecture employing modern technology in equipping them to achieve flexibility, adaptability and timelessness could be pursued. In order to achieve that, what one has to do now is to critically examine the functionality of the present spaces and modify or refurbish them to suit the demands of the contemporary Nigerian theatre. However, most ideal would be the conception, design and realisation of new structures along the lines of new and long attested aesthetic principles and the results of technological researches arising from age-old experiments, new aspirations, current trends and future speculations. Since the arts and the sciences have always been the bedrock of human spiritual, psychological and economic development, and since technology has always aided the attainment of socio-political growth, technology, borrowed or developed, invented or transferred, has a great role to play in the development of Nigerian theatre. Hence, the investigation of its impact in the Nigerian theatre is a necessary and perhaps an inevitable task. The objects of the study are contained in an Introduction covering the purpose, scope, limitation, Overview of Literature, Methodology and Definition of Terms: while the findings in the three respective areas are presented in nine Chapters. Chapters One to Three contain review of literature, overviews of studies and projects in the three areas of study. Chapters Four and Five present, in chronological order, the historical development of theatre in Europe, America, Asia and Africa, especially Nigeria. Chapter Six looks at the genesis of theatre education, scholarship and practice, especially in the western world and recommends a model of training and desirable lines for the future development of theatre in Nigeria. Chapter Seven considers concepts and aesthetics of theatre arts forms and styles and relates these to the contemporary Nigerian theatrical endeavours, especially in the scenographic spheres. Chapter Eight treats the analysis, scenographic and technological executions of the production of the selected illustrative plays. Chapter Nine pursues the search for new physical theatre forms in their various parameters for Nigeria and examines the present state of the physical theatre structures and venues in and at Ibadan. The thesis sees architecture, scenography and technology as prime levers of the development of theatre arts in Nigeria. 1 results 1
- A university’s objective is to educate its students using information and communication technologies (ICTs) and teaching techniques that would enable its graduates become flexible and life-long learners that can easily adapt to the changes eminent in the information society. Achieving this aim requires among other factors, the adoption of appropriate teaching model such as the project based learning (PBL) which supports the inculcation of collaborative and lifelong learning skills, technology use skills, knowledge sharing skills and social networking skills into students. Consequently, this study was carried out to evaluate the use of mobile phones by students involved in PBL in three randomly selected private universities in Nigeria. The questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection from 750 undergraduates students distributed across the three selected private universities in southwestern Nigerian states. This is to say that 250 students were sampled from each of the participating private universities whose population was estimated to be about 2000 students each. Also, the use of stratified sampling technique ensured that only those students that were in their second, third, fourth and fifth year in the sampled universities, who were presumed to have acquired required learning experiences, participated in the study. The result showed that a significant percentage of the students studied had mobile phones and that they used their mobile phones for communication, interactions, getting information, browsing the Internet, and sharing knowledge anytime they were involved in PBL. It was also revealed that mobiles phones can be used to strengthen PBL in higher institutions and can be used to implement information services provided for students in their university. Although private universities in southwestern Nigeria amounts to about 43.9% of private universities in Nigeria, a percentage that makes them a sizable representation of private universities in Nigeria, the fact that the study sampled population was drawn from only three southwestern Nigerian based private universities made generalizing the results of this study as the situation in Nigeria in appropriate. The study however, provides first hand information on the prospects, gains and challenges mobile phones offer as appropriate education technology for implementing PBL in Nigerian universities 1 results 1
- Accident 1 results 1
- Adaptation 1 results 1
- Adaptive Gaussian Quadrature 1 results 1
- Adulteration of petroleum products with the resultant safety, health, environmental and economic impact on the end-users is a challenge in Nigeria and many developing countries. The current commonly used techniques by regulatory agencies and some end-users for quality assurance of the petroleum products are time-consuming and expensive. The development and use of real-time adulterated petroleum products detector in Nigeria will therefore alleviate these problems. This study was therefore designed to develop a device for real-time detection of petroleum products adulterated with liquid and particulate contaminants. Pure samples of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS), Automotive Gas oil (AGO) and Dual Purpose Kerosene (DPK) were collected from some major petroleum products marketers. Samples of distilled water, naphtha, commercial ethanol, pure and used commercial lubricating oil, and High Pour Fuel Oil (HPFO) were also obtained and used as liquid contaminants; while sawdust, ash and fine-grain sand were used as solid particulates. At temperatures 23:1:28oC, binary mixtures of the products mixed with liquid contaminants were prepared (100:0, 95:5, 85:15, 75:25, 70:30, 65:35 … 15:85, 5:95,0:100 v/v). Likewise, a fixed volume of pure petroleum products was mixed with varying quantity of solid particulates (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 g). The specific Gravity (SG) and Interfacial Tension (IFT) of the pure samples, binary mixtures were determined according to ASTM D1298 and D971 standards, respectively. These physiochemical properties (SG and IFT) of pure and contaminated fuel samples were used to develop a mathematical model. The model was then simulated into a microcontroller-based detector. A microcontroller of PIC16f876 microchip with multiple input/output pins and a load cell sensor with real-time response was used. The microcontroller takes the reading of the weight of liquid from the sensor to get the SG and IFT of the liquid in real-time. Values of SG and IFT of pure and contaminated samples of petroleum products were obtained using the developed adulteration detector and compared with laboratory measurements and those obtained using Kay’s mixing rule. Data were analysed using ANOVA at α 0.05. The SG and IFT (dynes/cm) of the pure samples were (PMS) 0.833, 47.0; (AGO) 0.812, 28.0; (DPK) 0.803, 25.0, for liquid contaminants ranged from (PMS) 0.853-0.890, 44.6-25.0; (AGO) 0.807-0.804, 46.2-29.5; (DPK) 0.811-0.947, 46.4-38.0 and for solid contaminants ranged from (PMS) 0.887-0.910, 47.8-27.2; (AGO) 0.884-0.887, 29.2-30.0; (DPK) 0.817-0.857, 25.8-32.8, respectively. The SG and IFT from Kay’s mixing rule ranged from (PMS) 0.851-0.900, 48.4-25.6; (AGO) 0.850-0.871, 40.1-35.4; (DPK) 0.864-0.881, 42.4-36.4, respectively. Adulteration of products was detected at 20.0-30.0% by volume and 10.0-20.0% by mass of contamination, respectively. The designed adulteration detector responded to the sample in real-time of 3-5s, displayed GREEN and RED for pure and adulterated samples, respectively, with their numerical SG values within ±0.01% of actual measurements. There was no significant difference between the actual and detected SG and IFT of the adulterated samples. A device that detects petroleum products adulteration in real-time and ambient temperature was developed. The method can be adapted to real-time evaluation of similar binary mixtures. 1 results 1
- Agile methods is the software development methodology and practices used in software industry in which the elements and principles of agile methods are used. Generally, the agile development process is an incremental work process that promotes the importance of customer satisfaction, collaboration, communication, teamwork, good quality and planned follow-up practices. The paper aims to discuss these issues. This paper first presents an overview of agile methods, addresses the most relevant ones for developing library management system then discusses the utilization of these methods in the context of the development of an integrated library management system presenting the case of Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan. The Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan after several attempts at automating its processes since the early 90’s eventually resolved to develop an in-house Library Automation System in 2015 using agile methods. The paper refers to definite initiatives taken to improve development processes as well as discuss the benefits and challenges when applying the agile methods in order to change traditional working culture and encourage end user participation in the building process. The following elements of agility can be considered the most effective and relevant: appreciating the needs of the customers, end-user participation and satisfaction, quality assurance, ability to redesign and make decisions fast and empowering the team, eliminating of waste. The paper finally highlights what the library can achieve by adapting a fresh approach for developing, evaluating and managing its operations and how the library staff can benefit from the agile way of working. Automation, Agile Development methods, Management, Quality, User satisfaction and University libraries 1 results 1
- Agro-waste 1 results 1
- Akaike’s information criteria 1 results 1
- Algorithm, 1 results 1
- Anti-nutritional factors 1 results 1
- Antioxidants 1 results 1
- Apoptosis 1 results 1
- ArXiv cs.CR Recent Papers 1 results 1
- BACKGROUND: The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) is the most widely used quality of life (QoL) measure to evaluate the influence of oral diseases on individuals. QoL measures have been noted to be context and environment specific, and there is a need to cross-culturally adapt a scale before its introduction into any community. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties, validity and internal consistency of the OHIP-14 measure in an adult patient population in Ibadan, Nigeria. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a four-month period on 204 adult patients using OHIP-14 structured questionnaire, global self-report indicator of oral conditions and perceived treatment need. Oral examinations were performed to assess periodontal status, caries experience and attachment loss. Data were analyzed using SPSS and p-value for statistical significance was set at < 0.05. Results: A total of 204 patients participated in the study with a mean OHIP score of 11.2 (± 9.8). OHIP scores were not related to the sociodemographic characteristics. Perception of need for treatment was greater among those who reported impacts on their QoL (89.3% vs. 14.3%, p < 0.001). The OHIP scores correlated negatively with global self rating of oral health status (rho = -0.23, p < 0.01). Higher OHIP scores were associated with having carious teeth (p = 0.023). The Cronbach’s alpha for the 14 inventory items ranged from 0.857 to 0.871. CONCLUSION: The OHIP-14 measure showed good psychometric properties with satisfactory validity and internal consistency in adult patients in Ibadan, Nigeria 1 results 1
- Background: Child mortality remains unacceptably high, with Northern Nigeria reporting some of the highest rates globally (e.g. 192/1000 live births in Jigawa State). Coverage of key protect and prevent interventions, such as vaccination and clean cooking fuel use, is low. Additionally, knowledge, care-seeking and health system factors are poor. Therefore, a whole systems approach is needed for sustainable reductions in child mortality. Methods: This is a cluster randomised controlled trial, with integrated process and economic evaluations, conducted from January 2021 to September 2022. The trial will be conducted in Kiyawa Local Government Area, Jigawa State, Nigeria, with an estimated population of 230,000. Clusters are defined as primary government health facility catchment areas (n = 33). The 33 clusters will be randomly allocated (1:1) in a public ceremony, and 32 clusters included in the impact evaluation. The trial will evaluate a locally adapted ‘whole systems strengthening’ package of three evidence-based methods: community men’s and women’s groups, Partnership Defined Quality Scorecard and healthcare worker training, mentorship and provision of basic essential equipment and commodities. The primary outcome is mortality of children aged 7 days to 59 months. Mortality will be recorded prospectively using a cohort design, and secondary outcomes measured through baseline and endline cross-sectional surveys. Assuming the following, we will have a minimum detectable effect size of 30%: (a) baseline mortality of 100 per 1000 livebirths, (b) 4480 compounds with 3 eligible children per compound, (c) 80% power, (d) 5% significance, (e) intra-cluster correlation of 0.007 and (f) coefficient of variance of cluster size of 0.74. Analysis will be by intention-totreat, comparing intervention and control clusters, adjusting for compound and trial clustering. Discussion: This study will provide robust evidence of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of community-based participatory learning and action, with integrated health system strengthening and accountability mechanisms, to reduce child mortality. The ethnographic process evaluation will allow for a rich understanding of how the intervention works in this context. However, we encountered a key challenge in calculating the sample size, given the lack of timely and reliable mortality data and the uncertain impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. 1 results 1
- Background: Psychiatric disorders in HIV/AIDS are common, emerging soon after diagnosis or during the subsequent course of illness. However, there are few prospective studies on the rates of psychiatric disorders in HIV/AIDS, particularly in the context of the developing world. Methods: Sixty-five patients with recently diagnosed HIV were interviewed on presentation to a hospital-based HIV clinic and then 6 months later. On both interviews, the patients were assessed using the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Carver Brief COPE, and the Sheehan Disability Scale. Exposure to negative life events and risk behaviors was also evaluated. Results: The overall prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the follow-up period remained high (56% of patients had at least one psychiatric disorder at baseline, and 48% of patients had at least one psychiatric disorder at 6 months). Depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were the most prevalent disorders at both baseline (34.9% and 14.8%) and follow-up (26% and 20%), respectively. More than half of all patients with depression at baseline improved (16 of 29; 55.1%). However, there was a new onset of both depression (4 of 49; 8.1%) and PTSD (12 of 17; 70.5%) on follow-up. In univariate analysis, depression on follow-up was significantly associated with: (a) disability in work/social/family functioning, (b) greater number of negative life events, and (c) a decline in CD4 lymphocyte count. Univariate analysis also revealed that a diagnosis of PTSD on follow-up was significantly associated with (a) a longer duration of infection and (b) baseline disability in work/social/family functioning. However, in multivariate analysis, only disability scores predicted the diagnoses of major depression and PTSD on follow-up assessment. Persistence of risky sexual behaviour was also noted, with a significantly higher number of participants reporting nonuse of condom on follow-up. There appeared to be a shift from maladaptive coping behaviors to more adaptive coping behaviors over the 6-month period. Conclusion: The rate of psychiatric disorders in HIV/AIDS patients was consistent over time. These findings emphasize the importance of regular evaluation for psychiatric disorders in HIV/AIDS patients, not only at the commencement of treatment but also during subsequent follow-up visits. 1 results 1
- Background: Sexual dysfunction is an important public‑health problem, which is often less reported or explored through opportunistic evaluation during medical consultations. Objective: This study was designed to determine the prevalence and patterns of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) including the sexual quality of life among female patients attending a gynecological outpatients unit in Southwest Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This is a cross‑sectional descriptive study of 146 consenting women who attended the gynecological outpatients’ clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, during the study period. Participants were selected using multistage sampling technique. The survey instruments were previously validated questionnaires such as Sexual Function Questionnaire (SFQ28), Sexual Quality of Life‑Female Questionnaire (SQOL‑F), and the Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection and Resolve (APGAR) score. The results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 17 and P value was set at 5%. Results: The mean age was 33.8 ± 5.7 years. Most (85.6%) respondents had at least one form of sexual dysfunction. The commonest dysfunction was arousal‑sensation (62.4%) while the least was pain (3.4%). The mean SFQ28 and SQOL‑F scores were 58.0 ± 12.57 and 28.0 ± 11.94, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the SFQ28 and SQOL‑F scores across sociodemographic factors. Women classified as belonging to dysfunctional family on Family APGAR score similarly had poorer scores for sexual dysfunction (100%, P = 0.016). Conclusion: FSD is common among women attending gynecological outpatients clinic. Managing clinicians should be aware of this condition and proffer appropriate care in addition to the main presenting complaint. 1 results 1
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