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Aboveground biomass allometric models for a private semi-natural forest in Nigeria
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Proximate and oragnoleptic analysis of carrot-fortified and vanilla flavoured cakes
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NUTRITIVE VALUE OF ENSILED CASSAVA (Manihot esculentus, Crantz) TOPS AND GUINEA GRASS (Panicum maximum) FOR THE WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP
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OPTIMUM DEHYDRATION AND DRYING KINETICS OF THREE SELECTED VARIETIES OF TOMATO (Lycopersicum species) FROM SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA.
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- "Interest is growing daily on the utilization of bamboo as a reliable supplement to wood in furniture production to mitigate the scarcity of wood raw material supply. This study explored the viability of recycling bamboo recovered from scaffold into intermediate raw material for indoor furniture production. Strips were processed from the recovered Bambusa vulgaris Schrad and were subjected to conventional treatment methods with some modification to simplify the treatment. The durability of the treated strip was evaluated in accordance with ASTM D2017. A storage shelf was designed and fabricated using laminates made from the bamboo strips. The diameter and wall thickness of the recovered bamboo culms ranges from 6.00cm -10.00cm and 10.00mm- 12.70mm respectively. The result shows that ordinary soaking of the strips in water for 3 weeks could make the strips to be sufficiently resistant to termite attack but fairly resistant to powder post beetle. Application of kerosene as a secondary treatment will make the resistance of the bamboo strip effective to powder post beetle. A Complete-Knock-Down (CDK) Magazine shelf suitable for office use was fabricated using road side carpentry workshop tools. This study was able to recycle Bambusa vulgaris recovered from scaffolding material into suitable raw material input for the manufacturing of indoor furniture." 1 results 1
- "This work investigated the distribution of Von Misses stress in LNG Spherical Carbon Steel Storage tanks. Using the Finite Element Method and equations of elasticity, constant thickness carbon steel spherical storage tanks of 40 in. dia. 70in. dia of 1 in. shell thickness were subjected to different loading conditions from 500 to 4000Psi in incremental of 500 Psi. Spherical triangular elements based on shallow shell formulation were used for the model. The element has five degrees of freedom at each corner node, which are the essential external degrees of freedom without the degree of freedom associated with the in-plane shell rotation. The displacement fields of the element satisfy the exact requirement of rigid body modes of motion. The FORTRAN 90 coding was developed to obtain maximum Von Misses stress distribution with the tank subjected to different internal pressure and wind loadings. The results were then compared with the yield stress of the material of the tank. Von Misses stress is used as yield criteria whether to change tank material or increase the shell material thickness if yield stress is higher than the Von-Misses Stress. Results showed Von Mises stresses for a 40 in dia. Spherical shell with 1 in shell thickness able to withstand internal pressure loading alone up to 3500 Psi after which the shell thickness will no longer be able to withstand the loading. The 70in. dia. Vessel could only withstand internal pressure loading up to 2000 Psi. Validation of Finite Element modeling was done using ASME Section VIII Div 1 standard. Modeled results were observed not to be significantly different from ASME values (P>0.05). External wind effects alone on small dia. vessels was seen to be constant for all sides of the pressure vessel. 1 results 1
- 'Ogbomoso' mango 1 results 1
- A survey involving the use of questionnaires and personal communication during field trips was carried out in Western Nigeria with the aim of classifying and assessing the efficiency of the existing structures for the storage of crops. Barns; cribs; trenches; platforms; warehouses and silos are among the important Storage structures. The existing structures could be efficient with proper management but a major limitation of most of them is the low unit capacity which is inadequate to cope with the present volume of agricultural production. Research efforts should concentrate more on improving the existing structures rather than their replacement. 1 results 1
- Acceptability 1 results 1
- African locust bean, 1 results 1
- Avenue tree 1 results 1
- Background: Falls and fall-related injuries are a foremost health concern among older adults aged 60 years and above. Fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) use by older adults is one related cause of falling, and it is frequently used among older adults. Pharmacist-led counselling is an aspect of patient education that has been associated with improved therapeutic outcome and quality of life in high income countries with scarcity of information in lowmiddle income countries. This study therefore aims to assess hospital pharmacists’ knowledge and counselling on fall-related medications using the list compiled by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare on FRIDs and orthostatic drugs (ODs). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 56 pharmacists working in a teaching hospital in Nigeria, between July and August 2019, using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were summarized with descriptive statistics while chi-square test was used for categorical variables at p < 0.05. Results: Thirty-five (62.5%) were within 10 years of practice experience. Two-third (62.5%) of the pharmacists possessed an additional qualification to Bachelor of Pharmacy degree. Twenty-two (40.0%) were aware of the FRIDs and ODs list. In all, (89.3%) had “unsatisfactory” knowledge of classes of medications and specific medicines that could cause a fall. Most pharmacists 42 (80.8%) focused counsel on appropriate medication use, adverse effects of drugs and storage of medications. Knowledge score of both FRIDs and ODs were neither significantly associated with pharmacists’ years of qualification (χ 2 = 1.282; p = 0.733), (χ 2 = 2.311; p = 0.510) nor with possession of additional qualification (χ 2 = 0.854; p = 0.836), (χ 2 = 2.996; p = 0.392). Majority, 53 (98.1%) believed that patients will benefit from effective counselling on FRIDs and ODs. About half (25; 51.0%) suggested training through seminar presentation as a measure for FRIDs and ODs sensitization. Conclusion: A substantial gap in knowledge and awareness of FRIDs and ODs was noted among the hospital pharmacists. However, engagement of pharmacists on counsel that focus on medication use, adverse effect and storage was relatively better. Thus, there is a general need to create awareness about fall-risk-increasing drugs among hospital pharmacists, so as to help improve the therapeutic outcome particularly in the older adults. 1 results 1
- Battery cage 1 results 1
- Blends 1 results 1
- Broiler breast meat 1 results 1
- Cake 1 results 1
- Campuses of Nigerian universities, especially the older ones, are home to aged trees that were originally planted for environmental beautification and aesthetics. However, due to the current global climate change and increased vulnerability to abiotic and biotic stressors, the old trees could pose threats to pedestrians, structures, and roads within the university campus environments. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to develop a geodatabase and evaluate the health risk assessment of avenue trees on selected roads in a tertiary institution in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria using appropriate standard methods. Results obtained reported a total of 121 individual avenue trees belonging to 14 species along the study roads. The geospatial distribution analysis revealed that Emotan road had a lower density of avenue trees compared to Benue and Oduduwa roads. Furthermore, the health risk assessment indicated that 17.35% of the individual avenue trees had defects, posing potential hazards and risks of tree failure, and potential damage to pedestrians, vehicles, and neighboring utilities. The developed geodatabase is user-friendly and allows for easy data storage and quick information retrieval on the avenue trees, enhancing their maintenance and risk management. Furthermore, this study shows that systematic replacement, replanting, and management of avenue tree species could be a proactive initiative for the expansion of the geodatabase and to reduce negative health impacts. 1 results 1
- Capsicum chinense 1 results 1
- Carrot 1 results 1
- Carrot fortified 1 results 1
- Cassava Tops (CT), a crop residue, is available all year round but its potential utilisation is low. The Crude Protein (CP) and other nutrients in CT could be beneficial to ruminant livestock. Information on CT preservation and nutritive value is scanty. Therefore, the nutritive value of ensiled CT with Guinea grass to the West African Dwarf (WAD) Sheep was investigated. Cassava tops and Guinea Grass (GG) of eight weeks re-growth with four energy additives were combined in ratio 3:6:1 into five treatments: 1 (CT + GG + cassava chips), 2 (CT + GG + Sorghum), 3 (CT + GG+ millet grains), 4 (CT + GG + sugar ) and 5 (CT + GG + no additive). After 42 days of ensiling, silage characteristics, chemical composition: Dry Matter (DM), CP, ash, Neutral Detergent Fibre (NDF), and Acid Detergent Fibre (ADF) and acceptability by 8 WADS using Coefficient of Preference (CoP) procedure were determined. In a completely randomised design, 25 WAD sheep were fed with the five silages for 135 days to evaluate Dry Matter Intake (DMI), Daily Weight Gain (DWG), Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Serum Total Protein (STP) using standard procedures. Carcass characteristics: dressing percentage, prima cuts, internal organs and external offals were measured. Further, effect of Length of Storage (LS) (72, 102, 132, 162, 192 and 222 days) on silage characteristics, chemical composition and the nutritive value of silage were assessed using in vitro fermentation technique to obtain potential extent of gas production (a+b), potential gas production (b), rate of gas production (c), Organic Matter Digestibility (OMD), Metabolisable Energy (ME) and Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at p=0.05. The colour of the silages was olive green with pleasant odour, firm texture and pH range of 4.3 to 5.1. Dry Matter (27.1-28.8%), CP (21.8-24.9%), ash (7.6-9.4%), NDF (68.8-71.7%) and ADF (40.6-48.1%) of the silages differed significantly among treatments. Silages with cassava chips (1.19), sorghum (1.11) and millet (1.09) additives were more acceptable as CoP was above unity. The DMI (472.6-530.0 g/d) and DMD (75.8-84.7%) differed significantly while DWG was similar among treatments. The PCV and STP varied significantly and ranged from 27.0 to 33.7% and 6.08 to 8.20g/dl respectively. Dressing percentages ranging from 50.8 to 53.8% were significantly different. The Prima cuts (loin; 12.0-14.9%, rack; 15.6-18.9%, neck; 10.3-12.1%), liver (7.4-8.1%) and skin (1.5-1.8%) were significantly different. Relative weight of leg, shoulder, head, feet and other organs were not significantly different. The DM (28.0-29.6%), CP (23.7-27.1%), ash (8.8-10.0%), NDF (57.9-71.5%), and ADF (44.1-49.8%) were all significantly influenced by LS. Gas production (17.67-30.07 ml/96 hours), b (16.20-28.00ml), ME (6.09-7.68 MJ/kg DM), OMD (62.9-73.2%) and SCFA (0.48-0.78 mmol) were also significantly influenced by LS.Cassava tops and Guinea grass ensiled with all additives used, had good silage properties and enhanced nutritive value. Preservation of silages was possible for seven months without loss of nutrients 1 results 1
- Cassava tops 1 results 1
- Chicken eggs are extremely fragile and require protective packaging for handling, storage and delivery. Paper egg tray, the most globally acceptable package for eggs, is often im- ported, costly and scarce in Nigeria due to difficulties in procurement and management of standard machines for trays’ local production. Therefore, this study was intended to lo- cally develop and evaluate the performance of a low-cost paper egg tray-making machine to ease the local production and distribution of paper egg trays in Nigeria. Using metal scraps as construction materials and a sand-casting method for mould manufacture, a 30- cell paper egg tray-making machine was developed, and its performance was evaluated. Power rating determination of the machine was done using Logger Interface Program. The paper egg trays having dimensions of 300 ×300mm; cell diameter of 35mm; cell depth of 25mm; and wet and dry weights of 298.0 g and 86.0 g, respectively, were produced. The vibration resistance of the manufactured trays was compared with existing oness at a frequency of 5 Hz. The machine of 1.4 Kw power rating and sand-cast aluminum-alloy moulds was developed at a total cost of N76, 720 ($210). The machine could be oper- ated manually with a minimum of one employee, using reciprocating mould movement at a capacity of ten trays per hour. An acceptable paper egg tray was obtained with Chip- board (65.0%) and Newsprint (35.0%) wastepaper mix, fabric-mesh hole-size of ≤0.6 mm and pulp slurry of 4.0% consistency. The vibration resistance result showed that the egg failure by the manufactured and existing paper egg trays was moderate and comparable. The machine development could encourage waste management, youth employment, and affordable local paper egg tray manufacture and supply in Nigeria. 1 results 1
- Child mortality 1 results 1
- Condensation; 1 results 1
- Conservation 1 results 1
- Counselling 1 results 1
- Deep litter 1 results 1
- Differential pattern 1 results 1
- Drying kinetics 1 results 1
- Durable. 1 results 1
- Effective moisture diffusivity 1 results 1
- Egg storage quality 1 results 1
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