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Analysis of antifungal resistance phenotypes in transgenic grapevines by Du Plessis, Kari
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Occupational health and safety competencies 3 results 3
- Construction work and industry, although highly important to Nigeria’s developmental processes, is characterised by high level of risks occurrence and hazards. The trend is exacerbated by the insecure manner in which the construction workers are recruited, placed and managed as well as non-enforcement of existing safety laws in the sector. This raises concern about the type of safety training provided in the industry and the instructional method used in imparting such safety trainings. Previous studies have focused largely on the causes, prevention, control, safety legislations and provision of safety trainings with little emphasis on safety training instructional methods. This study, therefore, determined the effects of syndicate (STM) and guided-practice (GpTM) training methods on occupational health and safety competencies (OHSC) of workers in the construction industry in Oyo State, Nigeria. The moderating effects of employees’ literacy level and employment status were also examined. This study was anchored on multiple cause and social learning theories while the pretest-posttest, control group quasi experimental design with a 3x3x2 factorial matrix was adopted. Purposive sampling technique was employed in selecting three reputable construction organisations in Oyo State. The workers in the three organisations who met the study’s inclusion criteria were randomised into STM, (12), GpTM (11) and Lecture method (12) (Control) groups while treatment lasted six weeks. Construction Industry Occupational Health and Safety Competencies Questionnaire (r=0.85), training guides for STM, GpTM and lecture method were used for data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Analysis of covariance and Scheffe post-hoc test at 0.05 level of significance. Participants were male (80.0%) and female (20.0%) with a mean age of 34 years; 54.3% and 45.7% were on permanent and temporary employments respectively. Their levels of literacy status were: low (37.1%), medium (34.3%) and high (28.6%). There was a significant main effect of treatment on workers’ OHSC (F (2, 17) = 22.28, partial η^2= .72). Participants exposed to STM obtained the highest posttest OHSC mean ( = 175.42) followed by those in GpTM ( = 111.00) and control ( = 82.58) groups. There were no significant main effects of literacy level and employment status on OHSC. There was a significant two-way interaction effect of treatments and literacy on OHSC (F (4, 17) = 3.18, partial η^2= .43) but the two-way interaction effects of treatment and employment status, and employment status and literacy level were not significant. Also, three-way interaction effect of treatment, literacy level and employment status on OHSC was not significant. Syndicate and guided-practice training methods were effective in enhancing the occupational health and safety competencies of construction workers regardless of their literacy level and employment status. Both training methods should, therefore, be employed regularly in safety trainings to achieve improved occupational health and safety competencies in the Nigerian construction industry. 2 results 2
- Emotional well-being 2 results 2
- Foster homes 2 results 2
- Fostered adolescents 2 results 2
- Nigerian construction industry 2 results 2
- Socio-environmental factors 2 results 2
- Syndicate and guided-practice training methods 2 results 2
- Adolescents in Foster Homes (AFHs) often experience negative psychological and developmental problems, which have grave consequences on their Emotional Well-being (EWB) and Social Well-being (SWB), with an attendant effect on their future lifestyles. Previous studies have focused more on AFHs’ deviant behaviour, school adjustment and psychological well-being than on EWB and SWB as well as their predisposing factors. This study, therefore, determined the extent to which socio-environmental factors (peer influence, foster officials’ religious beliefs, media exposure, exposure to drug/substance use, neighbourhood characteristics, school climate and foster home climate) determined EWB and SWB of AFHs in Southwestern Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select 27 foster homes (nine public, 18 private) from the six states in Southwestern Nigeria. A combination of stratified, proportionate and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 575 AFHs inmates (339 boys, 236 girls). Socio-environmental Factors Scale (r=0.72), Emotional Well-being Scale (r=0.65), Social Well-being Scale (r=0.67) and Adolescent Fostering Scale (r=0.69) were used for the data collection. These were complemented with four Group Key Informant Interviews involving Chief Welfare Officers and assistants of four of the foster homes, and three Focus Group Discussions with AFHs. Four research questions were answered and two hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product moment correlation and multiple regressions, while qualitative data were content analysed. Socio-environmental factors significantly influenced the EWB and SWB of AFHs (F(6,568) = 8.37, R= .29), accounting for 8.0% and 11.0% in the variance of EWB and SWB respectively. Foster home climate (β= 0.16), foster officials’ religious beliefs (β= 0.15), school climate (β= 0.13), peer influence (β= 0.91), media exposure (β= 0.09), neighbourhood characteristics (β= -0.23) and exposure to drug/substance use (β= -0.01) had relative contributions to EWB and SWB of AFHs. Furthermore, the socio-environmental factors correlated positively with the indices of emotional well-being of the AFHs as follows: self-concept (r= 0.09), self-esteem (r= 0.08), behavioural control (r= 0.07), stress management skills (r= 0.06) and resilience skills (r=0.06). Also, socio-environmental factors correlated positively with the indices of SWB as follows: environmental management skill (r= 0.08), sustained relationships (r= 0.07), good school performance (r= 0.07), assertiveness skills (r= 0.06), good social interaction (r= 0.06) and good communication skills (r= 0.05). The fostered boys had better EWB and SWB (x ̅ = 57.0, 60.3) than the girls (x ̅= 54.9, 56.6), while the girls (x ̅= 22.1) exhibited good social skills and trust than the boys (x ̅= 18.0). Also, the private fostered adolescents (x ̅= 18.0) exhibited signs of greater comfort than those in the public homes (x ̅= 15.9). The AFHs were faced with the problems of attachment disorder, unhealthy development and low academic achievement. Foster home climate, foster officials’ religious beliefs, school climate, peer influence and media exposure positively influenced the emotional and social well-being of adolescents in foster homes in Southwestern Nigeria. Therefore, better social environment should be constantly sustained in foster care to ameliorate negative development of inmates. 1 results 1
- Adolescents in Foster Homes (AFHs) often experience negative psychological and developmental problems, which have grave consequences on their Emotional Well-being (EWB) and Social Well-being (SWB), with an attendant effect on their future lifestyles. Previous studies have focused more on AFHs’ deviant behaviour, school adjustment and psychological well-being than on EWB and SWB as well as their predisposing factors. This study, therefore, determined the extent to which socio-environmental factors (peer influence, foster officials’ religious beliefs, media exposure, exposure to drug/substance use, neighbourhood characteristics, school climate and foster home climate) determined EWB and SWB of AFHs in Southwestern Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select 27 foster homes (nine public, 18 private) from the six states in Southwestern Nigeria. A combination of stratified, proportionate and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 575 AFHs inmates (339 boys, 236 girls). Socio-environmental Factors Scale (r=0.72), Emotional Well-being Scale (r=0.65), Social Well-being Scale (r=0.67) and Adolescent Fostering Scale (r=0.69) were used for the data collection. These were complemented with four Group Key Informant Interviews involving Chief Welfare Officers and assistants of four of the foster homes, and three Focus Group Discussions with AFHs. Four research questions were answered and two hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product moment correlation and multiple regressions, while qualitative data were content analysed. Socio-environmental factors significantly influenced the EWB and SWB of AFHs (F(6,568) = 8.37, R= .29), accounting for 8.0% and 11.0% in the variance of EWB and SWB respectively. Foster home climate (β= 0.16), foster officials’ religious beliefs (β= 0.15), school climate (β= 0.13), peer influence (β= 0.91), media exposure (β= 0.09), neighbourhood characteristics (β= -0.23) and exposure to drug/substance use (β= -0.01) had relative contributions to EWB and SWB of AFHs. Furthermore, the socio-environmental factors correlated positively with the indices of emotional well-being of the AFHs as follows: self-concept (r= 0.09), self-esteem (r= 0.08), behavioural control (r= 0.07), stress management skills (r= 0.06) and resilience skills (r=0.06). Also, socio-environmental factors correlated positively with the indices of SWB as follows: environmental management skill (r= 0.08), sustained relationships (r= 0.07), good school performance (r= 0.07), assertiveness skills (r= 0.06), good social interaction (r= 0.06) and good communication skills (r= 0.05). The fostered boys had better EWB and SWB (x̅= 57.0, 60.3) than the girls (x̅= 54.9, 56.6), while the girls (x̅= 22.1) exhibited good social skills and trust than the boys (x̅= 18.0). Also, the private fostered adolescents (x̅ = 18.0) exhibited signs of greater comfort than those in the public homes (x̅ = 15.9). The AFHs were faced with the problems of attachment disorder, unhealthy development and low academic achievement. Foster home climate, foster officials’ religious beliefs, school climate, peer influence and media exposure positively influenced the emotional and social well-being of adolescents in foster homes in Southwestern Nigeria. Therefore, better social environment should be constantly sustained in foster care to ameliorate negative development of inmates. 1 results 1
- Construction work and industry, although highly important to Nigeria's developmental processes, is characterized by high level of risks occurrence and hazards. This raises concern about the type of safety training provided in the industry and the instructional method used in imparting such safety trainings. A pretest-postest control group quasi experimental design was used for the study. The experimental group was exposed to guided-practice training method and lecture method was conducted on the control group. Two construction industries were purposively selected based on the criteria of workers' size, number of customers and experience of health risks. The workers in the two organizations who met the study's inclusion criteria were randomised into GpTM (11) and Lecture method (12) (Control) groups while treatment lasted eight weeks. Construction Industry Occupational Health and Safety Competencies Questionnaire (r= 0.85) and Occupational Health and Safety Competencies Scale (r=0.78) were used in collecting data for the study. Data analysis was done using ANCOVA at 0.05 level of significance. There was a significant main effect of treatment on the occupational health and safety competencies of workers (F(1.17)= 15.693. P<0.05, η2= .480).). There was no significant main effect of level of literacy on occupational health and safety competencies among participants (F(1.19) = . 659, p>0.05, η = . 034), but the two-way interaction effect treatments and literacy was significant. Guided-practice training method was significant in enhancing the occupational health and safety competencies of construction workers. The training method should therefore be employed regularly in safety trainings to achieve improved health and safety competencies in the Nigerian construction industry. 1 results 1
- Construction workers 1 results 1
- Corruption 1 results 1
- Development 1 results 1
- General 1 results 1
- Guided-practice training method 1 results 1
- Literacy level 1 results 1
- Militancy 1 results 1
- Nigeria 1 results 1
- Nurses and Nursing 1 results 1
- Peremabiri Community 1 results 1
- Social well-being 1 results 1
- The phenomenon of corruption and militancy has become a serious threat to developmental efforts and good governance in Peremabiri community in Southern Ijaw local government area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The question is how can the disenabling issues be addressed to ensure sustainable peace and development for the community? The study used the greed/grievance theory and the pervasive theory of corruption to interrogate the forces driving corruption in the community. Qualitative data collected were content analysed to gain insight into how these disenabling phenomenon became entrenched for socio-political interaction in the community. It argues that militancy emerged in the community because of the level of corruption of the traditional rulers and their reliance on coercion to enforce compliance to their exploitative and oppressive rules. The paper concludes by emphasising the imperativeness of accountable, responsive and participatory governance as antidotes to corruption and militancy in the community. 1 results 1
- social well-being 1 results 1
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