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The reduced utility of a life plan as basis for the assessment of damages for personal injury and death by Koch, Robert Julius
Published 2012Get full text
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Nigeria 8 results 8
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- Agriculture, the main source of livelihood in Nigeria, especially in the rural areas, is plagued with various problems. As a result, most of the rural households are poor and are beginning to diversify their livelihoods into off and non-farm activities as a relevant source of income. This study examined the effect of livelihood diversification on the welfare of rural households in Ondo State. Primary data used in the study were obtained from 143 respondents selected employing a multistage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multinomial logit and the logit regression models. The distribution of respondents by the type of livelihood strategy adopted revealed that almost three-quarters of the respondents adopted the combination of farm and nonfarm strategy. Econometric analysis showed that household size, total household income and primary education of the household head were the dominant factors influencing the choice of livelihood strategies adopted. Income from non-farm activities, as well as income from a combination of non-farm and farming activities, impacted welfare positively relative to income from farming activities. The study recommends the promotion of non-farm employment as a good strategy for supplementing the income of farmers as well as sustaining equitable rural growth. 3 results 3
- Livelihood diversification 3 results 3
- Ondo State 3 results 3
- Ancient Rome 2 results 2
- Child mortality 2 results 2
- Diseases 2 results 2
- Economic growth 2 results 2
- Energy 2 results 2
- Epitaphium 2 results 2
- Lead isotopes 2 results 2
- Library 2 results 2
- Modern Ibadan 2 results 2
- Nigerians 2 results 2
- Pollution 2 results 2
- Poverty reduction 2 results 2
- Welfare 2 results 2
- outcome 2 results 2
- spinal tumor 2 results 2
- surgery 2 results 2
- " sedimentology, 1 results 1
- " Flow variability of ephemeral rivers due to spatial and temporal distribution of rain fall and unregulated exploitation of water resources is a major cause of severe water supply shortages. With appropriate conservation planning of surface waste resources through hydrological modeling, timing of extraction of large volume without adverse effects on downstream requirement can be predicted. This study attempts to develop water balance components for evaluating flow characteristics essential for conservation planning of ephemeral streams. Daily meteorological data spanning 1973-2006, obtained from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan weather station were used in developing predominant water balance model components of Ona Stream. Daily infiltration values were obtained using Crawford and Linsley’s model and interflow based on soil moisture levels. Data were statistically analyzed and developed models validated using 10 years meteorological data. Analyses showed that 93.4, 91.5 and 55.0 % variability in runoff was due to precipitation, groundwater storage and interflow respectively. Precipitation, interflow and groundwater storage were significant while evapotranspiration was insignificant (P.0.05) for runoff prediction. The water balance models simulated acceptable hydrologic processes such as interflow and groundwater storage which are generally difficult to measure directly. The R2 values obtained from validation range from 0.79 to 0.99. The water balance model thus improved the reliability of streamflow computation and other flow characteristics of the ephemeral Ona stream. It would appear that the ephemeral streamflow investigated depended more on the magnitude of precipitation interflow and groundwater flow while evapotranspiration (a major source of water loss in hydrologic water balance model) has relatively little effect on streamflow characteristics." 1 results 1
- "Background:Understanding the sources of contraceptive commodities is an important aspect of the delivery of family planning services and is required by planning programme managers for strategic planning purposes. Findings from the 2003 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey have previously showed that the private sector was the most frequently reported source of contraceptive supply, providing contraception to two and a half times as many women as the public sector. We conducted a community-based study to examine further the sources of contraceptive commodity for users in Nigeria with a view to identifying their preferences for distribution centres. This information would be useful to improve commodity distribution and to build the necessary capacity for satisfactory delivery of contraceptives. Methods and Findings:A multi-stage random sampling technique was used. A state was randomly selected to represent each of the four health zones in Nigeria. Two local government areas (LGAs) were then selected representing both urban and rural areas. Ten enumeration areas were subsequently selected from each LGA. Of the 2,001 respondents aged 15–49 years, 1,647 (82.3%) were sexually active, out of which 244 were found to be using contraceptive methods at the time of the study, giving a contraceptive prevalence of 14.8%. The commonest source of information on contraceptives was through friends (34%), followed by the radio (11.5%) and husbands (10.2%). Most respondents procured their contraceptives from chemist/patent medicine shops (19.7%), while only 0.8% obtained them from designated family planning clinics. The younger groups in this study (15–24 years), single people, Catholics, and Muslims, showed a greater preference for chemist/patent medicine shops for their sources of contraceptives. The older groups and married respondents, however, made use of government and private hospitals to obtain their contraceptives. Conclusion:Strategies to increase contraceptive use must take into consideration these identified sources of contraceptives with a view to enhancing the quality, quantity, and variety of methods available, and to building capacity for effective service delivery. There is also a need to encourage the establishment of adolescent-friendly clinics where young people can go for counselling and obtain contraceptives of their choice, including emergency contraceptive pills." 1 results 1
- "Field studies of outcrop samples from part of Anambra basin, southeastern Nigeria, were investigated to unravel the lithofacies distribution, provenance, palaeotectonic history as well as aspects of hydrocarbon potential of the basin. The sandstone facies of the Nkporo, Owelli, Mamu and Ajali Formations are cross bedded, medium to coarse grained, poorly sorted to moderately well sorted, negatively skewed and leptokurtic to platykurtic. Textural plots and multivariate parameters indicate fluvial to shallow marine environment. Paleocurrents signify southwest direction for the Nkporo and Ajali Formations while the Owelli Formation points to a northwest direction. The sandstones classify as quartz arenite with heavy mineral assemblages that revealed the presence of zircon, rutile, tourmaline, staurolite, sillimanite, kyanite, garnet and apatite; having ZTR index of 63 %. These typify products of weathering of basement rocks under humid climatic setting with long transportation and/or recycling history. Organic matter quantity of the shales ranges from mass fractions 0.89 % to 3.98 % TOC and Rock-eval parameters indicate immature, poor to fair hydrocarbon potential. Cross plots of rock eval parameters revealed gas proned terrestrially derived Types III and IV kerogen. It can be deduced that the sandstones were sourced from the Adamawa–Abakaliki folded belt and part of Oban Massif while the shales have prospect to generate gas at appropriate maturation, especially from the Nkporo Shale. " 1 results 1
- "It has been argued that Igbo complementisers are associated with more than one clause type and therefore, cannot be classified based on the type of clause they introduce. This assertion has not been further examined in Igbo as the paucity of studies on Igbo complementisers show. Hence, there is need to characterise Igbo complementisers based on features for the purpose of classification. This study, therefore, re-examines the syntax of Igbo complementisers with a view to determining their distribution and c-selection properties as well as distinguish them based on their features. Data for the study were gathered from primary and secondary sources. The study identified three main complementisers in Igbo. They are nà ‘that’, mà ‘if/whether’ and kà ‘that’. ‘na’ c-selects mostly embedded declarative clauses. ‘mà introduces mostly interrogative clauses where both the matrix and embedded clauses bear overt question morpheme, while ‘kà’ is the only complementiser that introduces subjunctive clauses. Based on their behaviours, the study posits that ‘na’ ‘‘mà and ‘kà’ have strong declarative, interrogative and subjunctive features respectively. Using distinctive feature matrix, the study characterised and distinguished Igbo complementiser. It was also observed that there is no agreement between complementiser and inflection as obtainable in English since Igbo complementisers are not specified for any tense that matches with that of the c-selected IP. The study concludes that Igbo complementisers can be classified using distinctive features. 1 results 1
- "Optimal allocation of products to downstream locations is a major requirement for minimizing the distribution costs associated with supply chain systems. Unfortunately many supply chain managers rely on their intuition and feelings to make these allocation decisions. In this study a mathematical model was developed for minimizing the distribution cost in a multi-product 2-echleon supply chain system. The distribution system of a leading bottling plant in Nigeria was studied to understand the underlying supply chain system . Attempt was made to identify system parameters, variables, limitations, criteria so as to be able to define the distribution problem The interactions and flow of products in the system were identified and characterized as a 2 echelon supply chain system. Mathematical model of the system was developed. The problem model, a linear program formulation with three major constraints; demand, availability and company policy requirements was parameterised based on demand data product availability data, company policies and unit transportation costs to various downstream locations. The model was solved for a 12 product 8 destination case. It was observed that the model application produces 6% reduction in the distribution cost compared to the existing practice of the company. It is concluded that the model is effective to reduce or minimize distribution expenses for any multiproduct multiple destination system and fulfilling demand at various destinations. " 1 results 1
- "Subsurface samples from the Akinside 1582 well, located within the eastern Dahomey Basin were evaluated to determine the lithofacies, depositional environment, and hydrocarbon potential of the basin. The sediments within the interval 138-197m consist of limestones, shales, mudstone and glauconite; thus representing sediments belonging to the Ewekoro and Akinbo Formations. The limestones are greyish, highly indurated, partly recrystallised and reveal six microfacies notably biosparite, shelly biomicrite, biomicrite, pel-biosparite, sandy-pelmicrite and sandy-biomicrite. The presence of gastropods, pelecypods, echinoderm, coralline algae, foraminifera and other skeletal debris indicate a shallow marine environment of deposition for the limestone. Total organic carbon (TOC) for the sediments range from 0.10 to 0.58wt% and 0.59 to 0.62wt% for the Ewekoro and Akinbo Formations respectively while soluble organic matter (SOM) are correspondingly 392ppm and 887 to 2472ppm. These suggest a poor through moderate to adequate organic matter. Plot of HI versus Ol indicates Type III and IV kerogens. Tmax value range from 362 to 467°C and cross plot of HI versus Tmax points to mainly immature to early mature sediments. The terpanes and sterane distributions indicate a marginally mature status for the sediments. Pristane/phytane ratio ranges from 0.13 to 0.24 and 1.88 for the Akinbo and Ewekoro Formations respectively, thus indicating both anoxic and oxic conditions of deposition. The abundance of pentacyclic triterpane of oleanane and hopane skeletons and C27 to C29 regular steranes in the bitumen, indicate mixed source rocks (marine and terrestrial) for the sediments. However, ternary plot of C27, C29 and C29 steranes strongly amplify terrestrial organic matter with prospect to generate gas rather than oil in the basin at appropriate maturation. " 1 results 1
- "The level of water pollution by heavy metals (Cu, Zn,Co, Ni, As, Mn, Cd, Cr, Pb) in twelve selected water Dams in Osun state were determined in order to know their distribution and possible source into the dams. Their bottom sediment and water were collected for analysis. The result in sediment showed that the concentration of manganese is high in all the dams with values ranging from 21, 27-775.99mg/kg and it spreads across all the locations. Cobalt was detected only at one location with concentration of 3.01md/kg. The result in water analysis showed that the concentration of zinc is more than that of manganese, almost in all the dams. The values detected were between 0.0618lng/kg and 0.5068mg/kg while that of manganese was between 0.011 2mg/kg and 0.1887 mg/kg. Cobalt and cadmium were not detected in all the dams. The variation in the concentration of these metals in sediment and water may be due to chemical factors such as solubility, ion exchange ratio and electrochemical deposition. The concentrations of all metals detected were below the standard limit for the heavy metals in surface water according to Regulatory authority Specification. Meanwhile, bioaccumulation of these metals in tissue of the body may be toxic to human health. " 1 results 1
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