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Demographic Factors, Organisational Climate and Culture as Determinants of Employees’ Quality of Work- Life in Organisations in Ogun and Lagos States, Nigeria
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Human rights of people with disability: some legal and ethical considerations
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Human rights of people with disability: some legal and ethical considerations
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Human rights of people with disability: some legal and ethical considerations
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- All human beings have the rights to life and dignity as persons, but with disabilities (PWDS), often experience human rights violations and exclusion from the mainstream of society. Exclusion and segregation against persons with disabilities occurs in forms of obvious discrimination such as the denial of educational opportunities. It can also occur in more subtle forms such as segregation and isolation resulting from the imposition of physical and social barriers. Effects of disability- based discrimination have been particularly severe in fields such as education, employment, housing, transport, cultural life and access to public places and services. Terms like distinction, exclusion, restriction, preference, or denial of reasonable accommodation on the basis of disability, are words that describe the treatment of PWDS, which negatively affect and impact on the recognition, enjoyment or exercise of the rights of persons with disabilities. Law, therefore, as a system of social engineering, has a lot of potentials to address these social trends which directly negate the human rights of PWDS in all areas of life. This paper examines the relevant legal issues for the realisation of the rights of PWDS including legislative provisions and policies, human rights protection and promotion and the place of affirmative action. The methodology used in this paper is the in-depth content analysis of primary sources in form of relevant legal instruments and other secondary sources in the form of relevant textbooks, journal articles, electronic materials and others. First, various forms of rights violations or denials leading to abuses are discussed and documented. The paper also shows that disability affects people irrespective of race, colour, gender, political or religious inclinations and that PWDS are generally vulnerable to being discriminated against and excluded from the mainstream of society. The paper concludes that the law, if well enacted and enforced, is capable not only of redressing discrimination against PWDS, but by affirmative action, it can create a level playing ground by mandating certain steps which will engender the protection and promotion of the rights of PWDS in Nigeria. 2 results 2
- Auditory training 2 results 2
- Computer Science & IT 2 results 2
- Conversion Coating 2 results 2
- Corrosion 2 results 2
- Disabilities 2 results 2
- Engineering & Technology 2 results 2
- Institutions 2 results 2
- It is necessary to coat both the internal and external surfaces of pipelines which transport different types of fluids that are usually contaminated with various percentages of aggressive corrosives. Pipelines pass through various terrains and highly challenging environments hence the need for both internal and external coatings to prevent corrosion and its adverse effects. In order to improve on the longevity of pipelines and the adhesion of the coating system, it is preferable to conversion coat blasted surfaces prior to application of any coating system. Improvements in pipeline coatings applications and the often neglected chromating procedure prior to coating application have been highlighted. This will prolong the lifespan of pipeline networks and secure these strategic assets from being a source of both materials and human resources drain pipes. However, the use of corrosion resistant alloys as internal lining for carbon steel pipes in the petroleum/gas industry is fast gaining recognition. 2 results 2
- Macroeconomic Indicators 2 results 2
- Merozoite surface protein-119 (MSP-119) specific antibodies which include processing inhibitory, blocking and neutral antibodies have been identified in individuals exposed to Plasmodium falciparum. Here we intend to look at the effect of single and multiple amino acid substitutions of MSP-119 on the recognition by polyclonal antibodies from children living in Igbo-Ora, Nigeria. This would provide us with information on the possibility of eliciting mainly processing inhibitory antibodies with a recombinant MSP-119 vaccine. Blood was collected from children in the rainy season and binding of anti-MSP-119 antibodies to modified mutants of MSP-119 was analysed by ELISA. The MSP-119 mutant proteins with single substitutions at positions 22 (Leu→Arg), 43 (Glu→Leu) and 53 (Asn→Arg) and the MSP-119 mutant protein with multiple substitutions at positions 27 + 31 + 34 + 43 (Glu→Tyr, Leu→Arg, Tyr→Ser, Glu→Leu); which had inhibitory epitopes; had the highest recognition. Children recognised both sets of mutants with different age groups having different recognition levels. The percentage of malaria positive individuals (32–80%) with antibodies that bound to the mutants MSP-119 containing epitopes that recognise only processing inhibitory and not blocking antibodies, were significantly different from those with antibodies that did not bind to these mutants (21–28%). The amino acid substitutions that abolished the binding of blocking antibodies without affecting the binding of inhibitory antibodies are of particular interest in the design of MSP-119 based malaria vaccines. Although these MSP-119 mutants have not been found in natural population, their recognition by polyclonal antibodies from humans naturally infected with malaria is very promising for the future use of MSP-119 mutants in the design of a malaria vaccine. 2 results 2
- Oil Revenue 2 results 2
- Oil/Gas Industry 2 results 2
- Orthopaedic injuries contribute to most musculo-skeletal health challenges in developing societies partly due to increasing rate of technological advancement and its associated consequences. Despite the little recognition experienced, traditional orthopaedic service due to the 'severity of most orthopaedic injuries which sometimes 'left patients incapacitated, decision making regarding treatment is sometimes determined by significant others and has implication for patients well being. This forms the focuss of this paper which is hinged on the health belief model as framework for explanation. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to elicit data. Questionnaire was administered to 357 randomly selected orthopaedic patients, while In-depth Interview (IDI) was conducted with 7patients and 14 practitioners. Findings revealed that majority of the patients (73.1%) belonged to the active age group (21-60 years); were males (74.5%) who engaged in occupations that predisposed them to orthopaedic injuries. Referral was mainly effected by family members (43:2%), former TOSP's patients (35.4%), friends (13.0%), and members of practitioners' ethnic groups (8.0%) who made these decisions because they were privy to effective treatment offered by the TOSPs. Intensive capacity building and collaboration with western practitioners was recommended for improved delivery of orthopaedic care. 2 results 2
- Orthopaedic injury 2 results 2
- Pipeline 2 results 2
- Recent events around the world have made humans more conscious of the environment in which they live. Since the environment is not subject to human command, attention must focus on how to use the instrumentality of the law, a potent weapon of social control, to regulate human activities that abuse the environment and unleash devastating consequences on the entire ecosystem. This work is a survey of efforts at enhancing the quality of life in Nigeria viewed from the prism of environmental law. It highlights constitutional provisions, statutory enactments and institutional framework, and judicial remedies that seek to protect the environment. The work also offers useful suggestions on how to ameliorate the deplorable environmental situation in Nigeria by improved enforcement of extant laws, efficient coordination of relevant government agencies, effective utilization of delegated legislative authority, reform of the legal landscape by conferment of statutory standing to sue in environment- related cases and the recognition of the right to a healthy environment as a constitutional right 2 results 2
- Recent events around the world have made humans more conscious of the environment in which they live. Since the environment is not subject to human command, attention must focus on how to use the instrumentality of the law, a potent weapon of social control, to regulate human activities that abuse the environment and unleash devastating consequences on the entire ecosystem. This work is a survey of efforts at enhancing the quality of life in Nigeria viewed from the prism of environmental law. It highlights constitutional provisions, statutory enactments and institutional framework, and judicial remedies that seek to protect the environment. The work also offers useful suggestions on how to ameliorate the deplorable environmental situation in Nigeria by improved enforcement of extant laws, efficient coordination of relevant government agencies, effective utilization of delegated legislative authority, reform of the legal landscape by conferment of statutory standing to sue in environment- related cases and the recognition of the right to a healthy environment as a constitutional right. 2 results 2
- Significant others 2 results 2
- The influx of massive revenues during periods of abnormally high oil prices creates enormous challenges for policy-makers in oil-producing countries. In Nigeria, the prudent utilisation of oil revenues has remained elusive for policy-makers over time. While the country has earned sizeable oil revenues from its natural endowment, poverty and income inequality have been persistent. This study tests the sensitivity of several important macroeconomic indicators to oil revenue shocks. We additionally test for the effect of ‘institutional quality’, in recognition of the important role played by the domestic institutional context in shaping the policy responses adopted by successive Nigerian governments to oil windfalls over time. The sensitivity analysis supports the general view that fluctuations in oil revenues have resulted in inflation, lower output growth and real exchange rate appreciation in Nigeria. More importantly, the aforementioned institutional variable is found to be very significant. This finding is consistent with the general assessment of fiscal performance in Nigeria during oil windfalls as being driven by domestic institutional dynamics. Ostentatious public consumption widened fiscal deficits, and government spending has been highly pro-cyclical during windfall episodes. In conclusion, the study offers appropriate policy recommendations, which could be adopted to enhance the management of future oil windfalls in Nigeria. 2 results 2
- Traditional 2 results 2
- Utilization 2 results 2
- Word Recognition 2 results 2
- Access to healthcare 1 results 1
- Acoupedic Therapy 1 results 1
- Affect Recognition 1 results 1
- Aided language stimulation 1 results 1
- All human beings have the rights to life and dignity as persons, but with disabilities (PWDS), often experience human rights violations and exclusion from the mainstream of society. Exclusion and segregation against persons with disabilities occurs in forms ofobvious discrimination such as the denial of educational opportunities. It can also occur in more subtle forms such as segregation and isolation resulting from the imposition of physical and social barriers. Effects of disability- based discrimination have been particularly severe in fields such as education, employment, housing, transport, cultural life and access to public places and services. Terms like distinction, exclusion, restriction, preference, or denial of reasonable accommodation on the basis of disability, are words that describe the treatment of PWDS, which negatively affect and impact on the recognition, enjoyment or exercise of the rights of persons with disabilities. Law, therefore, as a system of social engineering, has a lot of potentials to address these social trends which directly negate the human rights of PWDS in all areas of life. This paper examines the relevant legal issues for the realisation of the rights of PWDS including legislative provisions and policies, human rights protection and promotion and the place of affirmative action. The methodology used in this paper is the in-depth content analysis of primary sources in form of relevant legal instruments and other secondary sources in the form of relevant textbooks, journal articles, electronic materials and others. First, various forms of rights violations or denials leading to abuses are discussed and documented. The paper also shows that disability affects people irrespective of race, colour, gender, political or religious inclinations and that PWDS are generally vulnerable to being discriminated against and excluded from the mainstream of society. The paper concludes that the law, if well enacted and enforced, is capable not only of redressing discrimination against PWDS, but by affirmative action, it can create a level playing ground by mandating certain steps which will engender the protection and promotion of the rights of PWDS in Nigeria 1 results 1
- Arabic sufi literature 1 results 1
- Background Patent medicine vendors (PMVs) play vital roles in the delivery of family planning services in Nigeria and other developing countries. There is a growing recognition of the need to integrate them into the formal health care system as a strategy to increase the contraceptive prevalence rate and achieve universal health coverage.Though promising, the success of this proposition is largely dependent on a critical analysis of the factors which influence their operations. This study was designed to identify the contextual factors influencing the provision of injectable contraceptive services by PMVs and the broader effects of their activities on the health system to inform similar interventions in Nigeria. Methods This was a qualitative study guided by the UK Medical Research Council’s Framework for Complex Interventions. Twenty-seven in-depth interviews were conducted among officials of the association of PMVs, health workers, government regulatory officers and programme implementers who participated in a phased 3-year (2015–2018) intervention designed to enhance the capacity of PMVs to deliver injectable contraceptive services. The data were transcribed and analyzed thematically using NVIVO software. Results The contextual factors which had implications on the roles of PMVs were socio-cultural and religious, the failing Nigerian health system coupled with government regulatory policies. Other factors were interprofessional tensions and rivalry between the PMVs and some categories of health care workers and increasing donors’ interest in exploring the potentials of PMVs for expanded healthcare service provision. According to the respondents, the PMVs bridged the Nigerian health system service delivery gaps serving as the first point of contact for injectable contraceptive services and this increased contraceptive uptake in the study sites. A negative effect of their operation is the tendency to exceed their service provision limits, which has spurred a planned tiered PMV accreditation system. Conclusions This study has highlighted the contextual factors which define the roles and scope of practice of PMVs involved in injectable contraceptive service provision. Strategies and interventions aimed at expanding the healthcare delivery roles of PMVs must be encompassing to address the broader contextual factors which underpin their capacities and functions. 1 results 1
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