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DETERMINANTS OF RESIDENTIAL HOUSING CHOICE IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Published 2011-09Call Number: Loading…
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HOUSE-OWNERSHIP, PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AND THE MODERATING EFFECT OF NEIGHBOURHOOD ON LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG RESIDENTS IN IBADAN METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
Published 2015-09Call Number: Loading…
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CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER AFTER OOPHORECTOMY
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Breast Cancer 1 results 1
- Cardiovascular risk 1 results 1
- House-ownership 1 results 1
- Household income 1 results 1
- Housing price 1 results 1
- Life satisfaction 1 results 1
- Life satisfaction, identified as one of the important components of quality of life, is generally low in Nigeria. Most studies on life satisfaction have been focused on the effects of psychological factors to the neglect of the importance of house-ownership and neighbourhood effect. This study, therefore, investigated the influence of house-ownership, religious commitment, self-esteem, social support, personality factors and the moderating effect of neighbourhood on life satisfaction among residents in Ibadan metropolis. The Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory provided the framework for this study. Using a 5-way factorial design and a multistage sampling technique, five of the eleven Local Government Areas (LGAs) in the metropolis were purposively selected. Based on the list of enumeration areas for 2005 census, 10 enumeration areas each were selected from the LGAs with simple random technique. The number of houses on the selected enumeration areas were determined with enumeration area maps. Two hundred and twenty households each were selected from the LGAs using systematic technique making a total of 1,100 houses. The selected houses were marked and the household heads were sampled. A structured questionnaire focusing on socio-demographic profile, life satisfaction scale (r=0.74), religious commitment scale (r=0.72), the big 5 personality inventory (r=0.76), self-esteem scale (r=0.61) and a multi-dimensional scale of perceived social support (r=0.87) was administered to the participants. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and multiple regression at 0.05 level of significance. The participants’ age was 42.11+15.20 years. There were 56.2% females. Participants’ educational qualification was 9.9% no formal education, 23.7% primary education, 29.9% secondary education and 36.5 tertiary education. There were 89.5% Yoruba, 5.9% Igbo, 3.4% Hausa and 1.2% other ethnic groups. Participants’ marital status was 79.6% married, 1.7% separated, 0.27% divorced, 4.9% widowed and 13.5% nevermarried. There were 42.5% Christians, 56.6% Muslims and 0.9% traditional worshippers. Respondents’ house-ownership status was 31.9% house-owners and 68.1% renters. There were 18.0% participants from the low density areas, 54.1% from the high density areas and 27.9% from the medium density areas. House-ownership, neighbourhood effects, religious commitment and social support jointly predicted life satisfaction (R2=10.0; F=24.75). House-ownership interacted with openness to predict life satisfaction (F(1,928)=4.39). Neighbourhood significantly moderated the effect of house-ownership on life satisfaction (F(2,926)=2.94). There was a significant interaction effect of religious commitment and social support on life satisfaction (F(1,237)=4.15). Conscientiousness significantly interacted with agreeableness to predict life satisfaction (F(1,686)=4.15). There was an interaction effect of neuroticism and educational qualification on life satisfaction (F(3,658)=7.24) and there was a significant interaction effect of self-esteem on gender to predict life satisfaction (F(1,685)=5.40). House-ownership was not crucial but neighbourhood was essential in improving life satisfaction. Emphasis should be placed on neighbourhood effect in improving life satisfaction 1 results 1
- Multinomial logit model 1 results 1
- Neighbourhood effect 1 results 1
- Oophorectomy 1 results 1
- Oophorectomy is a management modality for Pre-Menopausal women with Breast Cancer (PMBC) resulting in reduced oestrogen levels and artificial menopause. Metabolic alterations occur during natural menopause while reduced levels of oestrogen (a known cardioprotective factor) may alter plasma lipids, lipoproteins and other cardiovascular risk factors. The effects of low estrogen levels, which occur in oophorectomised women are not known. This study was therefore designed to investigate the effects of oophorectomy on cardiovascular risk factors. In this longitudinal study, 69 women were recruited from the University College Hospital, Ibadan and environs. They consisted of 25 PMBC age-matched with 25 Pre-Menopausal women without Breast Cancer-Control (PreMC) and 19 Post Menopausal women without Breast Cancer as control for oophorectomised women (PostMC). Demographic (age, ethnicity, occupation and educational status), reproductive history (parity, age at menarche and menopause, age at first live birth, stage and duration of disease), Body Mass Index (BMI) and blood pressure (systolic-SBP and diastolic-DBP) were obtained from all groups by standard methods. Blood (10 mL) was collected at the luteal phase from PreMC, PostMC, PMBC before oophorectomy and 1, 3 and 6 months after oophorectomy. Plasma obtained was used for analyses of total Cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDLC) and triglycerides levels by spectrophotometric methods. Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDLC) and Very Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (VLDLC) concentrations were computed using Friedwald’s formulae while estradiol level was assayed by EIA. Ratios of HDLC to TC, LDLC to HDLC and triglyceride to HDLC (indicative of low density lipoprotein particle size) were also evaluated. Data were analysed using ANOVA, Student’s t test and Pearson correlation coefficient and differences significant at p=0.05. Significantly lower triglycerides (134.810.0mg/dL, 171.223.0mg/dL), VLDLC (27.02.9mg/dL, 34.21.9mg/dL) levels and triglyceride to HDLC ratio (5.90.8, 15.04.3) but higher estradiol (261.019.0pg/mL, 102.1229.3pg/ml), DBP (78.82.1mmHg, 70.12.5mmHg) and SBP (1233.8mmHg, 112.43.2mmHg) levels were observed in PMBC before oophorectomy compared with PreMC respectively. PostMC had significantly higher SBP (125.34.9mmHg, 112.43.2mmHg) and TC levels (165.413.1mg/dL, 127.211.4mg/dl) than PreMC respectively. The BMI (kg/m2) of PMBC, PreMC and PostMC were similar (25.0, 25.2 and 26.0 respectively). The PMBC at 3 months had increased levels of triglycerides (182.021.0mg/dL, 135.010.8mg/dL), VLDLC (36.51.4mg/dL, 27.02.0mg/dL) and TC (185.517.6mg/dL, 135.29.8mg/dL) compared with PMBC before oophorectomy respectively. When PMBC at 3 months was compared with PostMC, the HDLC (36.04.1mg/dL, 25.02.7 mg/dL) and estradiol (158.331.5pg/mL, 55.310.6pg/mL) levels were significantly higher. The HDLC level was also higher in PMBC at 6 months compared to PostMC (47.18.8mg/dL, 25.02.7mg/dL). The plasma estradiol level of PMBC before oophorectomy reduced from 261.069pg/mL to 7723.4pg/mL at 1 month, increased to 158.0 31.5pg/mL at 3 months but reduced to 89.025pg/mL at 6 months. Elevated levels of high density lipoprotein and estradiol were found in oophorectomised women with breast cancer. Increased estrogen from one month to six months after oophorectomy could be due to extraglandular estrogen production. The safe effects of oophorectomy on lipids and lipoproteins in premenopausal Nigerian women with breast cancer suggest low cardiovascular risk. 1 results 1
- Pre-menopausal lipoproteins 1 results 1
- Psychosocial factors 1 results 1
- Residential choice 1 results 1
- Residential densities 1 results 1
- The developing world is changing from one of rural villages to that of urban dwellings. The population of Lagos, which stood at 270,000 in 1952/53, rose to 5.69 million in 1991 and was estimated to be 18 million in 2010. This has created excessive demand for housing. Available statistics on housing production showed that between 1974 and 1989, 11422 units of houses were produced. This number fell precipitously to 8162 units between 1994 and 2004. The estimated housing deficit for Lagos in 2010 was 5 million representing 28% of the estimated national housing deficit. The gap between housing delivery and housing demand, engendered by population growth, has necessitated competition and choice making from the available housing alternatives. The literature hardly takes adequate account of the economic and related factors influencing residential housing choice decisions in Third World cities. This study, therefore, investigated the socio-economic determinants of residential housing choice in Lagos, Nigeria. A multinomial logit model, based on the neoclassical consumption framework augmented by hedonic pricing approach, was used to determine the socio-economic determinants of residential housing choice. The specific variables considered were household income, housing price, household size, marital status, ethnicity, gender, and age. The model allowed for the classification of housing units as single-household, multi-household houses, a flat in a block of flats, duplexes, a room in the main building and squatters’ settlements, across high, medium and low density areas. It also has the advantage of comparing the various residential housing choices with the base category (multi-household houses). Cross-sectional data from 4,433 randomly selected rented dwellings across the 20 local government areas in Lagos were used. Diagnostic tests, the variance inflation factor and Box-Cox transformation were used to correct for multicollinearity and functional specification problems. Household income, housing price, household size, marital status and age were the main determinants of the residential housing choice of households. The effects of gender and ethnic variables were not statistically significant. Household income would increase preferences and probabilities for flats, duplexes and single household houses by 7.24, 4.87 and 3.23 times respectively over multi-household houses. The probabilities, however, decreased by 0.02 and 0.85 times for squatters’ settlements and a room in the main building relative to multi-household houses. Households preferences would increase for flats and duplexes by 4.58 and 3.50 times relative to multi-household houses when there is an increase in housing price. The probabilities for squatters’ settlements and a room in the main building are likely to fall by 0.33 and 0.47 times respectively relative to the base category. All these results were statistically significant at the 5.00% level. Other factors such as household size, marital status and age were also statistically significant at the 10.00% level across different residential density areas. Household income and housing price stood out prominently as the major determinants of residential housing choice in Lagos. Economic factors were more important than demographic variables across different residential density areas. Meeting residential needs would require policies aimed at improving incomes and setting appropriate housing prices. 1 results 1
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