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An electronic shopping system with a recommendation agent
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EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON DRACUNCULIASIS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) 2 results 2
- Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook. f.) is traditionally propagated by seeds, which have low viability after pod harvest, low percentage germination, and poor root development and often germinate during storage. The competition between use of seeds for consumption and propagation causes scarcity of propagules, necessitating development of more efficient propagation systems. Efficient protocols were developed for the induction of somatic embryos (SEs) and conversion into plantlets using cotyledons from mature zygotic embryos. This study evaluated the effects of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin (25 combinations) on the induction of SEs, and of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 2,4-D, and kinetin (7 combinations) on conversion of SEs into plantlets. Significantly more SEs (381.7; p<0.01) were obtained on medium with 0.5 mg l−1 2,4-D and 0.1 mg l−1 kinetin than from the other 24 treatments after 4 wk of cotyledon culture. All SEs were obtained through an intermediary callus. For the production of SE-derived plantlets, treatments with 0.01 mg l−1 IAA and 0.02 mg l−1 kinetin resulted in significantly more shoots and roots than other treatments (p<0.001 for each) and gave 100% conversion of SEs to plantlets. The mean numbers of roots and shoots on this treatment were 3.7 and 1.3, respectively, and the mean shoot length was 2.2 cm. The plantlets had broad leaves and good vigor, similar to the parent cultivar. Nearly all plantlets (98–100%) survived acclimatization. The production of SEs from cotyledons and the high rate of conversion into quality plants will allow development of a mass production system for Telfairia planting material to meet the increasing demand for this crop. 2 results 2
- Germination 2 results 2
- Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) 2 results 2
- Kinetin 2 results 2
- Micropropagation 2 results 2
- Vivipary 2 results 2
- A study was carried out on the assessment of heavy metal bioaccumulation in wild fish (Clarias gariepinus) consumed in Wukari area of Taraba State in Nigeria between July and November 2016. Twenty-two (22) market sizes smoke-dried fish (C. gariepinus) were randomly bought from the Wukari markets in Taraba State in July 2016 and burned to ashes with a furnace at a temperature of 400°C for two hours and stored in sample bottles prior to acid digestion. Concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Mn and Co) in the dried fish samples was analyzed using Buck Scientific Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed that the mean concentration of highly toxic Cd and Pb was below the World Health Organization’s (WHO) guideline limits of 0.05 ppm and 1.0 ppm respectively. The essential Cu concentration in the liver (32 ppm) exceeded the WHO set limit of 30 ppm while the other organs were below it. Fifty percent (50%) of the organs (bones, liver and muscles) exceeded the WHO guideline limit of 0.07 ppm for Ni, while the gills, fins and skin were below it. The mean Mn concentration in all the organs were below the FEPA guideline limit. The results showed that the mean toxic heavy metal Cd and Pb in the organs of the fish C. gariepinus were below the World Health Organization (WHO) limit and therefore safe for human consumption. Essential heavy metals like Cu and Ni were slightly above WHO guideline limit in some organs which means consumption quantity should be in moderation. It is therefore recommended that regular biomonitoring studies on heavy metals should be carried out on fish species widely consumed in the area for public health good 1 results 1
- Actor-merchants 1 results 1
- Adequate consumption of protein is indispensable for human growth and health. Nigeria has a high burden of protein deficiency with attendant loss of economic productivity and high health bills due to ill-health. Owing to paucity of information on demand for protein foods among Nigerian youths, the study assessed the demand for protein foods among students of the University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. The data collected from 300 students through a multi-stage sampling procedure were analysed using descriptive statistics and Quadratic Almost Ideal System model (QUAIDS). The results have shown that some of the price coefficients expectedly had a negative relationship with the expenditures. The youths also spent more on beans and chicken but spent less on groundnut. Furthermore, expenditure elasticities of all protein foods were positive. Moreover, expenditure elasticities for beans, eggs, beef and goat meat showed that they were necessities goods, whereas chicken, turkey, soy milk, pork, groundnut and milk were luxury goods. Both compensated and uncompensated elasticity showed that own-price elasticities for the selected protein food items were inelastic, with the exception of goat meat. Demand for protein foods was influenced by own-prices of the protein foods, prices of other protein foods and being a male student. In order to meet their daily dietary needs within a limited budget, students should substitute expensive protein sources like chicken, goat meat, beef and turkey with cheaper ones like groundnut, soymilk, beans and eggs in their diets. 1 results 1
- African star apple Chrysophyllum albidum G.Don, (Sapotaceae) is an important forest tree species and valued for its fruits among forest dwellers across West and Central Africa. Utilization efficiency of the fruit pulp in Nigeria is limited to consumption as fruit snack during its season. Hence there are a lot of wastages offruits which are not marketed within few days of harvesting. Processing of the fruit pulp for industrial development may promote better utilization efficiency and sustainable management of the species. The study therefore investigated the potentials of the fruit pulp of the species in wine production. Fruits used for the study were collected from old and young trees at Laniba, Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria. Ripe fruits were plucked from young and old trees and the juice extracted from the fruit pulp. The wine was prepared by fermenting the juice, using graded levels of sucrose to produce dry and sweet wines. Chemical, microbial, heavy metals and sensory properties of the wine were determined. Heavy metals concentrations were within the WHO limits. Young and old trees fruit wines contain: Cr (22.74ppm/mg, 20.46ppm/mg), Pb (8.4ppm/mg, 2.4ppm/mg) and Mn (10.8ppm/mg, 9.6ppm/mg) respectively. The ascorbic acid contents were higher in old tree and sweet wine samples than young tree and dry wine samples (3.28 and 3.59%) and (2.06 and 2.11%) respectively. African star apple has good potentials as a raw material for fruit wine production. Food industries may consider the adoption of this indigenous species for fruit wine production 1 results 1
- An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed for the analysis and prediction of the relationship between cutting and process parameters during high-speed turning of nickel-based, Inconel 718, alloy. The input parameters of the ANN model are the cutting parameters: speed, feed rate, depth of cut, cutting time, and coolant pressure. The output parameters of the model are seven process parameters measured during the machining trials, namely tangential force (cutting force, Fz), axial force (feed force, Fx), spindle motor power consumption, machined surface roughness, average flank wear (VB), maximum flank wear (VBmax) and nose wear (VC). The model consists of a three-layered feedforward backpropagation neural network. The network is trained with pairs of inputs/outputs datasets generated when machining Inconel 718 alloy with triple (TiCN/Al2O3/TiN) PVD-coated carbide (K 10) inserts with ISO designation CNMG 120412. A very good performance of the neural network, in terms of agreement with experimental data, was achieved. The model can be used for the analysis and prediction of the complex relationship between cutting conditions and the process parameters in metal-cutting operations and for the optimisation of the cutting process for efficient and economic production. 1 results 1
- Avian Influenza (AI) is a serious public health problem in Nigeria and Primary Health Care (PHC) workers have important roles to play in its control. However, their knowledge and practices relating to AI have not been fully investigated. This study was designed to determine the knowledge, perceptions and practices of PHC workers relating to AI prevention and control in Akinyele, Egbeda, Lagelu, Ido and Oluyole areas of Ibadan. A total population study was planned. However, only 515 of the 718 PHC workers in the LGAs consented to participate. A semi-structured questionnaire which included a 61- point knowledge scale and questions on perceptions and practices was used for data collection. Knowledge scores of 0-30, 31-45 and 46-61 were rated as poor, fair and good respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, t-test, ANOVA and logistic regression with level of significance set at 0.05. The respondents comprised 32.6% Health Assistants (HAs), 30.7% Senior Community Health Extension Workers (SCHEWs), 12.2% Junior Community Health Extension Workers (JCHEWs), 11.8% Community Health Officers (CHOs), 10.7% nurses/midwives, 1.0% doctors and 1.0% pharmacists. Their mean age was 38.4 ± 8.7 years and 81.9% were females. All respondents had heard about AI, 49.5% were aware that its spread is facilitated by birds and 7.6% were aware that it could easily spread in health care centres. Sources of information about AI included radio (68.3%), television (66.8%) and professional peers (56.5%). Overall mean knowledge score was 37.2 ± 9.4. Mean knowledge scores for males and females were 39.8 ± 8.4 and 36.6 ± 9.6 respectively with a significant difference. Significant differences were also observed in the knowledge scores for different cadres: doctors 54.5 ± 2.1, pharmacists 41.2 ± 6.1, nurses/midwives 39.7 ± 6.9, CHOs 39.5 ± 7.7, SCHEWs 38.0 ± 7.9, JCHEWs 35.8 ± 11.8 and HAs 34.2 ± 11.4. Respondents with poor, fair and good knowledge scores of AI were 21.4%, 60.6% and 18.1% respectively. Consumption of infected birds/fowls (82.1%) was a major mode of transmission of AI to human populations mentioned by respondents. The correctly identified symptoms of AI included coughing (68.9%), shortness of breath (66.8%) and body temperature greater than 38ºC (63.3%). The correctly mentioned medications for managing AI were Tamiflu (11.1%) and Relenza (2.1%). Only 13.2% perceived themselves to be vulnerable to AI and 56.7% rightly perceived all age groups to be susceptible to it. Respondents with tertiary education were 6.0 times more likely to perceive AI to be serious than those with non-tertiary education (95% CI, 0.5-4.9). Preventive practices adopted by respondents against AI included wearing of gloves (92.2%), equipment sterilization (82.9%) and hand washing using water, soap and disinfectants (70.9%). Gaps in knowledge and misconceptions relating to vulnerability to avian influenza infection existed among the health workers. However, many of them adopted effective preventive measures. There is need for training to bridge the identified gaps. 1 results 1
- Avian influenza knowledge 1 results 1
- Background: Maternal mortality has been an issue of concern in developing countries of which Nigeria is one. These deaths are preventable if the health facilities are utilized, births are attended by skilled health providers and complications attended to promptly. Statistics have shown that, though over fifty percent of women attend ANC but less than forty percent are delivered by a skilled birth attendant. Objective or Aims: This study ascertains the factors influencing the choice of health care provider by women during childbirth in Ibadan, Oyo state Nigeria. Methodology: A descriptive design was used to elicit information from mothers attending postnatal and immunization clinics of selected hospitals. All the women attending the clinics were selected. Self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information and the data collected were analyzed using percentage, frequency and chi square test. Results: The results of the study revealed that 76.9% of the women identified midwives as the most skilled for delivery but only 43.6% are being delivered by midwives. Over, 60% had poor perception and negative attitude towards the midwives. Some of the factors identified to influence delivery from a TBA are ignorance, lack of alternative, accessibility, lesser time consumption and availability. Income of women and satisfaction with services provided does not have significant association with the choice of health care provider (p= 0.180) but age was significantly associated with choice of Provider (p=0.017). Conclusions: Community based awareness, education and counselling, alongside improving midwives’ interpersonal skill with effective collaboration, monitoring and supervision of both TBAs and midwives will enhance good choices. 1 results 1
- Bioaccumulation||Heavy Metals|| Clarias gariepinus|| Fish|| Wukari 1 results 1
- Boutique 1 results 1
- Chrysophyllum albidum 1 results 1
- Commodity price shocks Social accounting matrix 1 results 1
- Computable General Equilibrium Model 1 results 1
- Consumers 1 results 1
- Controlled diet 1 results 1
- Cultural strategies 1 results 1
- Demand elasticities 1 results 1
- Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease of public health importance in Nigeria. However patients’ knowledge, perceptions, practices and experiences relating to DM seems not to have been sufficiently investigated. This study was therefore designed to determine DM-related knowledge, perception, illness-related experiences and treatment compliance among diabetics in selected hospitals in Ibadan. The study was a cross-sectional survey involving systematic random sample of 600 out of 2,115 diabetes patients receiving treatment at the following purposively selected health care facilities: University College Hospital, Ring-Road State Hospital and Oluyoro Catholic Hospital. The semi-structured questionnaire used for data collection included 45-point knowledge and 32-point perception scales, questions on socio-demographic characteristics, illness-related experiences and treatment compliance. Knowledge scores of 1- 20, 21 - 35 and 36 - 45 were considered poor, fair and good respectively. Perception scores of ≤16 and ≥ 17 points were categorized as negative and positive respectively. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and t-test were used for data analysis at p< 0.05. Mean age of the respondents was 63.9 ± 8.6 years, 75.3% were married and 62.7% were females. Respondents’ sources of information about DM included doctor (41.0%), radio (29.3%) and friends (27.3%). Mean knowledge score was 36.6 ± 5.8. Respondents with poor, fair, and good knowledge were 2.5%, 32.5%, and 65.0% respectively. Majority (87.8%) were aware that diabetics could take most food substances in small amounts. Respondents’ mean perception score was 21.8 ± 4.8. The positive perceptions included views that DM cannot be cured (69.2%) and Physical Exercise (PE) can be used to control DM (90.0%) while negative perceptions included views that it is the best types of food health care providers tell diabetics not to eat (68.7%), and too much time is wasted in the clinic (75.8%). Respondents with overall negative and positive perceptions were 6.0% and 94.0% respectively. Perceived diabetic-related symptoms experienced within three months preceding the study included: cramps (72.0%), excessive hunger (73.8%), profuse sweating (75.5%) and severe thirst (77.8%). None of the respondents complied with all the DM recommended treatment practices. Non–compliance related practices among the respondents’ included: failure to go to the hospital for regular checkup (51.5%), failure to take drugs as a result of forgetfulness (50.2%) and excessive consumption of food which ought to be taken in small quantities (43.8%). A major challenge faced by the diabetics was high cost of drugs as stated by the respondents (69.0%). There was no significant difference in respondents’ mean scores by sex (male=36.6 ± 5.6; female = 36.5 ± 6.0). Similarly, there was no significant association between perception that DM could be controlled by PE and respondents’ age. Knowledge of majority of respondents was high and many had appropriate perceptions needed to cope with the disease. However, inadequate compliance with various measures for managing the disease constitutes a concern which could be addressed by patient education and social support. 1 results 1
- Diabetes mellitus knowledge 1 results 1
- Diabetes- related perceptions 1 results 1
- Diabetes-related challenges 1 results 1
- End-of-life utility 1 results 1
- Fruit 1 results 1
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