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The socio-economic implication of climatic change, desert encroachment and communal conflicts in Northern Nigeria
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Family, Community and School Factors as Predictors of Early School Adjustment and Achievement of Children-At-Risk in Plateau and Nasarawa States, Nigeria
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Human right-based approach to disaster risk management
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THE DISCOURSE OF GENERATIONAL DIFFERENCE IN SELECTED NOVELS OF MAYA ANGELOU AND TERRY MCMILLAN
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Africa 5 results 5
- Internally Displaced Persons 4 results 4
- Displacement 2 results 2
- Human Rights 2 results 2
- Internally displaced persons 2 results 2
- Nigeria 2 results 2
- This chapter investigates media reportage of human right abuses and sexual violence against internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Nigeria. Using the social responsibility theory, it analyses how the media frames, prominence, slant and whether the Nigeria media employed investigative reports in its reportage of human rights abuses against IDPs. The chapter through a quantitative content analysis of 157 editions of two purposely selected newspapers (the Vanguard NG and the Daily Trust), found that the media failed to contextualise the stories in relation to its causes, solutions and in identifying perpetrators for justice to be served, similarly, the media took sides with victims of the violations. It also failed to accord the required prominence and necessary investigative touch to such stories. It is recommended that there should be frequent trainings for journalists so as to safeguard professionalism in the industry. 2 results 2
- African American literature 1 results 1
- African American literature has been predominantly a male-preserve in the task of narrating the experience of slavery and its relics of denigration before the advent of reactionary literature by black female writers. Studies on female-authored African American literary works have concentrated on responding to male-authored representations of the tensions of racism, internal crisis of man-woman relationships and the challenges of empowering the black female character. Little attention has been paid to African American female writings across generations and gender categories. This study, therefore, investigates the narrative thrusts of selected works of Maya Angelou and Terry McMillan to determine the dimensions of divergence across generations of African American female writers. The study adopts Alice Walker‘s womanist theory and bell hooks‘ feminist theory which account for differences in the construction of black women consciousness. Six novels – Maya Angelou‘s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1970), Gather Together in my Name (1974), and The Heart of a Woman (1981), and Terry McMillan‘s Waiting to Exhale (1992), A Day Late and a Dollar Short (2001) and The Interruption of Everything (2005) – were purposively selected. The texts are subjected to literary and comparative analyses. From the first autobiography I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings to the last The Heart of a Woman, Angelou offers detailed testimony on the effects of displacement on the individual psyche and the black community. Maya Angelou‘s selected novels reveal the creation of a collective communal memory through the use of the autobiographical prose form. Angelou‘s narratives reveal her understanding of history, her reverence for memory of collective black folk tradition and represent the Black Arts era. In contrast, Terry McMillan‘s Waiting to Exhale, A Day Late and a Dollar Short and The Interruption of Everything reveal a paradigm shift from the communal experience to the individual, the internal crisis among individuals in the family and aspiration of specific sentiments as she projects the female character as ambitious and daring. McMillan‘s fiction stands out in several ways. She revises and borrows recognisable literary conventions to project the changing roles of women to reinforce her radical perspective. However, the choice of professionally successful black women as characters in her novels relates to the drastic increase in the population of working class women in the 1990s and reflexive of the post-womanist tradition. Her works accentuate the quest for personal liberty, romance and intimate relationships as the central conflicts facing black female protagonists. Although two decades separate Angelou‘s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and Terry McMillan‘s Waiting to Exhale, a close reading of the novels reveals that the texts derive qualitative interpretations from the unique difference in ideas and aesthetics represented by Alice Walker, bell hooks and other Black feminists. While Maya Angelou‘s novels keep within the womanist tradition, those by Terry McMillan are radically feminist and modernist in orientation. Thus, the two writers exemplify the Black Arts era and post-womanist literary generation respectively and differently situate the novels within specific historical, socio-political, economic, gendered and literary contexts. Key words: Generational difference, Womanism, African American literature, Maya Angelou, Terry McMillan. Word count: 498 1 results 1
- Armed Conflicts 1 results 1
- Cervical Cancer 1 results 1
- Corruption 1 results 1
- Cybersecurity 1 results 1
- Disaster 1 results 1
- Disaster Risk Management 1 results 1
- Displaced Women 1 results 1
- Engendering 1 results 1
- Firearms 1 results 1
- Generational difference 1 results 1
- Globally, over 40 million people were displaced as a result of wars and violence due to religious and ethnic conflicts in 2015 while 19.2 million were displaced by natural disasters such as famine and floods. In Africa, 12 million people were displaced by armed conflict and violence and there were hundreds of thousands of people displaced by natural disasters. Despite these large numbers of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Sub‑Saharan African countries and the potentially negative impact of displacement on the health of these populations, there is limited information on the health problems of IDPs in the region. The previous studies have mainly focused on the health problems of refugees and single disease entities among IDPs. However, a more comprehensive picture is required to inform the provision of adequate healthcare services for this vulnerable population. The objective of this review was to fill this knowledge gap. Bibliographic databases were searched and screened, and nine studies were selected and reviewed. The major physical health problems and symptoms were fever/malaria (85% in children and 48% in adults), malnutrition in children (stunting 52% and wasting 6%), malnutrition in adult males (24%), diarrhoea (62% in children and 22% in adults) and acute respiratory infections (45%). The prevalent mental health problems were post‑traumatic stress disorder (range: 42%–54%) and depression (31%–67%). Most of the studies reviewed focused on mental health problems. Limited evidence suggests that IDPs experience various health problems but more research is required to inform the provision of adequate and comprehensive healthcare services for this group of individuals 1 results 1
- Globally, over 40 million people were displaced as a result of wars and violence due to religious and ethnic conflicts in 2015 while 19.2 million were displaced by natural disasters such as famine and floods. In Africa, 12 million people were displaced by armed conflict and violence and there were hundreds of thousands of people displaced by natural disasters. Despite these large numbers of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Sub‑Saharan African countries and the potentially negative impact of displacement on the health of these populations, there is limited information on the health problems of IDPs in the region. The previous studies have mainly focused on the health problems of refugees and single disease entities among IDPs. However, a more comprehensive picture is required to inform the provision of adequate healthcare services for this vulnerable population. The objective of this review was to fill this knowledge gap. Bibliographic databases were searched and screened, and nine studies were selected and reviewed. The major physical health problems and symptoms were fever/malaria (85% in children and 48% in adults), malnutrition in children (stunting 52% and wasting 6%), malnutrition in adult males (24%), diarrhoea (62% in children and 22% in adults) and acute respiratory infections (45%). The prevalent mental health problems were post‑traumatic stress disorder (range: 42%–54%) and depression (31%–67%). Most of the studies reviewed focused on mental health problems. Limited evidence suggests that IDPs experience various health problems but more research is required to inform the provision of adequate and comprehensive healthcare services for this group of individuals. 1 results 1
- Health Problems 1 results 1
- Health and safety needs 1 results 1
- Health communication encompasses the study and use of communication strategies to inform and influence individuals and community decisions that enhance health. It links the domains of communication and health and is increasingly recognised and necessary element of efforts to improve personal and public health Vulnerable groups like people with one form of disability or the other, prisoners, internally displaced persons often have health needs demanding special attention than people that are not seemingly vulnerable. The paper explored how health communication can contribute to health promotion effort of health professionals individuals health seeking behaviour, individuals’ adherence to health messages and campaigns, the dissemination of health information to individuals and population. The paper examined the factors that could affect developing healthy benaviours and strategies to improve its. The paper concluded on the guidelines in developing messages to promote healthy behaviours. 1 results 1
- Health communication encompasses the study and use of communication strategies to inform and influence individuals and community decisions that enhance health. It links the domains of_ communication and health and is increasingly recognised c necessary element of effoits to improve personal and cub! c rea.th Vulnerable groups like people with one form of disability :r t :e other prisoners, internally displaced persons often have health needs demanding special attention than people that are not seemingly vulnerable. The paper explored how health communication can contribute to health promotion effort of health professionals individuals health seeking behaviour, individuals’ adherence to health messages and campaigns, the dissemination of health information to individuals and population. The paper examined the factors that could affect developing healthy benaviours and strategies to improve its. The paper concluded on the guidelines in developing messages to promote healthy behaviours. 1 results 1
- Health needs 1 results 1
- Health problems 1 results 1
- High prevalence of single parenthood and communal clashes coupled with poverty make some children vulnerable in the North Central zone of Nigeria, with the attendant consequence on their school adjustment and achievement. Ameliorating this problem requires a better understanding of their immediate environment. Previous studies have concentrated largely on government and non-governmental interventions, and on the isolated effects of the family and school with little emphasis on the combined effects of the three immediate environments. This study, therefore, examined the combined prediction of family (Parents educational background, family structure and home learning environment), community (community location and available social facilities) and school (school location, class size, teacher‟s educational qualification, school physical environment and availability of play facilities) factors on early school adjustment and achievement of children-at-risk in Plateau and Nasarawa states, Nigeria. The study adopted survey design. Three Local Government Areas (LGAs) with high records of communal clashes and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) were purposively selected from each of the six senatorial districts in the two states. Ten public primary schools were selected across the three LGAs from each senatorial district, making a total of 60 schools. Twenty primary one pupils who scored five and above out of 10 in the screening exercise from each school as well as their parents (1213) and class teachers (103) were selected. Children-at-Risk Checklist (for screening), School Adjustment Rating Scale (for teachers) (r=0.86), Parents‟ Questionnaire (r=0.80), Community Facilities Inventory, School Environment Inventory, Mathematics (r=0.60) and English Language (r=0.89) achievement tests were used for data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression at 0.05 level of significance. The children are 52% boys and 48% girls from single parent homes (15.2%), poor backgrounds (86.0%) and IDPs (62.7%). Family, community and school factors had a joint significant prediction on achievement (F(10,1201)=24.64; R=.41) and early school adjustment (F(10,1202)=6.47; R=.23) of children-at-risk. They contributed 16.3% and 4.3% to their variance respectively. Family factors had a joint significant prediction on achievement (F(3,1208)=4.93; R=.11) and early school adjustment (F(3,1209)=7.22; R=.13). Community factors had a joint significant prediction on achievement (F(2,1209)=62.04; R=.31) and early school adjustment (F(2,1210)=1.52; R=.05). School factors had a joint significant prediction on achievement (F(5,1206)=38.29; R=.37) and early school adjustment (F(5,1207)=6.65; R=.16). Parents educational background (β=.12; β=.02), family structure (β=.04;β=.01), home learning environment (β=.03; β=.06), community location (β=.00; β=.23), available social facilities (β=.12; β=.14), school location (β=.13; β=.11), class size (β=.01;β=.21), teacher‟s educational qualification (β=.07; β=.01), school physical environment (β=.16; β=.07) and availability of play facilities (β=.00; β=.07) had relative contributions to early school adjustment and achievement of children-at-risk respectively. Family, community and school factors positively predicted early school adjustment and achievement of children-at-risk in Plateau and Nasarawa states. There is the need to provide free learning materials and supports for these children, while their communities and schools should be adequately equipped with social amenities and play facilities. 1 results 1
- Homelessness 1 results 1
- Homelessness or street life is becoming a serious emerging social and community safety problem in Ibadan. Notably, women and children remain an important population within this group and should be considered important data source by researchers in the continuous quest to find sustainable solutions to this problem. This study examined the health and safety needs of internally displaced persons in Ibadan, Oyo State, using the phenomenological research method. Respondents were sampled around major areas in Ibadan where these groups are found. Those willing to participate in the study were interviewed in any of the four major languages (English/pidgin, Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo). Forty-Three respondents comprising 14 women, 16 children and 13 youths were interviewed. The generated data were transcribed and analysed using thematic content analysis. Themes derived from the analysis of generated data showed that poverty and conflicts were major causes of internal displacement in the study area. Food and shelter were the most commonly cited health needs of the respondents. The safety needs among the respondents were health care, protection from sexual harassment, rape, physical and verbal abuse. It is concluded that paying special attention to this group will go a long way in reducing community health and safety issues. A fund for the care, well-being and resettlement of the internally displaced persons through public-private partnership among other policy-based recommendations were made. 1 results 1
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