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Sanjeevak as a source of nutrients and phytohormones for production and propagation of plants by Orendo-Smith, Richard
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Characterisation and desalination of typical South African abalone farm effluent sea water by Steynberg, Leander Duvan
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- African Open Access — Social Sciences 2 results 2
- Compost 2 results 2
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- Physico-chemical properties 2 results 2
- "Background—Chronic pain is quite common in the elderly and is often associated with co morbid depression, limitation of functioning and reduced quality of life. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether there is a differential risk of depression among persons with pain in different anatomical sites and to determine which pain conditions are independent risk factors for depression. Methods—Data is from the Ibadan Study of Ageing (ISA), a community based longitudinal survey of persons aged 65 years and older from eight contiguous Yoruba Speaking states in Nigeria (n = 2152). Data was collected in face-to-face interviews; depression was assessed using the World Mental Health initiative version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) while chronic pain was assessed by self-report (response rate = 74%). Results—Estimates of persistent pain (lasting more than 6 months), in different anatomical sites range from 1.3% to 12.8%, with the commonest being joint pains (12.8%), neck or back (spinal) pain (7.6%) and chest pain (3.0%). Significantly more pain conditions were reported by females and by respondents who were aged over 80 years. The risk for depression was higher in respondents with spinal, joint and chest pain. However, only chest pain was independently associated with depression after adjustments were made for pains at other sites and for functional disability. Conclusion—Our data suggests that, among elderly persons, there is a differential association of depression with chronic pain that is related to the anatomical site of the pain." 1 results 1
- "The dwindling timber resource and the attendant shortage of wood supply call for alternative furnish for composite production. Rattan canes are candidate materials due to their availability, renewability and inexpensive processing cost. This work therefore examined the feasibility of using rattan canes as reinforcements for plastic composites production by evaluation the strength and sorption properties. Particles extracted from Eremosphatha macrocarpa and Laccosperma secundiflorum canes harvested from wild stocks were milled into 0.4mm, dried to 0.5% moisture content, blended with high density polythylene (HDPE), talcum, zinc stearate Ethylene bistearamide (EBS) wax in the ratio 1.0:0.82: 0.12:0.04:0.02 respectively and extruded using rotating twin-screw at barrel and die temperatures of between 149 and 193 oC. The composite were cut to sample sizes and tested for flexural properties on a universal testing machine while sorption properties were evaluated after 2 and 24 hours immersion in water. The results obtained revealed that the respective moduli of ruputre and elsaticities of the E. macrocarpa and L. secundiflorum composites were 26.2 and 26.4 N/mm2 and 2689 and 3406 N/mm2 while the water absorption were between 1.2 to 3.1% and 1.0 to 2.4% and thickness swelling were 0.4 to 1.0 and 0.3 and 0.9% after 2 and 24 hours immersion in water. The study revealed that rattan canes were suitable as reinforcement for plastic composite production, dimensionally stable with low water absorption and thickness swelling rates and can be applied for both structural and non-structural interior and exterior purposes. Differences in the rattan anatomy influenced the ductility and sorption properties of the plastic composites " 1 results 1
- "The influence of composite mix and particle content on the strength and sorption properties of Calamus deerratus composites was investigated. Experimental rattan cement board were made from C.deerratus particles of 1.18mm,cement: sand ratios of 1:2 and 1:3 and 5% and 10% rattan contents. Fabricated boards were tested after 28 days for strength and sorption properties. Results obtained showed that the strength properties reduced while the sorption properties increased with increase in rattan content and cement: sand ratio. The composites were however suitable for low stressed indoor and outdoor applications. " 1 results 1
- "This study examined the nature of street sweeping, the composition of litters, the socio-economic and health status of street sweepers and the public perception of the benefits and challenges of street sweeping in Ado-Ekiti. Primary data were obtained through direct personal observation, questionnaire administration and in-depth interview while secondary data were sourced from published and unpublished documents. Purposive and random sampling methods were adopted in the selection of respondents for questionnaire administration. Four types of structured questionnaire were designed and administered separately to: 103 (20%) of the street sweepers along the 21 swept streets; 193 (5%) buildings along the 21 streets; 14 officials of the Ekiti State Waste Management Authority involved in the street sweeping programme, and 42 pedestrians (female and male) along the 21 swept streets. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data collected. Findings revealed that all the street sweepers were females and casual workers. Sediments/broken blocks/sand/gravel (18.8%), plastics (16.6%), nylon/polythene (16.6%), leaves/wood/grass (15.0%), food wastes (12.6%), paper (9.9%), aluminum cans/metals/glass (5.3%), and miscellaneous (5.2%) constituted the street litters. The sweepers suffered from joint pain (96.1%), catarrh (91.3%), cough (83.5%) eye infection (70.8%) asthma (46.6%) and malaria (31.1%). Inadequate personnel, insufficient tools and equipment, poor remuneration, stigmatisation, exposure to accidents and harassment were the challenges faced by the sweepers. The benefits created by the street sweeping programme are: city beautification and aesthetics (74.6%); employment opportunity (16.6%); improved urban environmental health (6.2%), and attractiveness of the streets (2.6%).The study concluded that the street sweeping programme has made the streets sanitary and aesthetically pleasing, provided employment and raised public perception of Ado-Ekiti as a clean and healthy city. Employment of more sweepers, provision of adequate equipment, public sensitisation and attitudinal change, enforcement of environmental sanitation laws, and improved remuneration will make street sweeping a sustainable waste management strategy in Ado-Ekiti. " 1 results 1
- "Two layers rattan cement composites were made from Calamus deerratus and Laccosperma secundiflorum particles using cement: sand:rattan mixing ratios of 1:2:0.2 and 1:3:0.2 and calcium chloride (CaCl2) at two levels 0% and 3% (by weight of cement) and subjected to static bending and sorption tests after production. Results showed that rattan-cement mixes had low moduli of rupture, thickness swelling and water absorption rates but high moduli of elasticity and are suitable for low stress out-door applications. While the Calamus composites generally had low strength and high sorption properties than the Laccosperma cement mixes, peeling significantly reduced the strength properties of the Calamus cement composites possibly due to higher presence of cement inhibitors. Addition of CaCl2 significantly enhanced both the strength and sorption properties of composites made from Calamus and Laccosperma particles " 1 results 1
- 16SrRNA 1 results 1
- A modification of Biot's poroelastic differential equations is made to include matrix-fluid interaction mechanisms which assume a solid-fluid relaxation function coupling coefficient. Values of physical properties of sediments are incorporated into equations which define phase velocity and attenuation for porous media which are dependent on the composite densities of various media (silt, and medium and coarse sand). The results enable us to compare the attenuation and velocities of waves in these media. We observed that the density of coarse sand is greater than that of medium sand and this in turn is greater than that of silt-the same holds-for the velocities of P-waves in these media but the situation is converse for shear waves in the same given media. As the densities of the media increase, their attenuation decreases as it was found that the attenuation of silt is the highest and that of coarse sand lowest for the media considered. 1 results 1
- A stuck' was carried out to determine the effect of a raw diatomaceous earth (DE) obtained fromBularafa community in Yobe State, Nigeria on the proximate composition of stored cowpea variety (IT96D-610K). Twelve small scale prototype silos made of two different structures (wooden and galvanised mild steel (GMS)) were constructed and used in the storage of the cowpea for a 4-month period. 7000g of cowpea at 9.88% moisture content admixed withdiatomaceous earth havingtwo different particle sizes(0.075mm and 0.090mm) and three different concentrations(0.1g, 0.05g and 0g of DE/100g of cowpea)in varying combinations were loaded into each silo. The sample admixed with zero concentration of diatomaceous earth served as the control in each of the wooden and galvanised steel structures respectively. Temperature, relative humidity and moisture content within the storage structures were monitored. Proximate compositionsuch as ash, crude protein, fat, crude fibre, carbohydrate alongside moisture content were also measured.Significant differences (p<0.05) was observed between the control sample and treated samples.The values of moisture content, ash content and crude fibre increased while crude protein, fat and carbohydrate decreased with increased storage period. At the last month of storage, wooden silo recorded a higher temperature value (28.88˚C) compared to the galvanised steel (GMS) silo which showed (22.30˚C). An increase in moisture content was observed in both silos with wooden silos showing a higher percentage rise in both control and treated samples. At the end of the fourth month the average moisture content, ash content, crude protein, fat, crude fibre and carbohydrate content of control and treated samples were(10.57% and 13.39%), (4.12% and 4.16%), (22.75% and 22.69%),(1.95% and 1.90%),(2.21% and 2.23%) and (57.75% and 55.63%) in the GMS and wooden silos respectively.Cowpea admixed with diatomaceous earth stored in GMS silo showed the best nutritional quality. Hence of all the storage materials, storage time, particle size and concentration of DE used galvanised mild steel (GMS), 0.075mm particle size and 0.05g of DE/100g of cowpea for the first four weeks of storage were seen to be the best. These proved to be the best method of storage for cowpea as the procedure retained its proximate composition. The increased crude fibre level in the treated samples is a major indicator for good health 1 results 1
- ATO model 1 results 1
- Academic achievement 1 results 1
- Acceptability 1 results 1
- Accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils rcsults in long term environmental problem, elevateci heavy metal uptake by crops and food poisoning. Remediation of sites contaminateci by heavy metals is therefore pertinent. Incubation and greenhouse studies were conducted to test for thè effects of different types of compost on soil remediation and thè growth of maizc planted on rcmediated battery wastes contaminated soil. Composts made from five different plani materials (Soyabean stover (SS), Maize Stover (MS), Mexican Sunflower (SW), Cassava Wastes (CW) and Neem Seeds (MS) as well as Poultry Manure (PM) alone and Organo-mineral fertilizer (OM) were used. Each was applied at thè rate of 20 t/ha. Pre-cropping soil Chemical compositions showed that lead concentration (148000 mg/kg) was significantly higher than thè permissible level (300 mgkg1) at thè study site. Results of incubation studies revealed a progressive reduction in heavy metal concentrations for thè sampling periods. MSW and CW composts significantly reduced soil lead by 39% and 38% respectively followed by SS (33%), MS (28%), PM (26%), NS (25%) and OM (23%). Application of compost to thè contaminated soil also enhanced vegetative growth of maize when compared with control. SS, CW, NS, MS, MSW, OM, and PM increased thè dry matter yield by 49%, 60%, 56%, 24%, 68% , 55% and 27% respectively over control. Unlike thè maize plants grown on organic amendcd contaminated soil, control Dlants started showing toxicity symptoms such as necrotic lesions, chlorosis, wilting and eventual death. Organic imendment also increased nutrients uptake by maize crop compared to control plants. Generally organic amendments proved effective in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil and had ameliorative effects on crop growing on contaminated soil. Among thè organic amendments, MSW and CW performed better. 1 results 1
- Achievement in and attitude to Literature-in-English 1 results 1
- Aerobic stability 1 results 1
- Agbaja Ironstone Formation of the Lokoja district, Central Nigeria occurs within the Upper Cretaceous sedimentary sequences of the NW-SE trending Nupe Basin. Three lithostratigraphic units were delineated; Lokoja Sandstone (the oldest), Patti Formation and Agbaja Ironstone Formation. Lokoja Sandstone rests unconformably on the basement complex and grades from conglomerate to arkosic sandstone. Patti Formation consists of intercalations of sandstone, siltstone and carbonaceous mudstone units. Agbaja Ironstone Formation is made up of colites, pisolites and bog ore. Textural studies show a very finely to very coarsely skewed mesokurtic sands for Lokoja Sandstone and leptokurtic for Patti Formation. ZTR index value ranges from 61 to 81% for Lokoja Sandstone and 83 to 95% for the Patti Formation. Higher ZTR index value for Patti Formation indicates a relative higher mineralogical maturity over the Lokoja Sandstone. These sedimentological studies indicate a basement source for the sedimentary materials deposited under low energy short fluvial regime, that evolved into two facies; alluvial fans and flood basin. Four petrographic varieties of the Agbaja Ironstone Formation were identified; ooidal pack-ironstone, pisoidal packironstone, detrital mud-ironstone and breccia mud-ironstone Kaolinite ooids are spherical, oblong and fragmented, usually with pseudomorphs of goethite after pyrite at the core. Goethite pisoids cemented in kaolinitic to goethitic matrix are elliptical, oval, subspherical in shape and composite in nature. Constituent minerals of the mud-ironstone are kaolinite, quartz and heavy minerals. Paragenetic studies show that pyrite, siderite, kaolinite, quartz, mica and heavy minerals are the initial minerals of the ironstone while secondary enrichment minerals are goethite, hematite, goyazite-crandallite, bolivarite and boehmite. Chemistry of these minerals further classified them into ferritic kaolinite, kaolinitic ferrite and ferrite. Si02 ranges between 23.71 and 56.41 % and AI203 between 22.01 and 36.54% in all the unferruginized portions of the Agbaja ironstone. But both components can jbe as low as 0.22% in the ferruginized equivalent. Si02 and AI203 contents are highest in the mud-ironstone varieties and lowest in the pack-ironstone varieties. Fe203 content increases from about 1.59% in the unferruginized to about 97.54% in the ferruginized equivalents, for all the petrographic varieties. The highest concentration of Fe203 is in the pisoidal pack-ironstone. P20S values range between 0% in the unferruginized to 5.10% in the ferruginized portions, and often increase with increasing Fe203 contents. MgO, CaO, MnO, Na20 and K20 are generally less than 1.0% in all the petrographic varieties. Element mobility during ferruginization indicates that iron enrichment is accompanied by a parallel depletion in Si02 and AI203, moderate to extreme reduction in CaO, MgO, MnO, Na20 and K20 and a significant gain in P205. This relationship confirms the supergene nature of the replacement process (desilicification, removal of alumina and iron enrichment process (ferruginization). Sedimentological, mineralogical and geochemical studies provided evidences for a kaolinitic precursor for the ironstone deposit, contrary to the earlier proposed chamositic precursor. Also the presence of pseudomorphs of pyrite in nuclei and as incorporation into the concentric laminae of ooids are reliable indicators for a possible accretionary model for the formation of ooids and pisoids prior to ferruginization. Two ferruginization periods unrelated to lateritization were established; first won enrichment is supply due to oxidation of the initial pyrite/siderite and reconcentration of absorbed FeOOH in the lattice structure of kaolinite; second period is linked to the presence of bacteria (framboids) which is oxidised to form iron phosphate complex in the bog ore. The Fe and P were remobilised into the underlying pack-ironstone by descending meteoric water. 1 results 1
- Age 1 results 1
- Agriculture a most significant land use types which alter natural ecosystem dynamics. Arable farming exerts much pressure on plant biodiversity, especially when practiced intensively in urban centers. There is dearth of information on floristic changes due to intensive arable farming in urban agroecosystems in developing countries. The study therefore assessed floristic changes resulting from and intensive farming practices at Ajibode-Sasa agricultural landscape. Ajibode-Sasa agroecosystem is a complex mix of arable cropping system between latitude N07°28′, E003°53′ and longitude N07°28′, E003°54. Comparative floristic surveys were conducted in 2016 and 2020 using quadrats (1 m2) systematically laid on 18 Transects ranging from 50 – 250 m long. A total of 224 and 184 quadrats were laid in 2016 and 2020 respectively. Reduction in numbers of quadrats laid resulted from physical anthropogenic development after the 2016 survey. Species identification followed standard procedures, and quantitative occurrence data were collected for determination of species composition and computation of relative importance values (RIV) and diversity indices. Land-use changes over four years period was determined using Google earth and QGIS. Herbacous plant composition with 123 cumulative number of species in both years reduced from 98 species in 2016 to 85 species in 2020 species RIV of species ranged from 0.038 – 14.803. Tridax procumbens had the highest RIV (14.803) in 2016, while it was Acmella brachyglossa (13.248) 2020. Species richness and floral diversity was high with Shannon-Weiner Index (3.081 and 3.088) and Dominance (0.09388 and 0.08746) in 2016 and 2020 respectively. Intensive cultivation favoured introduction and spread of invasive species like Tridax procumbens and Tithonia diversifolia. Eight introduced and invasive species were newly enumerated in 2020, with a total of 38 herbaceous species no longer encountered in 2020. Concerted efforts should be made to conserve native flora on the agroecosystem through sustainable practices like crop rotation and short fallow. 1 results 1
- Agronomic parameters 1 results 1
- An invention in the production of a stabilised, and durable gel (having a long shelf-life of about two years), from cassava starch for applications as sizing-agent in pulp and paper making, wood-composites production, textile/laundry services and other relevant uses is presented. The new product called KAMOGEL is made by combining the pre-mixed and pre-determined quantities of cassava starch, water, preservatives, stabiliser/emulsifier, and essential oil sequentially. 1 results 1
- Anaerobk Digesrer 1 results 1
- Animal Scientists, through extensive research works have made tremendous achievements on reclaiming the nutrients contained in poultry waste by using it as feed ingredient for different classes of animals thereby reducing feed cost. Despite the many ways of its utility, the slurry nature of poultry droppings, most often complicates its handling and renders it totally useless. Four graded levels of dietary sodium chloride (0.30%, 0.45%, 0.60%, 0.75%) in an iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diets were fed to two strains of laying domestic chicken. The moisture content of the dropping increased insignificantly (P< 0.05) with increased dietary salt. While dry matter content of the droppings decreased insignificantly (P< 0.05) with increased dietary salt content. Results indicate that increasing dietary salt at the above levels in cage layers increases moisture level of poultry droppings insignificantly (P< 0.05) making it to be more slurry. 1 results 1
- Animal protein 1 results 1
- Antifungal 1 results 1
- Aquaculture 1 results 1
- Arable farming 1 results 1
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