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Influence of access to HIV/AIDS information on the knowledge of federal university undergraduates in Nigeria
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Influence of motivational factors on utilisation of Internet health information resources by resident doctors in Nigeria
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CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATIONS AND THE CONSOLIDATION OF PEACE IN THE REPUBLIC OF GUINEA
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INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL FACTORS ON THE ADOPTION OF THE ROLL BACK MALARIA PROGRAMME AND MATERNAL HEALTH IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
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IT STILL RECOGNISES RACE" POLITICS OF MARRIAGE AND CHALLENGE OF SOCIAL COHESION AMONGS AFRICA UNDERGRADUATES
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Nurses’ knowledge and reported practice of palliative and end- of-life care nursing at the university college hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- Nigeria 4 results 4
- Niger Delta Development Commission 2 results 2
- Odi 2 results 2
- Peace and conflict impact assessment 2 results 2
- This quasi-experimental study compared the relative efficacy of teacher instructions alone, peer education alone, and a combination of these two on reproductive health knowledge, attitude, perceived self-efficacy and sexual practices among secondary schools students in the lbarapa district of Southwestern Nigeria. A baseline questionnaire was administered to a systematic sample of students in four schools that were randomized into four treatment arms: teacher instructions alone (E1), peer education alone (E2), combination of teacher instruction and peer education (E3), and control, The results were used to design the contents of the interventions, which were implemented for one academic session. A follow-up survey using the same sampling procedures as baseline was conducted to measure the outcome of the intervention. The control group had superior reproductive health knowledge at baseline. By follow-up survey however, all three intervention schools showed significant knowledge gains, while the control school students' mean score increased slightly. Increase in knowledge was greatest among E3 (+5.0 points), followed by E2 (+3.4), E1 (+1.4) and C (0.3). The intervention schools showed a significant positive shift in attitude towards use of contraceptives with mean increase of 0.6, 0.5, and 0.9 points in E1, E2 and E3 respectively. Scores that measured the students' perceived self-efficacy for safe sex increased significantly among E1 (from 10.8 to 11.8) and E3 (from 10.4 to 12.6). Reported condom use was significantly higher among E2 (from 16.7 % to 62.8%) (p<0.05) and E3 (from 22.8% to 53%) (p<0.05) compared to E1 (28.6% to 47.4%) (p>0.05) and control (from 25% to 45.8%) (p>O.05). Overall, the students from E3 showed more improvement in knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy, than their counterparts from E2 and E3 and control. Multiple intervention strategies have greater potential of improving reproductive health of students 2 results 2
- intervention programme 2 results 2
- "Genetic parameters 1 results 1
- A low cost food processing tray dryer was designed and constructed using locally available material. The dryer design temperature was such that various types of solid food material can be dried. The maximum temperature specified was 80°C. For better design and operational performance, a survey and design appreciation exercises were carried out on the available tray dryers in the Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, and Ibadan. The performance of the dryer was tested using (Dioscorea genus) slices at different thickness and various temperatures and it was found that at higher temperatures and smaller thicknesses the product being dried lose their moisture content at a faster rate. The dryer was able to dry the sample product weighing approximately 24g initially to 8.86g at different time for different temperature as outlined below. For 70°C it dried at 19.5hr, for 60°C it dried at 32hr, and for 50°C it dried at 38hr In order to show the effect of temperature, thickness of product to be dried and velocity a computer program was written using visual basic (software) to simulate the performance characteristics. 1 results 1
- ASME 1 results 1
- All real physical structures behave dynamically when subjected to loads or displacements. This research paper, therefore, presents seismic response of field fabricated liquefied natural gas spherical storage vessels using finite element analysis. The seismic analysis procedure used represents a practical approach in quantifying the response of spherical storage vessel with its content when it is subjected to seismic loading. In the finite element method approach, six degrees of freedom per node is used for legs/column of the spherical storage tanks. Lumped mass procedure is employed to determine system mass matrix of the structure. Computer programme code is developed for the resulting matrix equation form finite element analysis of the structure using FORTRAN 90 programming language. The modeling of the seismic load utilizes the ground acceleration curve of a site. From the results of the modal analysis, the system is uncoupled thereby gives way to the application of Newmark’s method. Newmark’s method as one of the widely used time-step approach for the seismic response is applied. The developed programme coding is validated with analytical results (P > 0.5). It shows that the approach in this research work can be successfully used in determine the stability of large spherical storage vessels against seismic loadings when base acceleration spectral of the site are known. This approach gives better results than the static-force approach which gives conservative results. While the approach used in this research treats seismic loads as time event, static-force approach assumed that the full ground force due to seismic motion is applied instantaneously. 1 results 1
- Awareness 1 results 1
- Background There is abundant evidence that the first and only School Health Policy (SHPo) in Nigeria was adopted in 2006, but no study has since evaluated the quality of implementation (QoI) in government and privately funded schools. This study was conducted to evaluate the QoI of the School Health Program (SHP) in public and private primary schools of a rural Local Government Area in Oyo State using the SHPo framework as a guide. Subjects and methods A comparative-descriptive cross-sectional design was chosen. A two-stage sampling technique was used to select 46 primary schools in a rural area: 30 public and 16 private. An observational checklist was used to assess the five domains of the SHP, namely: School Health Services (SHS), Skills Based Health Education (SBHE), School Feeding Services (SFS), Healthful School Environment (HSE) and School, Home and Community Relationship (SHCR), as listed in the Nigerian SHPo framework. QoI was assessed by exploring the availability, suitability and functionality of basic provisions for SHP implementation. Results The majority of schools (90% public; 87.5%private) had first-aid boxes, but they had no contents in 23.3%of public and 68.8% of private schools. In only one private school was evidence of periodic medical inspection. A school meal service was present in 93.3%of public and 18.8%of private schools. Only one private school practiced medical screening. Some had gendersensitive toilets (81.3% private; 33.3% public). None of the schools had evidence of pre-employment medical and routine screening for non-communicable diseases for staff. Overall, around 50% of schools had poor QoI of the SHP (63.3% public; 25.0% private). Conclusion QoI of the SHP in selected rural public and private primary schools was generally poor, but with better quality in private than public schools. 1 results 1
- Background: Palliative and End-of-Life (EoL) care nursing is the active total care of patients with advanced illness. The goal of this approach to care is the achievement of the best quality of life for patients and their families. No member of the interdisciplinary team is more central to making these discoveries possible than the nurse. Care of patients with life-limiting diseases and dealing with death and dying is an integral part of oncology musing. In environments of best practice, nurses routinely identify and suggest patients to physicians for possible referral to palliative care and discuss potential referrals with families. Though studies from other parts of the globe had reported levels of knowledge and practice of palliative and EoL care amongst nurses; there is dearth of literature emanating from Nigeria, specifically on the knowledge and practice of palliative and EoL care nursing by professional nurses. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the few that have been published in Nigeria, focused mainly on knowledge of palliative care among healthcare workers. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and reported practice of palliative and EoL care nursing by nurses working at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria; in a bid to inform where gap in knowledge to practice may exist. Methods: This is a descriptive study utilizing cross-sectional design, 650 nurses in various nursing cadres, who were participating in the monthly continuing education program organized by the In- Service Education (ISE) department of UCH for nurses, over a period of twelve months. With the aid of a validated semi -structured questionnaire, information was elicited from the participants on demographic variables, education and training profile, and contents of nursing education curricula, years of working experience among others. On a 5-point Likert scale, their knowledge and principles of palliative and end-of-life care nursing were assessed. Their reported practice was also assessed. Results: The sample of 650 nurses was made up of 155(23.8%) university graduates and 495(76.2) diploma-prepared nurses. Three hundred and sixty four (32%) of the participants had component of palliative care nursing in their curricula, while 327(50.3%) had components of palliative care nursing and pain management in their curricula. Fifty-four (4.7%) had formal palliative care training post- qualification. Majority (81.2%) of the respondents claimed they apply the knowledge and principles of palliative care in their current practice. A little above fifty-nine percent (59.2%) had good knowledge of palliative care. However, the practice of some was poor (40.0%) and many (29.2%) also had poor attitude towards provision of palliative and EoL care to patients who are approaching EoL; evidenced by their inappropriate responses to the related questions. Conclusion: This study identified gaps in nursing knowledge and reported practice as it relates to palliative and EoL care nursing in the management of life-limiting diseases, such as cancer. It has provided the authors with baseline data that will be used to generate additional studies to further advocate for the need to integrate palliative and EoL care nursing components into nursing education curricula, both at the university and diploma levels. Our findings suggest a need for urgent review of nursing education curricula in Nigeria at both levels, and the input of all stakeholders especially the Nursing & Midwifery Council of Nigeria 1 results 1
- Background: Therapeutic lifestyle modifications are the basis of treatment and prevention of numerous chronic diseases. Objectives: To describe the therapeutic lifestyle modifications taught in Nigerian pharmacy schools. METHODS: A short self-administered online questionnaire (using Google Form), to ascertain the curricular coverage of therapeutic lifestyle modification in undergraduate pharmacy training programs was sent to the Deans of all accredited schools of pharmacy in Nigeria (n = 20). The collected data were summarized using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Thirteen schools of pharmacy participated in the study. All the schools taught at least one of the 10 specified therapeutic lifestyle strategies. Less than a third taught smoking cessation (2.0, 15.4%), lifestyle modifications for pregnant women (2.0, 15.4%) and patients with mental health issues (1.0, 7.7%). CONCLUSIONS: There are variations in the content of teaching of therapeutic lifestyle approaches in Nigerian pharmacy schools. To enhance therapeutic lifestyles, it is essential to improve the content and teaching of therapeutic lifestyle strategies in Nigerian pharmacy schools. All schools should do more to ensure that they are providing adequate training to enable students to be prepared for delivering support to all patients (including pregnant women and mental health patients) on therapeutic lifestyles. 1 results 1
- Better understanding of the genetic control of traits in breeding populations is crucial for the selection of superior varieties and parents. This study aimed to assess genetic parameters and breeding values for six essential traits in a white Guinea yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) breeding population. For this, pedigree-based best linear unbiased prediction (P-BLUP) was used. The results revealed significant nonadditive genetic variances and medium to high (.45–.79) broad-sense heritability estimates for the traits studied. The pattern of associations among the genetic values of the traits suggests that selection based on a multiple-trait selection index has potential for identifying superior breeding lines. Parental breeding values predicted using progeny performance identified 13 clones with high genetic potential for simultaneous improvement of the measured traits in the yam breeding program. Subsets of progeny were identified for intermating or further variety testing based on additive genetic and total genetic values. Selection of the top 5% progenies based on the multi-trait index revealed positive genetic gains for fresh tuber yield (t ha−1), tuber yield (kg plant−1), and average tuber weight (kg). However, genetic gain was negative for tuber dry matter content and Yam mosaic virus resistance in comparison with standard varieties. Our results show the relevance of P-BLUP for the selection of superior parental clones and progenies with higher breeding values for interbreeding and higher genotypic value for variety development in yam. 1 results 1
- Breast examination 1 results 1
- Breeding population 1 results 1
- Broadcast media 1 results 1
- Civil Society Organisations 1 results 1
- Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) are critical actors in the transition to and sustainability of democracy, especially in the Republic of Guinea which has been threatened by armed conflict in neighbouring countries. Although existing studies have focused on CSOs as important actors for peace-building in fragile states, their capacity for supporting national stability and security has received little attention. This study, examined the role and capacity of CSOs in the consolidation of peace in Republic of Guinea. Structural-functionalist and democratic peace theories were used as framework, while exploratory and case study research designs were utilised. Ten copies of a semi-structured questionnaire were administered on ten CSOs selected through purposive sampling. Some of these include; West Africa Network for Peacebuilding (Stability/Peacebuilding); Mano River Women Peace Network (Peacebuilding); Equal Rights for All (Human Rights); National Institute of Research and Pedagogic Action (NIRPA)-(Education) and Association of African Professionals of Communication (Media). Eleven key informant interviews were conducted with chief executives of the CSOs; seven in-depth interviews were conducted with key officials in the security sector; while 10 focus group discussions were conducted in the selected CSOs. Annual reports of CSOs in Guinea and other publications constituted the secondary data. Data were subjected to content analysis. Peace consolidation in Guinea was linked to the activities of CSOs. Prior to the outbreak of wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone, Guinean CSOs were active in civic education and campaigns against military rule. After the outbreak of armed violence in neighbouring countries, they shifted from advocacy for good governance to refugee management by offering psycho-social support, counselling for victims of physical and emotional violence, community reconciliation discussions as well as healing and cleansing ceremonies. Through their peacebuilding efforts, the presidents of Liberia (Charles Taylor), Sierra Leone (Ahmad Tejan Kabbah) and Guinea (Lansana Conté) were brought together in a peace summit in Morocco in March 2002 to discuss the security and stability of the region. The NIRPA Civic Education and Culture of Peace program was embedded in school curricula for the teaching of peace education at all levels. Tension arising from the 2009 Conakry stadium massacre was stemmed when CSOs established rights abuses against the government. The success of CSOs in persuading Dadis Camara, former military leader to leave Guinea after a failed assassination attempt on his life de-escalated internal tensions and paved way for transition to democratic rule. In spite of this level of activism, the capacity of CSOs to fully support peace consolidation was hampered by challenges relating to inadequate funding, low capacity and staffing, which depended largely on external donors. Civil society organisations played important roles in initiating, sustaining and consolidating peace in Guinea in spite of limitations imposed by funding. State actors and other stakeholders need to develop local capacity for supporting national stability, security and peace consolidation 1 results 1
- Combining ability 1 results 1
- Comparative description 1 results 1
- Computer literacy 1 results 1
- Computers enhance the process of understanding when used for teaching and learning. This made the Nigerian Government to introduce computer studies into the basic education curriculum. However, the content and activities in the computer basic curriculum are centred mostly around browsing and clicking and not on programming as many believed that programming is for adults. This study, therefore, developed a Language of Graphics Orientation (LOGO) instructional package and investigated its impact on primary school pupils’ competence in LOGO. It also examined the influence of age, gender, computer literacy and school type on competence in the programme. The study adopted one group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. A 20-module instructional package was developed based on Kerr’s model of curriculum development. Three hundred and forty-nine pupils aged 5, 6, 7 and 8years and eight computer studies teachers purposively drawn from two private and two public primary schools participated in the study. Five instruments were used: Achievement Test in LOGO (r =0.70), Teachers’ Perception Scale on LOGO, (r = 0.89), Challenges of Package Usage Scale (r =0.72), Utilization Scale for Package (r = 0.75) and Computer Literacy Scale (r = 0.75). Five research questions were answered and five hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t-test and analysis of variance. The LOGO instructional package was validated in a pilot study; results showed that the package had a good face and content validity which was measured in terms of coverage, sequence and appropriateness for the pupils as perceived by their teachers. Teachers’ perception during the process of development in terms of conceptualisation was 0.8, identification of basic objectives 0.7, designing of package 0.7, try-out 0.7, revision 0.7 and teacher training 0.7. The instructional package was appropriate for pupils’ age 1.0, presentation of illustrations 0.9 and content sequence 1.0. The difference in the pupils’ pretest (x = 4.10) and posttest (x = 27.88) competence mean scores in LOGO was significant (t = 53.56; df = 348; p <0.05). There was significant effect of age on pupils competence in LOGO (F(3,345) = 45.94 p 0.05). Pupils aged 8years had highest mean competence score (x = 34.20) followed by those of age 7 (x =29.71), 6 (x = 26.96) and 5 (x = 20.53). There was no significant effect of gender on pupils’ competence. Furthermore, there was significant effect of computer literacy on pupils’ competence (t=8.26 df= 347 p 0.05) in favour of pupils with high level of computer literacy (x = 31.54). There was significant effect of school type on pupils’ competence (t = 8.13 df = 347 p 0.05) with private school pupils obtaining higher mean score (x = 31.56) than public school pupils (x = 24.38). The developed Language of Graphics Orientation instructional package enhanced the competence of primary school pupils in computer programming irrespective of age, computer literacy level and school type. It is therefore recommended that LOGO should be included in computer studies curriculum for primary schools as from age six. 1 results 1
- Conservation agriculture 1 results 1
- Consolidation of peace 1 results 1
- Delta State. 1 results 1
- Design, 1 results 1
- Development and Utilization of LOGO 1 results 1
- Development interventions are aimed at promoting positive change, but they can equally have negative impact, especially in conflict-prone contexts. Whereas existing studies on Odi and the Niger Delta at large mainly focused on the history, environ-ment, culture, conflict and security situations, the peace and conflict impact of Nige-rian government‘s socio-economic interventions in the area have not been fully ex-plored. This study, therefore, assessed the Niger Delta Development Commission‘s (NDDC) interventions, to determine their relationship with the Commission‘s man-date, strategies, and community needs; their interactions with the community; and their impact on the dynamics of peace and conflict in Odi, a community that has at-tracted many interventions after the 1999 massacre. The study adopted the grounded theory and case study research designs. Primary and secondary data were collected through key informant and in-depth interviews, official documents and non-participant observation. Fifty-four key informant interviews were conducted with seven members of the Traditional Ruling Council and the Community Development Committee, six religious leaders, five women leaders, five Youth Coun-cil executives, 24 project beneficiaries, 12 NDDC staff, and five NDDC consultants. Forty-seven in-depth interviews were also held with six school teachers, ten politi-cians, and two law enforcement agents in Odi, five international/non-governmental organisations staff, six activists, and eight academics and professionals. The Niger Delta Regional Development Master Plan, the NDDC Act, and website contents were consulted. Non-participant observations were carried out at NDDC project sites in Odi. The data gathered were content analysed. The NDDC integrated development strategy correlated with NDDC‘s mandate and people‘s needs. However, the Commission, in implementing its interventions, contra-vened some of its articulated guiding principles and policies like promoting good gov-ernance, transparency, participatory decision-making, and impact assessment. Also, inadequate community consultation caused dissonance in NDDC‘s and community‘s prioritisation of needs. Moreover, due to inadequate consideration for peace and con-flict sensitivity, the interventions produced series of positive and negative impact on peace and conflict dynamics in Odi. Construction of roads and educational facilities, rural electrification and training in modern agricultural practices impacted positively on the structural causes of conflict. They brought federal government‘s presence to Odi; provided income for male youths employed as labourers and for construction ma-terials‘ suppliers as well as capacity building in modern agricultural practices. How-ever, the community perceived the NDDC interventions as resources and competed for in a socio-political environment characterised by pervasive corruption and bad gov-ernance. This provided sufficient conditions for spirals of negative consequences that ultimately reduced the overall effectiveness of the interventions. The negative impact included entrenching corruption in intervention cycle, power disequilibrium between NDDC and Odi community, oppression and division, and gender inequality, commu-nal conflicts, and apathy. The Niger Delta Development Commission‘s interventions, intended for positive change, also had many negative consequences in Odi because the Commission failed to mainstream peace and conflict sensitivity in the interventions. The NDDC should therefore adhere strictly to its guiding principles and policies as well as international best practices in intervention programming in order to maximise the positive and minimise the negative impacts of its interventions. 1 results 1
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