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Functionally stiff lattice structure for bone reconstruction by Heynemann, Marli
Published 2023Get full text
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Additive manufacturing enabled drug delivery features for titanium-based total hip replacement cementless femoral stems by Bezuidenhout, Martin Botha
Published 2015Get full text
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- As opposed to healing of wounds that occur in early intrauterine life which heals rapidly and without scarring, postnatal cutaneous wound healing is a complex and dynamic process and the end result is formation of a scar. Although the degree of scarring following any surgery depends on many factors, the likelihood of forming more profound howbeit hypertrophic scar may be more in the dark African skin. This has been noted to be a reason for reduced enthusiasm on the part of some adult Africans from embracing cosmetic surgical procedures. Varying degrees of scarring occur following the repair of clefts in children and the degree of scarring may affect the cosmetic and functional outcome of these repairs. With the advent of SmileTrain intervention in the management of clefts in Nigeria, there has been a great increase in the number of surgeries carried out for cleft lip repair such that the resultant scar from these surgeries needs to be assessed and controlled in order to improve the outcome of the surgical interventions. The aim of this paper therefore is to highlight the different methods by which these scars can be assessed and the assessment incorporated into the outcome measures of cleft lip repair. Method: A literature search on scar assessment using the PubMed was conducted. The articles that were written in English Language were retrieved and reviewed with particular attention to those that focus more on the assessment of linear scars. Parameters employed in each of the assessment tools were noted and the suitability of such tool for our patient population was evaluated. Some of the assessment tools were applied to patients that had cleft lip repair in our centre to determine if they are appropriate for use in our patients and possible modifications for their use were suggested. Result: Several scar assessment tools were indentified. The following were found to be applicable to cleft lip assessment specifically - Visual Analogue Scale, Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), Wound Evaluation Scale (WES), Manchester Scar Scale (MSS), Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale (SBSES). Application of the methods to our patient population reveals that there is need for some form of modification as discussed below in order to achieve best results. Discussion: Patients who come for cleft lip repair present mainly because of the quest of them patients or their parents for improvement in their appearance. On the part of the surgeon however, the repair is necessary in order to restore form (cosmesis) and function. The degree of scarring after surgery has a role to play in outcome because it can affect both form and function. Assessment of post operative scars prompt the surgeon to take measures that will lead to an improvement of outcome in the subsequent patient he operates and the tools used for this assessment should be adequate to provide insight into what needs to be done to ensure improvement. 1 results 1
- BACKGROUND: Despite the global trend of increasing caesarean section rates, aversion to this procedure is common among Nigerian women. This gives rise to conflict during counselling and consent taking for the procedure. OBJECTIVE: This study was done to assess decisional conflict in women undergoing caesarean section. METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study among four hundred and seven booked women undergoing elective caesarean section at secondary and tertiary health facilities in Ibadan, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling method was used in the selection of participants and informed consent was obtained. The survey instrument was an interviewer-administered questionnaire during the counselling session before the surgery. The decisional conflict scale (DCS), low literacy version was used to quantify decisional conflict. Data was entered into SPSS version 21. The statistical level of significance was set at less than 5%. RESULTS: Most (73.5%) participants booked late for antenatal care and had a tertiary level of education (67.6%). A majority, 316 (77.6%) were not accompanied to antenatal visits. The husband (58.7%) was the sole decision maker with respect to health issues. Eighty-six participants (21.1%) experienced significant decisional conflict. The mean decisional conflict score in those who experienced decisional conflict was 41.1 ± 14.6. Recruitment site (p=<0.001), educational level (p=<0.001), and family fecundity (p=0.009) were predictive of having decisional conflict. CONCLUSION: One in five women undergoing caesarean section experience significant decisional conflict, so we recommend the application of the decisional conflict scale to improve counselling of patients having difficulties in giving informed consent. WAJM 2023; 40(3): 269–276. 1 results 1
- Background: Computed Tomography (CT) is an important tool for neuroimaging, it offers an opportunity to investigate structural lesion as a cause of seizures with little morbidity. This study is designed to evaluate its's applicability in children with epileptic seizures. Method: It is a descriptive study of the CT scans of the 103 consecutive children who were referred to the CT suite of the University College Hospital on account of seizure disorders over a 5 year period (1997-2001). Results: Only 103 (4.6%) of the subjects who had cranial scans done in five years were children with seizures disorders. The CT scans were abnormal in 53 (51.5%). Hydrocephalus was the most common finding in 14(13.6%). Cerebral atrophy and infarct were reported in 10.6% and 8.7% respectively. the outlined cranial fractures found in 6.8% were all depressed. A high incidence (74.4%) of abnormal scans was reported in the children with partial seizures. Thirty-three (62.3%) of the abnormal scans were amenable to surgery. The presence of neurologic deficit increased the yiled of abnormal CT features. Conclusion: CT scans are extreme value in the screening and difinitive evaluation of seizures in children. It is advocated for excluding treatable conditions and monitoring progression of the disorder. 1 results 1
- Bupivacaine || Local anaesthetic || Skin graft || Pre-emptive analgesia. 1 results 1
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