Full Text Available
Access Full Text at Repository
Search Results - trees (utilization OR utilisation)
- Go to Previous Page
- Showing 301 - 304 results of 304
Search Tools:
Refine Results
Page will reload when a filter is selected or excluded.- African star apple Chrysophyllum albidum G.Don, (Sapotaceae) is an important forest tree species and valued for its fruits among forest dwellers across West and Central Africa. Utilization efficiency of the fruit pulp in Nigeria is limited to consumption as fruit snack during its season. Hence there are a lot of wastages offruits which are not marketed within few days of harvesting. Processing of the fruit pulp for industrial development may promote better utilization efficiency and sustainable management of the species. The study therefore investigated the potentials of the fruit pulp of the species in wine production. Fruits used for the study were collected from old and young trees at Laniba, Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria. Ripe fruits were plucked from young and old trees and the juice extracted from the fruit pulp. The wine was prepared by fermenting the juice, using graded levels of sucrose to produce dry and sweet wines. Chemical, microbial, heavy metals and sensory properties of the wine were determined. Heavy metals concentrations were within the WHO limits. Young and old trees fruit wines contain: Cr (22.74ppm/mg, 20.46ppm/mg), Pb (8.4ppm/mg, 2.4ppm/mg) and Mn (10.8ppm/mg, 9.6ppm/mg) respectively. The ascorbic acid contents were higher in old tree and sweet wine samples than young tree and dry wine samples (3.28 and 3.59%) and (2.06 and 2.11%) respectively. African star apple has good potentials as a raw material for fruit wine production. Food industries may consider the adoption of this indigenous species for fruit wine production 1 results 1
- Aquaculture is a multiculture of plants and animals in an aquatic environment. Thereby aquaculture is enriched through integration of formerly existing cultivation of crops cum horticultural, and /or agronomical or domesticated animals such as piggery, poultry, rabbitery or even wild domesticated animals such as guinea fowls, and cane rats. Hence, this study investigated integrated aquaculture cum horticulture as a possible tool for sustainable food production in order to ensure food security in Nigeria and alleviate poverty. The study utilized four homestead concrete tanks located at the back of my house in University of Ibadan senior staff quarters. Catfish bloodstock’s males and females were used to raise fry through fingerlings to juveniles to adult fish. Data were taken at each stage of the fish life cycle i.e. the products harvested and sales. Data on numbers of horticultural trees planted were taken and numbers of produce at harvest were recorded. These data were collated and analyzed yearly and at the end of the 10- year period. The result showed that diversification in integrated aquaculture ensures better environmental and on farm resource management which is much needed globally but much more in the developing countries for food security and poverty alleviation. At each point in time, there is one product or the other available for consumption or for sale which ensured better cash flow. During the dry season the drought was ameliorated by the availability of water for wetting the crops and incorporation of vegetables growing into the system. Horticulture cum fish farming integrated system has been adjudged recently to be a solution to drought, poor soil condition management; climate change along with unsustainable water management and farming practices. This study showed that this system is more natural and sustains better food production practice. It is capable of bringing food production closer to urban consumers who do not have access for extensive farm land and reduces the transport cost in retail food marketing. 1 results 1
- Avenue tree 1 results 1
- Axial variation, 1 results 1
- Campuses of Nigerian universities, especially the older ones, are home to aged trees that were originally planted for environmental beautification and aesthetics. However, due to the current global climate change and increased vulnerability to abiotic and biotic stressors, the old trees could pose threats to pedestrians, structures, and roads within the university campus environments. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to develop a geodatabase and evaluate the health risk assessment of avenue trees on selected roads in a tertiary institution in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria using appropriate standard methods. Results obtained reported a total of 121 individual avenue trees belonging to 14 species along the study roads. The geospatial distribution analysis revealed that Emotan road had a lower density of avenue trees compared to Benue and Oduduwa roads. Furthermore, the health risk assessment indicated that 17.35% of the individual avenue trees had defects, posing potential hazards and risks of tree failure, and potential damage to pedestrians, vehicles, and neighboring utilities. The developed geodatabase is user-friendly and allows for easy data storage and quick information retrieval on the avenue trees, enhancing their maintenance and risk management. Furthermore, this study shows that systematic replacement, replanting, and management of avenue tree species could be a proactive initiative for the expansion of the geodatabase and to reduce negative health impacts. 1 results 1
- Chrysophyllum albidum 1 results 1
- Community livelihoods 1 results 1
- Contamination of land and water bodies by crude oil and refined petroleum products is a major challenge worldwide. Indiscriminate disposal of crankcase oil into the environment has increased hydrocarbon pollution in Nigeria. Microorganisms have been identified as major contributors in fighting pollution. The remediation ability of bacteria isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated organic rich soil has not been fully investigated. This research was designed to study in-situ genera and hydrocarbon degrading ability of bacteria isolated from an organic rich tropical soil deliberately contaminated with a Nigerian crude oil and crankcase used oil Bacterial enrichment for hydrocarbon degradation was carried out by deliberately contaminating garden soil samples collected from the Nursery of the Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan. Top soil were collected and mixed with Forcados Blend crude and used crankcase oil at a mixed ratio of 5:1. Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria counts were obtained at two week intervals for ten weeks by sub-culturing on mineral salts oil agar supplemented with the hydrocarbons. Isolation was done by randomly selecting colonies of bacteria based on morphological and growth characteristics. Isolated bacteria were screened on sterile Hydrocarbon agar plates and were identified by classical methods. The DNA extraction and amplification of ten selected strains were carried out using molecular technique. Amplified DNA was digested by HaeIII and Rsal restriction enzyme and subjected to Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis and sequencing of the 16SrRNA.The BLAST search for the obtained sequences were made and phylogenetic tree of amplicons constructed using MEGA4.1. Plasmid presence, sizes and numbers in the isolates were determined. Hydrocarbon degradation rate by the bacteria isolates was determined by gravimetry and Gas Chromatography analysis using Flame Ionisation Detector. Hydrocarbon-utilising bacteria increased from 35 × 104 to 265 × 104 cfu/mL, while total bacteria count decreased from 245 × 104 to 123× 104 cfu/mL between the second to tenth week. Ten out of forty-two hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria detected showed high crude and crankcase oil degrading ability. Phylogenetic analyses of the isolates showed high sequence identities (75-100%) in amplified genes when compared to those in the GenBank. The isolates belonged to four genera; Bacillus (5), Providencia (3), Proteus (1) and Alcaligenes (1). Utilization of complex hydrocarbons present in crude and crankcase oil by these isolates ranged between 51.9-77.0% and 42.4-75.8% respectively. Four out of the ten bacterial isolates contained plasmids of varying sizes. Bacillus OUE3 and Providencia OCR1 contained two plasmids each of sizes 2.57 kb and 2.0 kb, and 1.3 kb and 1.9 kb respectively, while Bacillus OUE6 and Providencia OCR2 contained a plasmid each. The percentage total degradation for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ranged from 29.64 to 98.45% for crude and crankcase oil. About 25.2 to 91.7% and 98.2 to 99.6% of aliphatic groups were utilised by the isolates in crude and crankcase oil respectively within 20 days. Ten of the isolated bacteria could remediate hydrocarbon pollution from soil environment. Providencia sp. had the highest degradative ability. 1 results 1
- Diameter distribution 1 results 1
- Food security 1 results 1
- Forest products 1 results 1
- Forest structural diversity 1 results 1
- Forests and Forestry 1 results 1
- Fruit 1 results 1
- Fruit trees are hardly ever sought for their wood until recently. Fruit trees like C. albidum is now being used for structural and non structural purposes in city suburbs. This study investigated wood properties and few tree characteristics of C. albidum grown in Akinyele Local Government Area (ALGA), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The aim was to mitigate the dearth of information on these features in relation to its utilization. Samples were collected from five emerging settlements in the study area while structured questionnaire and on-the-spot assessment were the instruments employed for data collection during survey stage. Physical appearance, moisture content (MC), green and oven-dry density, specific gravity of oven-dry samples, natural durability against termite, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) were determined via experimentation. Samples used for static bending strength were prepared in accordance with ASTM D 143 standard of 1991. The obtainable mean bole length, basal, middle and top girths were 4958mm, 1823mm, 1473mm and 1427mm respectively and the tree is moderately buttressed. The wood is brownish white, crossed grain, coarse textured and fairly resistant to termite attack. Averagely on wet basis, MC and density are 52.46 %, 949 kg/m3 respectively and dry density is 739 kg/m3. Also MOR and MOE are respectively 1964N/mm2 and 1163.60N/mm2 . The wood density compares with that of few commercially known tree species in N7-strength group thus preferred for non-structural than structural use especially when high bending stress is required. 1 results 1
- General 1 results 1
- Geodatabase 1 results 1
- Heavy metals 1 results 1
- Household income generation 1 results 1
- Incidental damages, 1 results 1
- Integrated aquaculture 1 results 1
- Jam 1 results 1
- Mechanical properties, 1 results 1
- Merchantable trees in tropical forests are usually widely scattered and the cost of road construction and logging operations are expensive. This calls for finding ways of minimizing felling-induced mechanical damages on wood. This study was carried out to assess and document the magnitude of the incidental damages during the felling of some Nigerian hardwood species in Shasha Forest Reserve in Osun State Nigeria. With utilization potentials and rate of cropping a criteria data were collected with the aid of a checklist on mine species in five different forest stands within the reserve. These include height, diameter, green moisture contents, and estimate of exploitable logs as well as some wood properties. The volume of each tree was computed and the damaged volumes were estimated after felling. Analyses of data were carried out using simple percentages and regression models. Results showed that there are wide variations between and within the studied species with respect of both the tree and wood characteristics. The least average tree height of 40.39m was recorded for Mansonia altissima while the highest average tree height of 56.61m was recorded for Khaya Ivorensis. Merchantable tree volume ranged from 13.68m3 for Mansonia to 46.25m3 for Entandrophragma angolensis while green density ranged from 936.91kg/m3 tp 1845.95kg/m3 and moisture content ranged and 108.09% and 147.05% respectively. Visual assessment of damage volume shows that the degree of damage expressed as a percentage in the studied species ranged between 6.25% and 13.15%. The average damage volume per species is between 7.39% and 12.66% for the selected species. The regression models revealed that the magnitude of the damage portion has significant relationship with tree height, volume and weight. 1 results 1
- Natural forest 1 results 1
- Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) have been identified to contribute to community livelihoods. Such contributions are people as well as site specific and may be short-lived if continuous availability cannot be guaranteed. Information on the role of NTFPs in community livelihoods is crucial to their sustainable management; however, this role has not been properly documented in Taraba State. Therefore, contributions of selected NTFPs to community livelihoods in Taraba State were investigated. A four-stage sampling procedure was used in the study. Three Local Government Areas (LGAs) were randomly selected from each of the three existing Agro-ecological zones (AEZs) in Taraba State. Five wards from each LGA and 30 household heads (HHHs), using 30% sampling intensity were then randomly selected to give a total of 1,350 HHHs. Five sets of questionnaire were administered to 435 Harvesters, 188 Livestock Managers (LMs), 338 Marketers, 327 Building and Energy materials Suppliers (BEMSr) and 62 Medicinal Herbs Collectors (MHCs). The NTFPs were identified and prioritised. Contributions of selected NTFPs to community livelihoods were evaluated using Food, Livestock Feed (LF), Income and Employment Generation (IEG), Building and Energy Material Supplies (BEMS) and Medicinal Herbs Utilisation (MHU) as indices of livelihoods. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-square and logistic regression at α0.05. Two hundred and six NTFPs were identified. Ten species having priority for community livelihoods were Afzelia africana (35), Balanites aegyptiaca (34.5), Vitellaria paradoxa (34), Parkia biglobosa (33.5), Irvingia gabonensis (33), Xylopia aethiopica (32.5), Faidherbia albida (32), Adansonia digitata (32), Brachystegia eurycoma (32), and Elaeis guineensis (31.5). Forty-six species of NTFPs were used as Food (36 trees, 3 shrubs, 7 herbs), twenty-four as BEMSr (17 trees, 3 shrubs, 4 herbs) and twenty-nine for MHU (24 trees, 2 shrubs, 3 herbs). The two hundred and six NTFPs belong to forty-four families. The NTFPs contributed N2,065±1197.43 to Harvesters, N1,523.18±977.71 to LMs, N4, 882.06±3391.75 to Marketers, N1, 268.47±2023.61 to BEMSr and N1, 553.23±1062.74 to MHU as income/month. The NTFPs contributions to community livelihoods were: 34.1% (food) 14.9% (LF); 22.9% (IEG); 22.8% (BEMS) and 5.3% (MHU). Community livelihoods significantly depended on NTFPs (χ2 = 94.83). Harvesters’ occupation (6.25), age (9.22), monthly income (2.13), AEZ (1.77), sex (1.65), educational status (1.22) and main forest based activities (1.21) are likely to influence their dependence on NTFPs for livelihood. The AEZs (6.88), sex (5.85) and age (4.09) of LMs are likely to influence their dependence on NTFPs, while monthly income (7.99), AEZ (6.28), sex (2.01) and educational status (1.63) of marketers are likely to influence their dependence on NTFPs for livelihood. Also, AEZ (1.98) and monthly income (1.31) are likely to influence BEMS dependence on NTFPs, while age (4.87), sex (6.84) and AEZ (4.29) are likely to influence MHC dependence on NTFPs for livelihood. Ten of the identified 206 Non-Timber Forest Products significantly enhanced livelihood status in Taraba State. These species are however under pressure due to multiple usage, which have implication for their sustainable management. In situ conservation is therefore recommended to mitigate the pressure on them 1 results 1
- Non-Timber forest Products 1 results 1
- Nutritional elements 1 results 1
- Oil degradation 1 results 1
- Oil palm pollen 1 results 1
- see all…
- SUNScholar — Stellenbosch University Repository 177 results 177
- UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository 63 results 63
- UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository 40 results 40
- AUC Knowledge Fountain — bepress 6 results 6
- KNUSTSpace — Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology (Ghana) 1 results 1