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A comparative study of anti-slavery in 19th century Middle East and North Africa: the cases of the Egyptian Khedivate and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis
In the nineteenth century, the polities in the Middle East and North Africa encountered the British pressure to abolish the slave trade and slavery. While the Khedivate of Egypt and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis faced the same pressure, the internal causes of them such as a diplomatic motive also led...
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2020
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| _version_ | 1867613418974871552 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Kim, Seong Hyun |
| author_browse | Kim, Seong Hyun |
| author_facet | Kim, Seong Hyun |
| author_sort | Kim, Seong Hyun |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | The author retains all rights with regard to copyright. The author certifies that written permission from the owner(s) of third-party copyrighted matter included in the thesis, dissertation, paper, or record of study has been obtained. The author further certifies that IRB approval has been obtained for this thesis, or that IRB approval is not necessary for this thesis. Insofar as this thesis, dissertation, paper, or record of study is an educational record as defined in the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) (20 USC 1232g), the author has granted consent to disclosure of it to anyone who requests a copy. The author has granted the American University in Cairo or its agents a non-exclusive license to archive this thesis, dissertation, paper, or record of study, and to make it accessible, in whole or in part, in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. |
| description | In the nineteenth century, the polities in the Middle East and North Africa encountered the British pressure to abolish the slave trade and slavery. While the Khedivate of Egypt and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis faced the same pressure, the internal causes of them such as a diplomatic motive also led them to adopt anti-slavery policies. However, despite the similar motivations and conditions, their practical measures against the slave trade and slavery showed apparent differences. Saʿid (r. 1854-1863) and Ismaʿil (1863-1879) of the Egyptian Khedivate took many measures against slavery and the slave trade, but their orders or decrees lacked detailed plans before the ultimate termination of the slave trade was announced in 1877, as a result of the Anglo-Egyptian convention. That convention was arranged only two years before the abdication of Ismaʿil and the convention did not specify the full abolition of slavery itself. As for the anti-slavery process of the Tunisian Beylik, Ahmad Bey (r. 1837-1855) took measures against slavery at a rapid pace. He prohibited the slave trade in 1841 and abolished slavery itself in 1846. The immediate and complete liberation of all slaves in 1846 was not attempted in the Khedivate of Egypt before it became a protectorate of the British Empire. This thesis attempts to find the major factors which influenced their different measures. For this purpose, three major differences between two polities in the scale of the slave trade, the presence of organized slave traders, and the government’s demand for slaves are compared. A comparison of the anti-slavery policies in two states that otherwise have multiple similar conditions will suggest the reasons for different paces and procedures of state-led anti-slavery efforts that can be applied to other polities. This comparison also may reveal to some extent how a state project during this period could be influenced by other state projects, their specific characteristics, and the interest groups related to those projects. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:fount.aucegypt.edu:etds-2468 |
| institution | American University in Cairo (Egypt) |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:35:50.652Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from AUC Knowledge Fountain — bepress |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateRange | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | AUC Knowledge Fountain |
| publisherStr | AUC Knowledge Fountain |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | AUC Knowledge Fountain — bepress |
| spelling | oai:fount.aucegypt.edu:etds-2468 A comparative study of anti-slavery in 19th century Middle East and North Africa: the cases of the Egyptian Khedivate and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis Kim, Seong Hyun In the nineteenth century, the polities in the Middle East and North Africa encountered the British pressure to abolish the slave trade and slavery. While the Khedivate of Egypt and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis faced the same pressure, the internal causes of them such as a diplomatic motive also led them to adopt anti-slavery policies. However, despite the similar motivations and conditions, their practical measures against the slave trade and slavery showed apparent differences. Saʿid (r. 1854-1863) and Ismaʿil (1863-1879) of the Egyptian Khedivate took many measures against slavery and the slave trade, but their orders or decrees lacked detailed plans before the ultimate termination of the slave trade was announced in 1877, as a result of the Anglo-Egyptian convention. That convention was arranged only two years before the abdication of Ismaʿil and the convention did not specify the full abolition of slavery itself. As for the anti-slavery process of the Tunisian Beylik, Ahmad Bey (r. 1837-1855) took measures against slavery at a rapid pace. He prohibited the slave trade in 1841 and abolished slavery itself in 1846. The immediate and complete liberation of all slaves in 1846 was not attempted in the Khedivate of Egypt before it became a protectorate of the British Empire. This thesis attempts to find the major factors which influenced their different measures. For this purpose, three major differences between two polities in the scale of the slave trade, the presence of organized slave traders, and the government’s demand for slaves are compared. A comparison of the anti-slavery policies in two states that otherwise have multiple similar conditions will suggest the reasons for different paces and procedures of state-led anti-slavery efforts that can be applied to other polities. This comparison also may reveal to some extent how a state project during this period could be influenced by other state projects, their specific characteristics, and the interest groups related to those projects. 2020-05-31T07:00:00Z thesis application/pdf https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/1460 https://fount.aucegypt.edu/context/etds/article/2468/viewcontent/Thesis_20Seong_20Hyun_20Kim.pdf The author retains all rights with regard to copyright. The author certifies that written permission from the owner(s) of third-party copyrighted matter included in the thesis, dissertation, paper, or record of study has been obtained. The author further certifies that IRB approval has been obtained for this thesis, or that IRB approval is not necessary for this thesis. Insofar as this thesis, dissertation, paper, or record of study is an educational record as defined in the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) (20 USC 1232g), the author has granted consent to disclosure of it to anyone who requests a copy. The author has granted the American University in Cairo or its agents a non-exclusive license to archive this thesis, dissertation, paper, or record of study, and to make it accessible, in whole or in part, in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. Theses and Dissertations AUC Knowledge Fountain Anti-Slavery||Egypt||Tunisia||Black Slaves |
| spellingShingle | Anti-Slavery||Egypt||Tunisia||Black Slaves Kim, Seong Hyun A comparative study of anti-slavery in 19th century Middle East and North Africa: the cases of the Egyptian Khedivate and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis |
| title | A comparative study of anti-slavery in 19th century Middle East and North Africa: the cases of the Egyptian Khedivate and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis |
| title_full | A comparative study of anti-slavery in 19th century Middle East and North Africa: the cases of the Egyptian Khedivate and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis |
| title_fullStr | A comparative study of anti-slavery in 19th century Middle East and North Africa: the cases of the Egyptian Khedivate and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis |
| title_full_unstemmed | A comparative study of anti-slavery in 19th century Middle East and North Africa: the cases of the Egyptian Khedivate and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis |
| title_short | A comparative study of anti-slavery in 19th century Middle East and North Africa: the cases of the Egyptian Khedivate and the Husaynid Beylik of Tunis |
| title_sort | comparative study of anti slavery in 19th century middle east and north africa the cases of the egyptian khedivate and the husaynid beylik of tunis |
| topic | Anti-Slavery||Egypt||Tunisia||Black Slaves |
| url | https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/1460 https://fount.aucegypt.edu/context/etds/article/2468/viewcontent/Thesis_20Seong_20Hyun_20Kim.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kimseonghyun acomparativestudyofantislaveryin19thcenturymiddleeastandnorthafricathecasesoftheegyptiankhedivateandthehusaynidbeylikoftunis AT kimseonghyun comparativestudyofantislaveryin19thcenturymiddleeastandnorthafricathecasesoftheegyptiankhedivateandthehusaynidbeylikoftunis |