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Navigating Uncertainty: The Role of Gold, Silver, Oil, Cryptocurrency, and ESG indices in the MENA Region

This study examines the effectiveness of various financial instruments as hedges and safe havens during different market conditions in the MENA region. It compares traditional safe-haven investments ( gold, silver, and oil) and non-traditional safe-havens (cryptocurrencies and ESG stocks) to determi...

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Main Author: Sakr, Rahaf Zakaria
Format: Thesis
Published: AUC Knowledge Fountain 2023
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access_status_str Open Access
author Sakr, Rahaf Zakaria
author_browse Sakr, Rahaf Zakaria
author_facet Sakr, Rahaf Zakaria
author_sort Sakr, Rahaf Zakaria
collection Thesis
description This study examines the effectiveness of various financial instruments as hedges and safe havens during different market conditions in the MENA region. It compares traditional safe-haven investments ( gold, silver, and oil) and non-traditional safe-havens (cryptocurrencies and ESG stocks) to determine which investments function better as hedges and safe havens during different market conditions. The data covers eight years, starting in 2015 and ending in early 2023. DCC GARCH is utilized to examine time variation in conditional correlations. This study finds that Gold, Silver, and cryptocurrency can be considered strong hedges to the MENA market on average and weak safe havens during times of uncertainty. Oil can only be considered a weak hedge on average and presents stable correlations with the MENA index during specific periods. The ESG index does not provide evidence for being a good hedge or safe-haven.
format Thesis
id oai:fount.aucegypt.edu:etds-3136
institution American University in Cairo (Egypt)
last_indexed 2026-06-10T12:35:54.296Z
license_str Not specified — see source repository
provenance_str_mv Harvested via OAI-PMH from AUC Knowledge Fountain — bepress
publishDate 2023
publishDateRange 2023
publishDateSort 2023
publisher AUC Knowledge Fountain
publisherStr AUC Knowledge Fountain
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source_str AUC Knowledge Fountain — bepress
spelling oai:fount.aucegypt.edu:etds-3136 Navigating Uncertainty: The Role of Gold, Silver, Oil, Cryptocurrency, and ESG indices in the MENA Region Sakr, Rahaf Zakaria This study examines the effectiveness of various financial instruments as hedges and safe havens during different market conditions in the MENA region. It compares traditional safe-haven investments ( gold, silver, and oil) and non-traditional safe-havens (cryptocurrencies and ESG stocks) to determine which investments function better as hedges and safe havens during different market conditions. The data covers eight years, starting in 2015 and ending in early 2023. DCC GARCH is utilized to examine time variation in conditional correlations. This study finds that Gold, Silver, and cryptocurrency can be considered strong hedges to the MENA market on average and weak safe havens during times of uncertainty. Oil can only be considered a weak hedge on average and presents stable correlations with the MENA index during specific periods. The ESG index does not provide evidence for being a good hedge or safe-haven. 2023-05-30T07:00:00Z thesis application/pdf https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/2098 https://fount.aucegypt.edu/context/etds/article/3136/viewcontent/Master_of_Science_in_Finance_Thesis_Rahaf_Sakr_800201504.pdf Theses and Dissertations AUC Knowledge Fountain Safe-Havens Hedges Gold Silver Oil cryptocurrencies ESG Sustainability MENA region Finance and Financial Management
spellingShingle Safe-Havens
Hedges
Gold
Silver
Oil
cryptocurrencies
ESG
Sustainability
MENA region
Finance and Financial Management
Sakr, Rahaf Zakaria
Navigating Uncertainty: The Role of Gold, Silver, Oil, Cryptocurrency, and ESG indices in the MENA Region
title Navigating Uncertainty: The Role of Gold, Silver, Oil, Cryptocurrency, and ESG indices in the MENA Region
title_full Navigating Uncertainty: The Role of Gold, Silver, Oil, Cryptocurrency, and ESG indices in the MENA Region
title_fullStr Navigating Uncertainty: The Role of Gold, Silver, Oil, Cryptocurrency, and ESG indices in the MENA Region
title_full_unstemmed Navigating Uncertainty: The Role of Gold, Silver, Oil, Cryptocurrency, and ESG indices in the MENA Region
title_short Navigating Uncertainty: The Role of Gold, Silver, Oil, Cryptocurrency, and ESG indices in the MENA Region
title_sort navigating uncertainty the role of gold silver oil cryptocurrency and esg indices in the mena region
topic Safe-Havens
Hedges
Gold
Silver
Oil
cryptocurrencies
ESG
Sustainability
MENA region
Finance and Financial Management
url https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/2098
https://fount.aucegypt.edu/context/etds/article/3136/viewcontent/Master_of_Science_in_Finance_Thesis_Rahaf_Sakr_800201504.pdf
work_keys_str_mv AT sakrrahafzakaria navigatinguncertaintytheroleofgoldsilveroilcryptocurrencyandesgindicesinthemenaregion