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Security and Terrorism Vs Free Expression: Analytical Study on The European Court of Human Rights

The 11 of September attacks provide a paradigm shift when it comes to protection of national security. It results in a trending vision that prioritized security over national security, which makes it essential to think about balancing national security with free expression as a pillar of democratiza...

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Main Author: Massoud, Mariam Adel
Format: Thesis
Published: AUC Knowledge Fountain 2025
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access_status_str Open Access
author Massoud, Mariam Adel
author_browse Massoud, Mariam Adel
author_facet Massoud, Mariam Adel
author_sort Massoud, Mariam Adel
collection Thesis
description The 11 of September attacks provide a paradigm shift when it comes to protection of national security. It results in a trending vision that prioritized security over national security, which makes it essential to think about balancing national security with free expression as a pillar of democratization. This study focusses on how the balance between freedom of expression and national security interests is achieved. It studies the legal approached of the European court of human rights and its legal assessment to strike this balance. The findings of this analytical study asserts that in order for the ECtHR to achieve this balance, it implements the 3-part test indicated in the second paragraph of article 10, which include that the interference with free expression must be prescribed by law, pursued a legitimate aim and necessary for democratic society. The court examines each case to determine whether a restriction is legal or not up to those 3 requirements. Despite the fact that the court implement proportionality and margin of appreciation in its assessment of context and content, it is still remained unclear for legal thinkers, how the court logically determine the weight for each factor. This led to an open debate over the coherence and consistency. This study finds that the court’s discissions lack consistency and coherence, when it comes to the principle of proportionality and margin of appreciation implementation. This study believes that the ECtHR lacks the assessment of laws of the respondent state to determine whether they are compatible with the convention. Rather, it only assesses the implementation of those laws, namely the interference itself.
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institution American University in Cairo (Egypt)
last_indexed 2026-06-10T12:35:59.828Z
license_str Not specified — see source repository
provenance_str_mv Harvested via OAI-PMH from AUC Knowledge Fountain — bepress
publishDate 2025
publishDateRange 2025
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spelling oai:fount.aucegypt.edu:etds-3696 Security and Terrorism Vs Free Expression: Analytical Study on The European Court of Human Rights Massoud, Mariam Adel The 11 of September attacks provide a paradigm shift when it comes to protection of national security. It results in a trending vision that prioritized security over national security, which makes it essential to think about balancing national security with free expression as a pillar of democratization. This study focusses on how the balance between freedom of expression and national security interests is achieved. It studies the legal approached of the European court of human rights and its legal assessment to strike this balance. The findings of this analytical study asserts that in order for the ECtHR to achieve this balance, it implements the 3-part test indicated in the second paragraph of article 10, which include that the interference with free expression must be prescribed by law, pursued a legitimate aim and necessary for democratic society. The court examines each case to determine whether a restriction is legal or not up to those 3 requirements. Despite the fact that the court implement proportionality and margin of appreciation in its assessment of context and content, it is still remained unclear for legal thinkers, how the court logically determine the weight for each factor. This led to an open debate over the coherence and consistency. This study finds that the court’s discissions lack consistency and coherence, when it comes to the principle of proportionality and margin of appreciation implementation. This study believes that the ECtHR lacks the assessment of laws of the respondent state to determine whether they are compatible with the convention. Rather, it only assesses the implementation of those laws, namely the interference itself. 2025-09-30T07:00:00Z thesis application/pdf https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/2640 https://fount.aucegypt.edu/context/etds/article/3696/viewcontent/mariam_adel_massoud_thesis.pdf Theses and Dissertations AUC Knowledge Fountain Terrorism freedom of expression national security prescribed by law legitimate aim necessary for democratic society proportionality principle context of the speech severity of sanction margin of appreciation Civil Rights and Discrimination Comparative and Foreign Law European Law Fourteenth Amendment Human Rights Law International Humanitarian Law International Law Jurisprudence Law and Politics Litigation National Security Law Rule of Law
spellingShingle Terrorism
freedom of expression
national security
prescribed by law
legitimate aim
necessary for democratic society
proportionality principle
context of the speech
severity of sanction
margin of appreciation
Civil Rights and Discrimination
Comparative and Foreign Law
European Law
Fourteenth Amendment
Human Rights Law
International Humanitarian Law
International Law
Jurisprudence
Law and Politics
Litigation
National Security Law
Rule of Law
Massoud, Mariam Adel
Security and Terrorism Vs Free Expression: Analytical Study on The European Court of Human Rights
title Security and Terrorism Vs Free Expression: Analytical Study on The European Court of Human Rights
title_full Security and Terrorism Vs Free Expression: Analytical Study on The European Court of Human Rights
title_fullStr Security and Terrorism Vs Free Expression: Analytical Study on The European Court of Human Rights
title_full_unstemmed Security and Terrorism Vs Free Expression: Analytical Study on The European Court of Human Rights
title_short Security and Terrorism Vs Free Expression: Analytical Study on The European Court of Human Rights
title_sort security and terrorism vs free expression analytical study on the european court of human rights
topic Terrorism
freedom of expression
national security
prescribed by law
legitimate aim
necessary for democratic society
proportionality principle
context of the speech
severity of sanction
margin of appreciation
Civil Rights and Discrimination
Comparative and Foreign Law
European Law
Fourteenth Amendment
Human Rights Law
International Humanitarian Law
International Law
Jurisprudence
Law and Politics
Litigation
National Security Law
Rule of Law
url https://fount.aucegypt.edu/etds/2640
https://fount.aucegypt.edu/context/etds/article/3696/viewcontent/mariam_adel_massoud_thesis.pdf
work_keys_str_mv AT massoudmariamadel securityandterrorismvsfreeexpressionanalyticalstudyontheeuropeancourtofhumanrights