Full Text Available
Note: Clicking the button above will open the full text document at the original institutional repository in a new window.
Hand X-ray absorptiometry for measurement of bone mineral density on a slot-scanning X-ray imaging system
Includes bibliographical references.
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Division of Biomedical Engineering
2015
|
| Subjects: | |
| Tags: |
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1867613201287348224 |
|---|---|
| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Dendere, Ronald |
| author2 | Douglas, Tania |
| author_browse | Dendere, Ronald Douglas, Tania |
| author_facet | Douglas, Tania Dendere, Ronald |
| author_sort | Dendere, Ronald |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | Includes bibliographical references. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/13342 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:32:21.936Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateRange | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | Division of Biomedical Engineering |
| publisherStr | Division of Biomedical Engineering |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/13342 Hand X-ray absorptiometry for measurement of bone mineral density on a slot-scanning X-ray imaging system Dendere, Ronald Douglas, Tania Whiley, S Biomedical Engineering Includes bibliographical references. Bone mineral density (BMD) is an indicator of bone strength. While femoral and spinal BMDs are traditionally used in the management of osteoporosis, BMD at peripheral sites such as the hand has been shown to be useful in evaluating fracture risk for axial sites. These peripheral locations have been suggested as alternatives to the traditional sites for BMD measurement. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for measuring BMD due to low radiation dose, high accuracy and proven ability to evaluate fracture risk. Computed digital absorptiometry (CDA) has also been shown to be very effective at measuring the bone mass in hand bones using an aluminium step wedge as a calibration reference. In this project, the aim was to develop algorithm s for accurate measurement of BMD in hand bones on a slot - scanning digital radiography system. The project assess e d the feasibility of measuring bone mineral mass in hand bones using CDA on the current system. Images for CDA - based measurement were acquired using the default settings on the system for a medium sized patient. A method for automatic processing of the hand images to detect the aluminium step wedge, included in the scan for calibration, was developed and the calibration accuracy of the step wedge was evaluated. The CDA method was used for computation of bone mass with units of equivalent aluminium thickness (mmA1). The precision of the method was determined by taking three measurements in each of 1 6 volunteering subjects and computing the root - mean - square coefficient of variation (CV) of the measurements. The utility of the method was assessed by taking measurements of excised bones and assessing the correlation between the measured bone mass and ash weight obtained by incinerating the bones. The project also assessed the feasibility of implementing a DXA technique using two detectors in a slot-scanning digital radiography system to acquire dual-energy X-ray images for measuring areal and volumetric BMD of the middle phalanx of the middle finger. The dual-energy images were captured in two consecutive scans. The first scan captured the low- energy image using the detector in its normal set-up. The second scan captured the high- energy image with the detector modified to include an additional scintillator to simulate the presence of a second detector that would capture the low-energy image in a two-detector system. Scan parameters for acquisition of the dual-energy images were chosen to optimise spectral separation, entrance dose and image quality. Simulations were carried out to evaluate the spectral separation of the low- and high-energy spectra. 2015-07-03T08:30:03Z 2015-07-03T08:30:03Z 2014 Doctoral Thesis Doctoral PhD http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13342 eng application/pdf Division of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town |
| spellingShingle | Biomedical Engineering Dendere, Ronald Hand X-ray absorptiometry for measurement of bone mineral density on a slot-scanning X-ray imaging system |
| thesis_degree_str | Doctoral |
| title | Hand X-ray absorptiometry for measurement of bone mineral density on a slot-scanning X-ray imaging system |
| title_full | Hand X-ray absorptiometry for measurement of bone mineral density on a slot-scanning X-ray imaging system |
| title_fullStr | Hand X-ray absorptiometry for measurement of bone mineral density on a slot-scanning X-ray imaging system |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hand X-ray absorptiometry for measurement of bone mineral density on a slot-scanning X-ray imaging system |
| title_short | Hand X-ray absorptiometry for measurement of bone mineral density on a slot-scanning X-ray imaging system |
| title_sort | hand x ray absorptiometry for measurement of bone mineral density on a slot scanning x ray imaging system |
| topic | Biomedical Engineering |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13342 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dendereronald handxrayabsorptiometryformeasurementofbonemineraldensityonaslotscanningxrayimagingsystem |