Full Text Available
Note: Clicking the button above will open the full text document at the original institutional repository in a new window.
A review of children admitted to a regional hospital in Cape Town with community acquired pneumonia
Background: Pneumonia is a leading cause of death in children under - five. Epidemiology in our province at regional level has not been described since 2004, when HAART was rolled out and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV) was introduced. Objectives: Describe the demographic profile, disease...
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
2016
|
| Subjects: | |
| Tags: |
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1867614265848889344 |
|---|---|
| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Meyer, Mandy-Lyn |
| author2 | Cooke, M L |
| author_browse | Cooke, M L Meyer, Mandy-Lyn |
| author_facet | Cooke, M L Meyer, Mandy-Lyn |
| author_sort | Meyer, Mandy-Lyn |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | Background: Pneumonia is a leading cause of death in children under - five. Epidemiology in our province at regional level has not been described since 2004, when HAART was rolled out and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV) was introduced. Objectives: Describe the demographic profile, disease severity, risks for transfer and mortality and the management of children >2 months, admitted with CAP over a one year period. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of every second patient (>2 months to 13 years) admitted to Somerset Hospital in 2012 with the diagnosis of CAP. Demographic, clinical and outcome data were extracted from hospital records and analysed using STATA®. Results: Of 380 cases reviewed, 90% had severe disease; the median age was 9.4 months (IQR 4.8 - 23). Of these 89 (23%) were LBW (<2500g) and 75 (20%) were born premature. Median age at presentation for these groups was 5.7 months compared with 10.6 months in t erm children ( p=0.0003 ). Forty - one (12%) were severely malnourished; 34 (9%) were HIV - positive. Children below 1 0 /12 were more likely to have incomplete immunisations (57/190, p=0.011). Only 15% of TB - exposed children < 5 years were on Isoniazid Prevention Therapy (IPT). Prevalence of comorbid conditions was high. Median duration of stay was 3 days (IQR 2 - 6); this increased to 6.5 (IQR 4.5 - 9.5) with neurological disease and 6 (IQR4 - 10) with proven RSV. Seventeen patients (4.5%) required transfer to tertiary level. Mortality rate was 0.5%. Conclusion: Preventative measures must focus on populations at risk - LBW and preterm children in first year of life, malnourished children and those with comorbidities like HIV. Immunisation and IPT rates can be improved. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/20297 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:49:18.294Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateRange | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | Department of Paediatrics and Child Health |
| publisherStr | Department of Paediatrics and Child Health |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/20297 A review of children admitted to a regional hospital in Cape Town with community acquired pneumonia Meyer, Mandy-Lyn Cooke, M L Paediatrics Background: Pneumonia is a leading cause of death in children under - five. Epidemiology in our province at regional level has not been described since 2004, when HAART was rolled out and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV) was introduced. Objectives: Describe the demographic profile, disease severity, risks for transfer and mortality and the management of children >2 months, admitted with CAP over a one year period. Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of every second patient (>2 months to 13 years) admitted to Somerset Hospital in 2012 with the diagnosis of CAP. Demographic, clinical and outcome data were extracted from hospital records and analysed using STATA®. Results: Of 380 cases reviewed, 90% had severe disease; the median age was 9.4 months (IQR 4.8 - 23). Of these 89 (23%) were LBW (<2500g) and 75 (20%) were born premature. Median age at presentation for these groups was 5.7 months compared with 10.6 months in t erm children ( p=0.0003 ). Forty - one (12%) were severely malnourished; 34 (9%) were HIV - positive. Children below 1 0 /12 were more likely to have incomplete immunisations (57/190, p=0.011). Only 15% of TB - exposed children < 5 years were on Isoniazid Prevention Therapy (IPT). Prevalence of comorbid conditions was high. Median duration of stay was 3 days (IQR 2 - 6); this increased to 6.5 (IQR 4.5 - 9.5) with neurological disease and 6 (IQR4 - 10) with proven RSV. Seventeen patients (4.5%) required transfer to tertiary level. Mortality rate was 0.5%. Conclusion: Preventative measures must focus on populations at risk - LBW and preterm children in first year of life, malnourished children and those with comorbidities like HIV. Immunisation and IPT rates can be improved. 2016-07-11T13:50:59Z 2016-07-11T13:50:59Z 2016 Master Thesis Masters MMed http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20297 eng application/pdf Department of Paediatrics and Child Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town |
| spellingShingle | Paediatrics Meyer, Mandy-Lyn A review of children admitted to a regional hospital in Cape Town with community acquired pneumonia |
| thesis_degree_str | Master's |
| title | A review of children admitted to a regional hospital in Cape Town with community acquired pneumonia |
| title_full | A review of children admitted to a regional hospital in Cape Town with community acquired pneumonia |
| title_fullStr | A review of children admitted to a regional hospital in Cape Town with community acquired pneumonia |
| title_full_unstemmed | A review of children admitted to a regional hospital in Cape Town with community acquired pneumonia |
| title_short | A review of children admitted to a regional hospital in Cape Town with community acquired pneumonia |
| title_sort | review of children admitted to a regional hospital in cape town with community acquired pneumonia |
| topic | Paediatrics |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20297 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT meyermandylyn areviewofchildrenadmittedtoaregionalhospitalincapetownwithcommunityacquiredpneumonia AT meyermandylyn reviewofchildrenadmittedtoaregionalhospitalincapetownwithcommunityacquiredpneumonia |