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Antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter isolates from Groote Schuur Hospital region : an investigation of the appropriateness/validity of the NCCLS zone size criteria

Since the 1970s, relatively uncommon species of non-enteric gram-negative bacilli have emerged as nosocomial colonizers and pathogens. Among them, one of the most significant genera is Acinetobacter, which has given rise to an increasing number of reports of nosocomial infections. The introduction o...

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Main Author: Ben-Ismaeil, B I
Other Authors: Roditi, D
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: Division of Medical Microbiology 2017
Subjects:
Medical Microbiology
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access_status_str Open Access
author Ben-Ismaeil, B I
author2 Roditi, D
author_browse Ben-Ismaeil, B I
Roditi, D
author_facet Roditi, D
Ben-Ismaeil, B I
author_sort Ben-Ismaeil, B I
collection Thesis
description Since the 1970s, relatively uncommon species of non-enteric gram-negative bacilli have emerged as nosocomial colonizers and pathogens. Among them, one of the most significant genera is Acinetobacter, which has given rise to an increasing number of reports of nosocomial infections. The introduction of new broad-spectrum antimicrobials in the hospitals has been one of the main factors responsible for this development.In addition leading to a move from more susceptible towards more resistant pathogens. This occurred both between and within genera. Owing to the unpredictable antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter spp., it is prudent to test each isolate for its susceptibility profile to guide in the proper treatment of infections caused by Acinetobacter.The disk diffusion method is the technique most widely used by microbiology laboratories for the routine assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.The zone diameters obtained by this technique for individual antimicrobials are reported as susceptible, intermediate or resistant by referring to an interpretative chart.Most laboratories use interpretative charts (zone size criteria) supplied by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) for this purpose.In our laboratory we have noted discrepancies between sensitivities as determined by the NCCLS zone size criteria and the local minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results obtained for Acinetobacter species, especially for cefepime (CPIM) and ceftazidime (CT AZ). Since Acinetobacter species contribute significantly to the increased morbidity and mortality of debilitated patients ( especially v entilated ICU patients, and the fact that clinicians rely on the antimicrobial susceptibility results in the management and treatment of these patients, it was felt necessary to investigate the appropriateness/validity of the NCCLS zone size criteria used to interpret the susceptibility test results of cefepime (CPIM), ceftazidime (CT AZ), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SULF A), and piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP-T AZO) against Acinetobacter spp.
format Thesis
id oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/25676
institution University of Cape Town (South Africa)
language eng
last_indexed 2026-06-10T12:31:31.816Z
license_str Not specified — see source repository
provenance_str_mv Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository
publishDate 2017
publishDateRange 2017
publishDateSort 2017
publisher Division of Medical Microbiology
publisherStr Division of Medical Microbiology
record_format dspace
source_str UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository
spelling oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/25676 Antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter isolates from Groote Schuur Hospital region : an investigation of the appropriateness/validity of the NCCLS zone size criteria Ben-Ismaeil, B I Roditi, D Oliver, S Medical Microbiology Since the 1970s, relatively uncommon species of non-enteric gram-negative bacilli have emerged as nosocomial colonizers and pathogens. Among them, one of the most significant genera is Acinetobacter, which has given rise to an increasing number of reports of nosocomial infections. The introduction of new broad-spectrum antimicrobials in the hospitals has been one of the main factors responsible for this development.In addition leading to a move from more susceptible towards more resistant pathogens. This occurred both between and within genera. Owing to the unpredictable antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter spp., it is prudent to test each isolate for its susceptibility profile to guide in the proper treatment of infections caused by Acinetobacter.The disk diffusion method is the technique most widely used by microbiology laboratories for the routine assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.The zone diameters obtained by this technique for individual antimicrobials are reported as susceptible, intermediate or resistant by referring to an interpretative chart.Most laboratories use interpretative charts (zone size criteria) supplied by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) for this purpose.In our laboratory we have noted discrepancies between sensitivities as determined by the NCCLS zone size criteria and the local minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results obtained for Acinetobacter species, especially for cefepime (CPIM) and ceftazidime (CT AZ). Since Acinetobacter species contribute significantly to the increased morbidity and mortality of debilitated patients ( especially v entilated ICU patients, and the fact that clinicians rely on the antimicrobial susceptibility results in the management and treatment of these patients, it was felt necessary to investigate the appropriateness/validity of the NCCLS zone size criteria used to interpret the susceptibility test results of cefepime (CPIM), ceftazidime (CT AZ), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SULF A), and piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP-T AZO) against Acinetobacter spp. 2017-10-13T13:37:56Z 2017-10-13T13:37:56Z 2002 2017-07-17T07:39:03Z Master Thesis Masters MMed http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25676 eng application/pdf Division of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town
spellingShingle Medical Microbiology
Ben-Ismaeil, B I
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter isolates from Groote Schuur Hospital region : an investigation of the appropriateness/validity of the NCCLS zone size criteria
thesis_degree_str Master's
title Antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter isolates from Groote Schuur Hospital region : an investigation of the appropriateness/validity of the NCCLS zone size criteria
title_full Antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter isolates from Groote Schuur Hospital region : an investigation of the appropriateness/validity of the NCCLS zone size criteria
title_fullStr Antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter isolates from Groote Schuur Hospital region : an investigation of the appropriateness/validity of the NCCLS zone size criteria
title_full_unstemmed Antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter isolates from Groote Schuur Hospital region : an investigation of the appropriateness/validity of the NCCLS zone size criteria
title_short Antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter isolates from Groote Schuur Hospital region : an investigation of the appropriateness/validity of the NCCLS zone size criteria
title_sort antimicrobial susceptibility of acinetobacter isolates from groote schuur hospital region an investigation of the appropriateness validity of the nccls zone size criteria
topic Medical Microbiology
url http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25676
work_keys_str_mv AT benismaeilbi antimicrobialsusceptibilityofacinetobacterisolatesfromgrooteschuurhospitalregionaninvestigationoftheappropriatenessvalidityofthencclszonesizecriteria

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