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The prevalence of hearing loss in HIV-infected South African adolescents on antiretroviral therapy
Objective: To investigate hearing loss among perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and HIV-non-infected (HIV-) adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was carried out to describe the prevalence, nature and predictors (demogr...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research (CIDER)
2018
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| _version_ | 1867613202948292608 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Banga, Agatha Tafadzwa |
| author2 | Myer, Landon |
| author_browse | Banga, Agatha Tafadzwa Myer, Landon |
| author_facet | Myer, Landon Banga, Agatha Tafadzwa |
| author_sort | Banga, Agatha Tafadzwa |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | Objective: To investigate hearing loss among perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and HIV-non-infected (HIV-) adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was carried out to describe the prevalence, nature and predictors (demographic, past medical history, clinical findings) of hearing loss in adolescents between 9 and 14 years of age. Screening pure-tone air-conduction (AC) thresholds above 30 decibels (dB) were considered to be indicative of debilitating hearing loss. Statistical analysis included univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The cross-sectional analysis included data from 540 participants; consisting 273 males (51%), 267 females, 432 PHIV+ and 108 HIV-, with a median age of 12 years. Hearing impairment was observed in 19% of all the adolescents in the study. Multivariate analysis showed the following predictors for any hearing loss: an unmarried primary caregiver (odds ratio (OR) 0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.39;0.91, p = 0.015), being female (OR 1.67; 95% CI, 1.12;2.51; p = 0.013) and reports of being troubled by ear pain or discharge in the last month (OR 2.54; 95% CI, 1.55;4.17; p = <0.001) after adjustment. Univariate analysis showed an association between hearing loss and a longer duration on ART among PHIV+ adolescents (OR 1.80, 95%CI 1.17;2.75, p = 0.007). Conclusion: The prevalence of hearing loss appears to be comparable between PHIV+ and HIVadolescents in Cape Town. In low resource settings, a history of ear pain or discharge within the last month may be used as a screening tool for a hearing assessment, and guide referral for formal hearing tests. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/27473 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:32:24.523Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateRange | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research (CIDER) |
| publisherStr | Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research (CIDER) |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/27473 The prevalence of hearing loss in HIV-infected South African adolescents on antiretroviral therapy Banga, Agatha Tafadzwa Myer, Landon Epidemiology Hearing Loss antiretroviral therapy Objective: To investigate hearing loss among perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV+) adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and HIV-non-infected (HIV-) adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was carried out to describe the prevalence, nature and predictors (demographic, past medical history, clinical findings) of hearing loss in adolescents between 9 and 14 years of age. Screening pure-tone air-conduction (AC) thresholds above 30 decibels (dB) were considered to be indicative of debilitating hearing loss. Statistical analysis included univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The cross-sectional analysis included data from 540 participants; consisting 273 males (51%), 267 females, 432 PHIV+ and 108 HIV-, with a median age of 12 years. Hearing impairment was observed in 19% of all the adolescents in the study. Multivariate analysis showed the following predictors for any hearing loss: an unmarried primary caregiver (odds ratio (OR) 0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.39;0.91, p = 0.015), being female (OR 1.67; 95% CI, 1.12;2.51; p = 0.013) and reports of being troubled by ear pain or discharge in the last month (OR 2.54; 95% CI, 1.55;4.17; p = <0.001) after adjustment. Univariate analysis showed an association between hearing loss and a longer duration on ART among PHIV+ adolescents (OR 1.80, 95%CI 1.17;2.75, p = 0.007). Conclusion: The prevalence of hearing loss appears to be comparable between PHIV+ and HIVadolescents in Cape Town. In low resource settings, a history of ear pain or discharge within the last month may be used as a screening tool for a hearing assessment, and guide referral for formal hearing tests. 2018-02-09T12:48:11Z 2018-02-09T12:48:11Z 2017 Master Thesis Masters MPH http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27473 eng application/pdf Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research (CIDER) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town |
| spellingShingle | Epidemiology Hearing Loss antiretroviral therapy Banga, Agatha Tafadzwa The prevalence of hearing loss in HIV-infected South African adolescents on antiretroviral therapy |
| thesis_degree_str | Master's |
| title | The prevalence of hearing loss in HIV-infected South African adolescents on antiretroviral therapy |
| title_full | The prevalence of hearing loss in HIV-infected South African adolescents on antiretroviral therapy |
| title_fullStr | The prevalence of hearing loss in HIV-infected South African adolescents on antiretroviral therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | The prevalence of hearing loss in HIV-infected South African adolescents on antiretroviral therapy |
| title_short | The prevalence of hearing loss in HIV-infected South African adolescents on antiretroviral therapy |
| title_sort | prevalence of hearing loss in hiv infected south african adolescents on antiretroviral therapy |
| topic | Epidemiology Hearing Loss antiretroviral therapy |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27473 |
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