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The effectiveness and implementation of the BokSmart Safe Six Injury prevention programme
INTRODUCTION: Injury prevention programmes in rugby union are important to reduce the sport’s injury burden. The BokSmart Safe Six exercise-based injury prevention programme (“Safe Six”) was designed for this purpose. The programme incorporates six targeted exercises as a warm-up for rugby players....
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine
2019
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| _version_ | 1867613163866816512 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Sewry, Nicola Ann |
| author2 | Van Mechelen, Willem |
| author_browse | Sewry, Nicola Ann Van Mechelen, Willem |
| author_facet | Van Mechelen, Willem Sewry, Nicola Ann |
| author_sort | Sewry, Nicola Ann |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | INTRODUCTION: Injury prevention programmes in rugby union are important to reduce the sport’s injury burden. The BokSmart Safe Six exercise-based injury prevention programme (“Safe Six”) was designed for this purpose. The programme incorporates six targeted exercises as a warm-up for rugby players. The effectiveness of the BokSmart Safe Six programme was assessed using the “Sequence of Prevention” Model.
METHODS: The first study was a prospective cohort study using injury surveillance, of players at the South African Rugby (SA Rugby) Youth week tournaments. The study was conducted over six years to determine the injury incidence density (IID) youth players and also factors associated with the IID. The second study was a systematic review with the purpose of determining the effectiveness of exercise-based injury prevention interventions to reduce injury rates in collision sports. The next study was conducted over three years of SA Rugby Youth weeks and assessed the awareness of coaches and players of the BokSmart Safe Six following a targeted-marketing approach. This was followed by a study in which the BokSmart Safe Six programme was implemented in a cohort of apparently healthy non-rugby playing adults. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of the programme on injury risk profiles (Functional Movement Screening and Musculoskeletal Screening Assessments). The final study was a cluster-randomised controlled trial (cRCT) over eight weeks, using six schools (n = 210 players) in the Western Cape to determine the effectiveness of the BokSmart Safe Six on injury risk profiles and IID.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: SA youth rugby cohort have a similar IID to other youth rugby cohorts (and in some instances lower). The systematic review identified only one highlevel study (out of three) that was effective for injury prevention. The players’ awareness of the BokSmart Safe Six was associated with the awareness of their specific coaches’ awareness. The awareness increased during the targeted marketing approach. The BokSmart Safe Six was associated with minimal significant improvements of the injury risk profiles in both the healthy adults and in the cRCT intervention group youth rugby players. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/29609 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:31:47.142Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateRange | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine |
| publisherStr | Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/29609 The effectiveness and implementation of the BokSmart Safe Six Injury prevention programme Sewry, Nicola Ann Van Mechelen, Willem Lambert, Mike Verhagen, Evert Brown, James Medicine INTRODUCTION: Injury prevention programmes in rugby union are important to reduce the sport’s injury burden. The BokSmart Safe Six exercise-based injury prevention programme (“Safe Six”) was designed for this purpose. The programme incorporates six targeted exercises as a warm-up for rugby players. The effectiveness of the BokSmart Safe Six programme was assessed using the “Sequence of Prevention” Model. METHODS: The first study was a prospective cohort study using injury surveillance, of players at the South African Rugby (SA Rugby) Youth week tournaments. The study was conducted over six years to determine the injury incidence density (IID) youth players and also factors associated with the IID. The second study was a systematic review with the purpose of determining the effectiveness of exercise-based injury prevention interventions to reduce injury rates in collision sports. The next study was conducted over three years of SA Rugby Youth weeks and assessed the awareness of coaches and players of the BokSmart Safe Six following a targeted-marketing approach. This was followed by a study in which the BokSmart Safe Six programme was implemented in a cohort of apparently healthy non-rugby playing adults. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of the programme on injury risk profiles (Functional Movement Screening and Musculoskeletal Screening Assessments). The final study was a cluster-randomised controlled trial (cRCT) over eight weeks, using six schools (n = 210 players) in the Western Cape to determine the effectiveness of the BokSmart Safe Six on injury risk profiles and IID. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: SA youth rugby cohort have a similar IID to other youth rugby cohorts (and in some instances lower). The systematic review identified only one highlevel study (out of three) that was effective for injury prevention. The players’ awareness of the BokSmart Safe Six was associated with the awareness of their specific coaches’ awareness. The awareness increased during the targeted marketing approach. The BokSmart Safe Six was associated with minimal significant improvements of the injury risk profiles in both the healthy adults and in the cRCT intervention group youth rugby players. 2019-02-18T10:51:05Z 2019-02-18T10:51:05Z 2018 2019-02-12T12:52:58Z Doctoral Thesis Doctoral PhD http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29609 eng application/pdf Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town |
| spellingShingle | Medicine Sewry, Nicola Ann The effectiveness and implementation of the BokSmart Safe Six Injury prevention programme |
| thesis_degree_str | Doctoral |
| title | The effectiveness and implementation of the BokSmart Safe Six Injury prevention programme |
| title_full | The effectiveness and implementation of the BokSmart Safe Six Injury prevention programme |
| title_fullStr | The effectiveness and implementation of the BokSmart Safe Six Injury prevention programme |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effectiveness and implementation of the BokSmart Safe Six Injury prevention programme |
| title_short | The effectiveness and implementation of the BokSmart Safe Six Injury prevention programme |
| title_sort | effectiveness and implementation of the boksmart safe six injury prevention programme |
| topic | Medicine |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29609 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sewrynicolaann theeffectivenessandimplementationoftheboksmartsafesixinjurypreventionprogramme AT sewrynicolaann effectivenessandimplementationoftheboksmartsafesixinjurypreventionprogramme |