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Loss and damage from droughts: material and non-material impacts of water scarcity on women farmers in Gugulethu, Cape Town
Climate change is causing loss and damage (L&D) to those who are unable to adapt to its impacts. Coming from a growing recognition that adaptation to climate change has limits, the concept of L&D is a relative new-comer to the international agenda on climate change. To reduce L&D and compensate for...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Department of Environmental and Geographical Science
2020
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| _version_ | 1867614485023293440 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Lavirotte, Lucy |
| author2 | Ziervogel, Gina |
| author_browse | Lavirotte, Lucy Ziervogel, Gina |
| author_facet | Ziervogel, Gina Lavirotte, Lucy |
| author_sort | Lavirotte, Lucy |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | Climate change is causing loss and damage (L&D) to those who are unable to adapt to its impacts. Coming from a growing recognition that adaptation to climate change has limits, the concept of L&D is a relative new-comer to the international agenda on climate change. To reduce L&D and compensate for it, the United Nations Framework on Climate Change (UNFCCC) first needs to understand what these residual impacts of climate change are. However, the literature on lived-experiences of L&D is limited, especially on non-material L&D which is more difficult to measure. Using Warner et al. (2013) definition of L&D, this study first assesses what material and non-material losses and damages from the Cape Town drought have been on a group of urban-poor women farmers. Then, this research uses a barriers and enablers to adaptation framework to understand how to reduce these losses and damages. This qualitative case-study investigates women farmers’ lived-experiences of L&D during the 2015-2017 drought in Gugulethu, a low-income settlement in Cape Town, to feed into broader debates on ways to reduce L&D in global south cities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six women farmers from the Umthunzi Farming Community and five other actors involved in urban agriculture in Gugulethu. The findings suggest that women farmers in this context are already experiencing L&D, with psychological, physical and social implications which appear to be particularly pertinent to their group. All participants had to reduce or stop farming which led to L&D on their urban agriculture benefits as well as L&D on their institutional trust towards the City of Cape Town. Most of these L&D were non-material. Some of the barriers to adapt and reduce L&D were a lack of external support (from the city and NGOs), a lack of financial capacity to adopt coping measures and a lack of knowledge on the possible coping measures and external support options. Enablers to reduce L&D from the drought were access to support from the Western Cape Department of Agriculture (DoA), higher levels of education, a diversity of livelihoods and a strong network with other farmers. In conclusion it emerged that external support from government departments and NGOs to urban-poor women farmers is important for adapting to the possibility of future droughts. The vulnerability of these women farmers in low-income areas need to be addressed at their roots. These emerging conceptual openings emphasise the importance of exploring lived-experiences of L&D to better reduce the risk of L&D in vulnerable communities. Further research is necessary on compensation for unavoidable L&D, which is beyond the limits of this research. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/31602 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:52:47.315Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateRange | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Department of Environmental and Geographical Science |
| publisherStr | Department of Environmental and Geographical Science |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/31602 Loss and damage from droughts: material and non-material impacts of water scarcity on women farmers in Gugulethu, Cape Town Lavirotte, Lucy Ziervogel, Gina Norton, Marieke climate change Climate change is causing loss and damage (L&D) to those who are unable to adapt to its impacts. Coming from a growing recognition that adaptation to climate change has limits, the concept of L&D is a relative new-comer to the international agenda on climate change. To reduce L&D and compensate for it, the United Nations Framework on Climate Change (UNFCCC) first needs to understand what these residual impacts of climate change are. However, the literature on lived-experiences of L&D is limited, especially on non-material L&D which is more difficult to measure. Using Warner et al. (2013) definition of L&D, this study first assesses what material and non-material losses and damages from the Cape Town drought have been on a group of urban-poor women farmers. Then, this research uses a barriers and enablers to adaptation framework to understand how to reduce these losses and damages. This qualitative case-study investigates women farmers’ lived-experiences of L&D during the 2015-2017 drought in Gugulethu, a low-income settlement in Cape Town, to feed into broader debates on ways to reduce L&D in global south cities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six women farmers from the Umthunzi Farming Community and five other actors involved in urban agriculture in Gugulethu. The findings suggest that women farmers in this context are already experiencing L&D, with psychological, physical and social implications which appear to be particularly pertinent to their group. All participants had to reduce or stop farming which led to L&D on their urban agriculture benefits as well as L&D on their institutional trust towards the City of Cape Town. Most of these L&D were non-material. Some of the barriers to adapt and reduce L&D were a lack of external support (from the city and NGOs), a lack of financial capacity to adopt coping measures and a lack of knowledge on the possible coping measures and external support options. Enablers to reduce L&D from the drought were access to support from the Western Cape Department of Agriculture (DoA), higher levels of education, a diversity of livelihoods and a strong network with other farmers. In conclusion it emerged that external support from government departments and NGOs to urban-poor women farmers is important for adapting to the possibility of future droughts. The vulnerability of these women farmers in low-income areas need to be addressed at their roots. These emerging conceptual openings emphasise the importance of exploring lived-experiences of L&D to better reduce the risk of L&D in vulnerable communities. Further research is necessary on compensation for unavoidable L&D, which is beyond the limits of this research. 2020-03-16T15:59:47Z 2020-03-16T15:59:47Z 2019 2020-03-16T14:47:26Z Master Thesis Masters MPhil http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31602 eng application/pdf Department of Environmental and Geographical Science Faculty of Science |
| spellingShingle | climate change Lavirotte, Lucy Loss and damage from droughts: material and non-material impacts of water scarcity on women farmers in Gugulethu, Cape Town |
| thesis_degree_str | Master's |
| title | Loss and damage from droughts: material and non-material impacts of water scarcity on women farmers in Gugulethu, Cape Town |
| title_full | Loss and damage from droughts: material and non-material impacts of water scarcity on women farmers in Gugulethu, Cape Town |
| title_fullStr | Loss and damage from droughts: material and non-material impacts of water scarcity on women farmers in Gugulethu, Cape Town |
| title_full_unstemmed | Loss and damage from droughts: material and non-material impacts of water scarcity on women farmers in Gugulethu, Cape Town |
| title_short | Loss and damage from droughts: material and non-material impacts of water scarcity on women farmers in Gugulethu, Cape Town |
| title_sort | loss and damage from droughts material and non material impacts of water scarcity on women farmers in gugulethu cape town |
| topic | climate change |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31602 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lavirottelucy lossanddamagefromdroughtsmaterialandnonmaterialimpactsofwaterscarcityonwomenfarmersingugulethucapetown |