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Association of Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella, and Rothia with childhood wheezing
Wheezing symptoms among children, present major health and economic problems globally. A recent study conducted in Canada observed a reduction in stool bacterial genera Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella and Rothia (FLVR) in three-month old infants with atopy-wheeze symptoms. It is not known...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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Department of Pathology
2022
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| _version_ | 1867613166217723904 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Kanyemba, Saara |
| author2 | Kaba, Mamadou |
| author_browse | Kaba, Mamadou Kanyemba, Saara |
| author_facet | Kaba, Mamadou Kanyemba, Saara |
| author_sort | Kanyemba, Saara |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | Wheezing symptoms among children, present major health and economic problems globally. A recent study conducted in Canada observed a reduction in stool bacterial genera Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella and Rothia (FLVR) in three-month old infants with atopy-wheeze symptoms. It is not known whether this is true in different human populations worldwide. The overall aim of this dissertation was to investigate the contribution of any of the FLVR bacteria or their combination in the occurrence of infant wheezing within the Drakenstein Child Health Study (DCHS), South Africa. To address this aim, I began my thesis's project by conducting a systematic literature review which investigated the association of FLVR bacteria with the occurrence of different respiratory diseases in humans. My review provided evidence for the possible involvement of FLVR bacteria in human respiratory diseases, including asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis and pneumonia. Furthermore, this review highlighted the need for a well-designed and large study to investigate the contribution of the FLVR bacteria in respiratory diseases, in an African setting. Secondly, I optimized SYBR Green based real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as well as conventional PCR assays for the detection of FLVR bacteria. Using the optimized assays, I screened 533 stool samples collected from 140 wheezing and 140 nonwheezing infants. The optimized assays demonstrated good performance in the detection of FLVR bacteria from human stool samples. Using qPCR, Rothia, Veillonella, Faecalibacterium and Lachnospira were detected in 90% (479/533), 73% (388/533), 51% (274/533) and 14% (77/533) of the samples, respectively. Conventional PCR permitted the detection of Rothia, Veillonella, Faecalibacterium and Lachnospira in 55% (263/479), 74% (289/388), 53% (145/274) and 0% (0/77) of the qPCR positive samples, respectively. I also determined the factors associated with faecal colonization by FLVR bacteria in the first year of life. I showed that reduced colonisation by Faecalibacterium was associated with male gender (adjusted OR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.42 - 0.98) and TC-Newman residence (adjusted OR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.29 - 0.91). Breastfeeding was associated with less colonisation by both Lachnospira, (adjusted OR = 0.17, 95%CI: 0.05 - 0.49) and Veilonella (adjusted OR = 0.32, 95%CI: 0.10 - 0.91). Mother's tertiary education was significantly associated with high Rothia colonisation (adjusted OR = 11.73, 95%CI: 1.36 - 2.58). In the last section of my thesis, I assessed the association of FLVR bacteria with infant wheezing using logistic regression models. I found a significant association of Rothia with reduced risk of infant wheezing (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=0.54, 95%CI: 0.28-0.93) and recurrent wheezing (aOR=0.29, 95%CI: 0.05-0.88). Using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), I showed that among all FLVR bacteria, Lachnospira (AUROC = 0.833, 95%CI: 0.64-1.00) and Rothia (AUC=0.707, 95%CI: 0.62-0.79) could serve as biomarkers for early prediction of infant wheezing. Overall, this is the first study on FLVR bacteria and infant wheezing to be conducted in Africa. Its findings encourage more research to be conducted in order to elucidate the potential protective role of Rothia against childhood wheeze and asthma, as well as the contribution of Lachnospira in asthma development. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/36855 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:31:48.735Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | Department of Pathology |
| publisherStr | Department of Pathology |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/36855 Association of Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella, and Rothia with childhood wheezing Kanyemba, Saara Kaba, Mamadou Tow, Lemese Ah Medical Microbiology Wheezing symptoms among children, present major health and economic problems globally. A recent study conducted in Canada observed a reduction in stool bacterial genera Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella and Rothia (FLVR) in three-month old infants with atopy-wheeze symptoms. It is not known whether this is true in different human populations worldwide. The overall aim of this dissertation was to investigate the contribution of any of the FLVR bacteria or their combination in the occurrence of infant wheezing within the Drakenstein Child Health Study (DCHS), South Africa. To address this aim, I began my thesis's project by conducting a systematic literature review which investigated the association of FLVR bacteria with the occurrence of different respiratory diseases in humans. My review provided evidence for the possible involvement of FLVR bacteria in human respiratory diseases, including asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis and pneumonia. Furthermore, this review highlighted the need for a well-designed and large study to investigate the contribution of the FLVR bacteria in respiratory diseases, in an African setting. Secondly, I optimized SYBR Green based real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as well as conventional PCR assays for the detection of FLVR bacteria. Using the optimized assays, I screened 533 stool samples collected from 140 wheezing and 140 nonwheezing infants. The optimized assays demonstrated good performance in the detection of FLVR bacteria from human stool samples. Using qPCR, Rothia, Veillonella, Faecalibacterium and Lachnospira were detected in 90% (479/533), 73% (388/533), 51% (274/533) and 14% (77/533) of the samples, respectively. Conventional PCR permitted the detection of Rothia, Veillonella, Faecalibacterium and Lachnospira in 55% (263/479), 74% (289/388), 53% (145/274) and 0% (0/77) of the qPCR positive samples, respectively. I also determined the factors associated with faecal colonization by FLVR bacteria in the first year of life. I showed that reduced colonisation by Faecalibacterium was associated with male gender (adjusted OR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.42 - 0.98) and TC-Newman residence (adjusted OR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.29 - 0.91). Breastfeeding was associated with less colonisation by both Lachnospira, (adjusted OR = 0.17, 95%CI: 0.05 - 0.49) and Veilonella (adjusted OR = 0.32, 95%CI: 0.10 - 0.91). Mother's tertiary education was significantly associated with high Rothia colonisation (adjusted OR = 11.73, 95%CI: 1.36 - 2.58). In the last section of my thesis, I assessed the association of FLVR bacteria with infant wheezing using logistic regression models. I found a significant association of Rothia with reduced risk of infant wheezing (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=0.54, 95%CI: 0.28-0.93) and recurrent wheezing (aOR=0.29, 95%CI: 0.05-0.88). Using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), I showed that among all FLVR bacteria, Lachnospira (AUROC = 0.833, 95%CI: 0.64-1.00) and Rothia (AUC=0.707, 95%CI: 0.62-0.79) could serve as biomarkers for early prediction of infant wheezing. Overall, this is the first study on FLVR bacteria and infant wheezing to be conducted in Africa. Its findings encourage more research to be conducted in order to elucidate the potential protective role of Rothia against childhood wheeze and asthma, as well as the contribution of Lachnospira in asthma development. 2022-10-21T12:01:29Z 2022-10-21T12:01:29Z 2019 2022-10-20T13:11:41Z Master Thesis Masters MSc http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36855 eng application/pdf Department of Pathology Faculty of Health Sciences |
| spellingShingle | Medical Microbiology Kanyemba, Saara Association of Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella, and Rothia with childhood wheezing |
| thesis_degree_str | Master's |
| title | Association of Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella, and Rothia with childhood wheezing |
| title_full | Association of Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella, and Rothia with childhood wheezing |
| title_fullStr | Association of Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella, and Rothia with childhood wheezing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella, and Rothia with childhood wheezing |
| title_short | Association of Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, Veillonella, and Rothia with childhood wheezing |
| title_sort | association of faecalibacterium lachnospira veillonella and rothia with childhood wheezing |
| topic | Medical Microbiology |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/36855 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kanyembasaara associationoffaecalibacteriumlachnospiraveillonellaandrothiawithchildhoodwheezing |