Seaworthiness - comparison of standards of seaworthiness in relation to the carriage of goods by sea & to marine insurance

At Common Law, every contract of carriage by sea, is subject to an implied undertaking, on the part of the shipowner ( or carrier), to provide a seaworthy vessel . It is , however, submitted that this implied undertaking may be varied or excluded by “clear and unambiguous” terms or words in the cont...

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