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Assessing the processes of determining adaptation finance needs: a comparative study of African NDCs
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) represent a key framework for climate action, outlining each country's commitment to reducing greenhouse gases and adapting to the impacts of climate change. In Africa, the significance of adaptation finance in supporting the implementation of NDCs cannot b...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English |
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Department of Environmental and Geographical Science
2025
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| _version_ | 1867613320905752576 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author | Murape, Natalie Tatenda |
| author2 | New, Mark |
| author_browse | Murape, Natalie Tatenda New, Mark |
| author_facet | New, Mark Murape, Natalie Tatenda |
| author_sort | Murape, Natalie Tatenda |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) represent a key framework for climate action, outlining each country's commitment to reducing greenhouse gases and adapting to the impacts of climate change. In Africa, the significance of adaptation finance in supporting the implementation of NDCs cannot be overstated, especially with most African countries requiring external financial support. To close the financial gap, the UNFCCC requested developing countries provide cost estimates for implementing their NDC commitments. However, most countries struggled to compute these estimates, and only a few managed to indicate both the estimates and costing processes. Previous research has looked at the overall cost of adaptation in developing countries; however, a comprehensive assessment to evaluate the robustness of processes used to determine adaptation finance needs expressed in NDCs is still lacking. This thesis solely assesses 27 African countries that submitted their 2021 NDCs in English. It documents the various approaches adopted and assesses their robustness against criteria based on the 'elements of adaptation communications', a framework adopted from the World Resource Institute. The framework provides guidelines on reporting national circumstances, assessing impacts, risks, vulnerability, adaptive capacity, and identifying financial needs. The thesis investigates costing methodologies and whether governments provided detailed information on impact and vulnerability assessments related to the adaptation options that require financial support. This qualitative analysis of the African NDCs revealed that most countries state the figures without providing information on the methodologies or processes of costing the adaptation actions. Although there is a growing recognition of the need to include detailed costing methodologies in NDCs, such reporting currently needs to happen. A context-based reporting format should be developed and standardized at a regional level, which can work as a blueprint for countries with similar national circumstances and exposure to climate impacts. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/41829 |
| institution | University of Cape Town (South Africa) |
| language | English eng |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:34:14.045Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Department of Environmental and Geographical Science |
| publisherStr | Department of Environmental and Geographical Science |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UCTD — University of Cape Town Open Access Repository |
| spelling | oai:open.uct.ac.za:11427/41829 Assessing the processes of determining adaptation finance needs: a comparative study of African NDCs Murape, Natalie Tatenda New, Mark Africa, NDCs, Adaptation finance and Climate change Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) represent a key framework for climate action, outlining each country's commitment to reducing greenhouse gases and adapting to the impacts of climate change. In Africa, the significance of adaptation finance in supporting the implementation of NDCs cannot be overstated, especially with most African countries requiring external financial support. To close the financial gap, the UNFCCC requested developing countries provide cost estimates for implementing their NDC commitments. However, most countries struggled to compute these estimates, and only a few managed to indicate both the estimates and costing processes. Previous research has looked at the overall cost of adaptation in developing countries; however, a comprehensive assessment to evaluate the robustness of processes used to determine adaptation finance needs expressed in NDCs is still lacking. This thesis solely assesses 27 African countries that submitted their 2021 NDCs in English. It documents the various approaches adopted and assesses their robustness against criteria based on the 'elements of adaptation communications', a framework adopted from the World Resource Institute. The framework provides guidelines on reporting national circumstances, assessing impacts, risks, vulnerability, adaptive capacity, and identifying financial needs. The thesis investigates costing methodologies and whether governments provided detailed information on impact and vulnerability assessments related to the adaptation options that require financial support. This qualitative analysis of the African NDCs revealed that most countries state the figures without providing information on the methodologies or processes of costing the adaptation actions. Although there is a growing recognition of the need to include detailed costing methodologies in NDCs, such reporting currently needs to happen. A context-based reporting format should be developed and standardized at a regional level, which can work as a blueprint for countries with similar national circumstances and exposure to climate impacts. 2025-09-16T09:13:00Z 2025-09-16T09:13:00Z 2025 2025-09-16T09:00:36Z Thesis / Dissertation Masters MSc http://hdl.handle.net/11427/41829 en eng application/pdf Department of Environmental and Geographical Science Faculty of Science University of Cape Town |
| spellingShingle | Africa, NDCs, Adaptation finance and Climate change Murape, Natalie Tatenda Assessing the processes of determining adaptation finance needs: a comparative study of African NDCs |
| thesis_degree_str | Master's |
| title | Assessing the processes of determining adaptation finance needs: a comparative study of African NDCs |
| title_full | Assessing the processes of determining adaptation finance needs: a comparative study of African NDCs |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the processes of determining adaptation finance needs: a comparative study of African NDCs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the processes of determining adaptation finance needs: a comparative study of African NDCs |
| title_short | Assessing the processes of determining adaptation finance needs: a comparative study of African NDCs |
| title_sort | assessing the processes of determining adaptation finance needs a comparative study of african ndcs |
| topic | Africa, NDCs, Adaptation finance and Climate change |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/11427/41829 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT murapenatalietatenda assessingtheprocessesofdeterminingadaptationfinanceneedsacomparativestudyofafricanndcs |