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Targeting selected diabetes-associated risks of atherogenesis with Bauhinia bowkeri stem bark extracts
Dissertation (MSc (Biochemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2025.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2025
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| _version_ | 1867613479325663232 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Mosa, Rebamang A |
| author_browse | Mosa, Rebamang A |
| author_facet | Mosa, Rebamang A |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2024 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc (Biochemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2025. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/103123 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:36:48.172Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/103123 Targeting selected diabetes-associated risks of atherogenesis with Bauhinia bowkeri stem bark extracts Mosa, Rebamang A purityn04@gmail.com Opoku, A. R Ndlangamandla, Nomthandazo Nobuhle UCTD Sustainable development goals (SDGs) Atherogenesis Diabetes complications Hyperglycemia Cardiovascular disease (CVD) Polyol pathway Dissertation (MSc (Biochemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2025. Atherosclerosis is the main underlying cause of diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease mortalities. Persistent hyperglycemia upregulates other glucose metabolising pathways such as polyol and protein glycation pathways. These pathways contribute to the AGEs formation and ROS production. AGEs and ROS can modify key proteins, including low-density lipoprotein (LDL). LDL’s oxidative modification is the major step in atherosclerosis pathogenesis. This study searched the potential of Bauhinia bowkeri extracts (hexane, dichloromethane and methanol) to inhibit the polyol pathway and LDL modification in vitro. The in vitro aldose reductase (ALR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibition assays were used to investigate the extracts’ potential to inhibit the polyol pathway activity. Their inhibitory activity on protein glycation was investigated on LDL (and BSA) using fructose and methylglyoxal as glycating agents. The extracts’ antioxidant activity was determined using the in vitro antioxidant assays like ferric reducing power, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging assays. Their antioxidant activity was also investigated in the copper sulphate-induced LDL peroxidation. The selected major compounds’ bioactivities were investigated using the same assays. In silico molecular docking against ALR and SDH was performed, and their ADMET properties were also studied. FTIR and GC-MS results indicated the presence of various compounds. The crude extracts showed high inhibitory activity on ALR with IC50 values ranging from 75-90.8 µg/ml, and low on SDH (IC50 185 µg/ml). The extracts also showed 59.6 - 77.8 % inhibitory activity on LDL glycation. In addition to high reducing potential, the extracts chelated Fe2+ ions and scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals. The extracts further showed antioxidant activity on LDL oxidation with a percentage range of 13 - 74 %. While all six selected compounds showed good ADMET properties, five showed good docking scores on ALR and SDH. Monoethylhexyl phthalate showed inhibitory activity on LDL glycation and oxidation, with the highest percentage inhibitions of 43.2 % and 54.13 %, respectively. The inhibition of the polyol pathway activity, and LDL glycation and oxidation, indicates the potential of B. bowkeri extracts and their compounds to be used as therapeutic agents in the amelioration of diabetes associated macrovascular complications, like atherosclerosis. National Research Foundation (NRF) The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology (BGM) MSc (Biochemistry) Unrestricted Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences SDG-03: Good health and well-being 2025-07-02T13:21:09Z 2025-07-02T13:21:09Z 2025-09 2025-01 Dissertation * S2025 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/103123 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.29435936.v1 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.29435936 en © 2024 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Sustainable development goals (SDGs) Atherogenesis Diabetes complications Hyperglycemia Cardiovascular disease (CVD) Polyol pathway Targeting selected diabetes-associated risks of atherogenesis with Bauhinia bowkeri stem bark extracts |
| title | Targeting selected diabetes-associated risks of atherogenesis with Bauhinia bowkeri stem bark extracts |
| title_full | Targeting selected diabetes-associated risks of atherogenesis with Bauhinia bowkeri stem bark extracts |
| title_fullStr | Targeting selected diabetes-associated risks of atherogenesis with Bauhinia bowkeri stem bark extracts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Targeting selected diabetes-associated risks of atherogenesis with Bauhinia bowkeri stem bark extracts |
| title_short | Targeting selected diabetes-associated risks of atherogenesis with Bauhinia bowkeri stem bark extracts |
| title_sort | targeting selected diabetes associated risks of atherogenesis with bauhinia bowkeri stem bark extracts |
| topic | UCTD Sustainable development goals (SDGs) Atherogenesis Diabetes complications Hyperglycemia Cardiovascular disease (CVD) Polyol pathway |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/103123 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.29435936.v1 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.29435936 |