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Establishment of in vitro persistent infection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 2 serotype and comparative viral genome analysis during acute and persistent infections
Dissertation (MSc (Veterinary Tropical Diseases))--University of Pretoria, 2024.
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University of Pretoria
2025
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| _version_ | 1867613518854881280 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Sibeko-Matjila, K.P. (Kgomotso Penelope)
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| author_browse | Sibeko-Matjila, K.P. (Kgomotso Penelope)
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| author_facet | Sibeko-Matjila, K.P. (Kgomotso Penelope)
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| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2024 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc (Veterinary Tropical Diseases))--University of Pretoria, 2024. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/103410 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:25.898Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/103410 Establishment of in vitro persistent infection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 2 serotype and comparative viral genome analysis during acute and persistent infections Sibeko-Matjila, K.P. (Kgomotso Penelope) nocakal@gmail.com Nefefe, T. Nocaka, Linda UCTD Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Persistent infections Acute infections Ammonium chloride Mutations Dissertation (MSc (Veterinary Tropical Diseases))--University of Pretoria, 2024. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious pathogen affecting global livestock production. This study aimed to establish persistent FMDV SAT 2 infection using ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) in vitro, a lysosomotropic agent that inhibits viral replication by increasing endosomal pH. Cytotoxicity assays determined NH4Cl’s effects on virus-free BHK-21 cells at concentrations of 10 mM, 15 mM, and 20 mM. Persistent infections were established by infecting BHK-21 cells at a multiplicity of infection (MOI = 0.001) and treating with NH4Cl, while acute infections were achieved without NH4Cl treatment. Acute infections exhibited extensive cytopathic effects (CPE), whereas persistent infections displayed delayed CPE. Real-time PCR confirmed reduced viral replication in NH4Cl-treated cultures, as indicated by higher Cq values (25–34) compared to acute infections (15–25). RNA sequencing revealed greater mutation accumulation in acute infections, with deletions and insertions predominantly occurring in non-structural protein (NSP) and 3’ UTR regions. Mutation rates increased over time in both infection types. This study demonstrates that NH4Cl effectively induces persistent SAT 2 FMDV infections in vitro by inhibiting replication and modulating viral evolution. These findings provide a valuable model for studying FMDV persistence and highlight key differences in viral adaptation between acute and persistent infections Veterinary Tropical Diseases MSc (Veterinary Tropical Diseases) Unrestricted Faculty of Veterinary Science SDG-01: No poverty 2025-07-16T12:47:25Z 2025-07-16T12:47:25Z 2025-09 2024-11 Dissertation * S2025 http://hdl.handle.net/2263/103410 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.29492738 en © 2024 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Persistent infections Acute infections Ammonium chloride Mutations Establishment of in vitro persistent infection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 2 serotype and comparative viral genome analysis during acute and persistent infections |
| title | Establishment of in vitro persistent infection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 2 serotype and comparative viral genome analysis during acute and persistent infections |
| title_full | Establishment of in vitro persistent infection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 2 serotype and comparative viral genome analysis during acute and persistent infections |
| title_fullStr | Establishment of in vitro persistent infection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 2 serotype and comparative viral genome analysis during acute and persistent infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Establishment of in vitro persistent infection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 2 serotype and comparative viral genome analysis during acute and persistent infections |
| title_short | Establishment of in vitro persistent infection of the foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT 2 serotype and comparative viral genome analysis during acute and persistent infections |
| title_sort | establishment of in vitro persistent infection of the foot and mouth disease virus sat 2 serotype and comparative viral genome analysis during acute and persistent infections |
| topic | UCTD Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Persistent infections Acute infections Ammonium chloride Mutations |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/103410 https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.29492738 |