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Describing blood acid-base response in dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome using three different methods
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2025.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2025
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| _version_ | 1867613546267803648 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Zeiler, Gareth Edward |
| author_browse | Zeiler, Gareth Edward |
| author_facet | Zeiler, Gareth Edward |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2024 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2025. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/107137 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:51.914Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/107137 Describing blood acid-base response in dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome using three different methods Zeiler, Gareth Edward antheamichaletos@gmail.com Schoeman, Johan Michaletos, Anthea Francis UCTD Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome (AHDS) Acid-base analysis Henderson-Hasselbach Stewart Semi-quantitative Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2025. Objective: To describe blood acid-base response in dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome (AHDS) using three different methods of analysis. Hypothesis: Dogs with AHDS have increased unmeasured strong anions compared to healthy dogs. Design: Prospective, observational study. Setting: Private referral hospital. Animals: A total of 20 dogs used in two groups as follows: 10 healthy age-, weight- and breed-matched dogs and 10 dogs with AHDS. Interventions: Blood that was collected from healthy dogs were used to establish an expected normal range (minimum and maximum limits of the ranges were calculated as mean ± 2 standard deviations). Jugular venous blood, AHDS index scores (0 – 3: insignificant disease; 4 – 5: mild AHDS; 6 – 8: moderate AHDS; 9 – 18: severe AHDS) and intravenous fluid infusion volumes (mL/kg) were collected at presentation (0H) and then at set hour-intervals post presentation (4H, 8H, 12H, 16H, 20H, 24H, 36H, 48H and 60H). Blood was analysed to measure or calculate acid-base variables used in three different methods of analysis: 1) traditional, 2) Stewart theory, and 3) semi-quantitative theory approaches. Longitudinal data were compared using a general lineal mixed model with post-hoc comparisons using Dunnett's method (control variable: values at 0H) and significance was P < 0.05 and data were reported as median (minimum – maximum). Measurements and main results: The pH, at 0H, was 7.31 (7.22 – 7.49) and classified as acidaemic with a wide anion gap of 24.6 (13.1 – 27.6) mmol/L because of a raised venous carbon dioxide tension [48 (26 – 51) mmHg], negative base excess of extracellular fluid [-5.4((-8.0) – (-2.4)) mmol/L] and acidaemic lactate effect [-3.5 ((-5.4) – (-1.2)) mmol/L]. The pH normalised by 4H (P < 0.0001) in response to fluid administration where 37 (29 – 63) mL/kg was given over the 4-hour period. Whereas the AHDS clinical index score was classified as ‘insignificant disease’ by 48H. The pH remained within normal reference intervals until 60H and fluid rates were 3 mL/kg/hour from 8H onwards. The bicarbonate and haemoglobin buffer systems played a role in blood acid-base homeostasis. Conclusions: The acidaemia at presentation in dogs with AHDS was related to hypovolaemia and all derangements were corrected by fluid resuscitation. All three methods of analysis were useful in interpreting the complex interplay between acidifying and alkalinising effects and blood buffers. Companion Animal Clinical Studies MSc Unrestricted Faculty of Veterinary Science SDG-03: Good health and well-being SDG-15: Life on land 2025-12-08T13:04:02Z 2025-12-08T13:04:02Z 2025-11 2025-09 Dissertation * http://hdl.handle.net/2263/107137 en © 2024 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome (AHDS) Acid-base analysis Henderson-Hasselbach Stewart Semi-quantitative Describing blood acid-base response in dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome using three different methods |
| title | Describing blood acid-base response in dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome using three different methods |
| title_full | Describing blood acid-base response in dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome using three different methods |
| title_fullStr | Describing blood acid-base response in dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome using three different methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Describing blood acid-base response in dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome using three different methods |
| title_short | Describing blood acid-base response in dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome using three different methods |
| title_sort | describing blood acid base response in dogs with acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome using three different methods |
| topic | UCTD Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Acute haemorrhagic diarrhoea syndrome (AHDS) Acid-base analysis Henderson-Hasselbach Stewart Semi-quantitative |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/107137 |