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Diversity and distribution of bees (Hymenoptera) in southern African Savannah
Dissertation (MSc (Entomology))--University of Pretoria, 2016.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1867613585628200960 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Robertson, Mark P. |
| author_browse | Robertson, Mark P. |
| author_facet | Robertson, Mark P. |
| collection | Thesis |
| description | Dissertation (MSc (Entomology))--University of Pretoria, 2016. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/110134 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:38:29.059Z |
| license_str | Not specified — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publishDateRange | 2026 |
| publishDateSort | 2026 |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/110134 Diversity and distribution of bees (Hymenoptera) in southern African Savannah Robertson, Mark P. beukmang@gmail.com Wossle, Theresa C. Beukman, Gary Bees southern African Savannah Malaise traps pan traps collections data SDM s-SDM species richness future sampling. Dissertation (MSc (Entomology))--University of Pretoria, 2016. Bees are considered the most important pollinators of flowering plants, and are of utmost ecological and economic importance. Greater knowledge on the ecological trends governing bee species richness and their distributions are needed. The decline of pollinators in the last decade highlights the urgency to identify areas with high levels of bee species richness. Additionally, only two-thirds of the world’s estimated bee species have been described, and it is considered to be even less in Africa where large areas have not been sampled. By improving sampling coverage of bees through the use of successful sampling methods, the current gaps in African bee diversity patterns and their distributions may be assessed. Firstly, cost- and time-efficient bee sampling methods which do not require trained personnel or surveyors, namely Malaise traps and pan traps, were investigated. This was only the second study that showed Malaise traps to be the most successful at sampling bee diversity and iii abundance. It is recommended that blue, yellow and white pan traps are also included alongside Malaise traps for surveying bees. Species richness maps are generated using collections data, namely sampled specimens housed in museums. These datasets are often spatially biased and result in incomplete species richness maps. Species distribution modelling (SDM) has been successful in predicting distributions of species even with spatial biases present in collections data. The feasibility of utilizing SDM techniques to identify future sampling sites was tested. Electronic records of collections data of bees, housed in South African museums were used and the sampling adequacy tested. A total of 13 bee species that were only sampled in southern African Savannah, which had more than 10 occurrence records, were selected from the electronic database, and SDM techniques were used to predict the distributions. The predicted distributions of the 13 species were stacked to produce a species richness map. Future sampling sites were identified in the eastern of South Africa, including Lesotho and Swaziland, central to southern Mpumalanga, south-eastern Botswana, and central Malawi. The methodology in the current thesis shows promise to identify future sampling sites for southern African bees. Zoology and Entomology MSc (Entomology) 2026-05-15T17:26:24Z 2026-05-15T17:26:24Z 16/07/20 2016 Dissertation http://hdl.handle.net/2263/110134 en application/pdf |
| spellingShingle | Bees southern African Savannah Malaise traps pan traps collections data SDM s-SDM species richness future sampling. Diversity and distribution of bees (Hymenoptera) in southern African Savannah |
| title | Diversity and distribution of bees (Hymenoptera) in southern African Savannah |
| title_full | Diversity and distribution of bees (Hymenoptera) in southern African Savannah |
| title_fullStr | Diversity and distribution of bees (Hymenoptera) in southern African Savannah |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity and distribution of bees (Hymenoptera) in southern African Savannah |
| title_short | Diversity and distribution of bees (Hymenoptera) in southern African Savannah |
| title_sort | diversity and distribution of bees hymenoptera in southern african savannah |
| topic | Bees southern African Savannah Malaise traps pan traps collections data SDM s-SDM species richness future sampling. |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/110134 |