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A 5 GHz BiCMOS I/Q VCO with 360° variable phase outputs using the vector sum method
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2009.
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University of Pretoria
2013
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| _version_ | 1867613500456566784 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Sinha, Saurabh |
| author_browse | Sinha, Saurabh |
| author_facet | Sinha, Saurabh |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © University of Pretoria 2009 C180/ |
| description | Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2009. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/23858 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:08.286Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateRange | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/23858 A 5 GHz BiCMOS I/Q VCO with 360° variable phase outputs using the vector sum method Sinha, Saurabh tjara@ieee.org Opperman, Tjaart Adriaan Kruger Vector sum method Variable gain amplifier Vga Inductor capacitor Phase noise Vco Silicon germanium Sige Lc Digital-to-analogue converter Integrated circuit Ic Rf Radio frequency Local oscillator Gilbert mixer Bicmos Bipolar cmos Voltage controlled oscillator Phase shifter Phased array antenna Lo Dac UCTD Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2009. This research looks into the design of an integrated in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) VCO operating at 5 GHz. The goal is to design a phase shifter that is implemented at the LO used for RF up conversion. The target application for the phase shifter is towards phased array antennas operating at 5 GHz. Instead of designing multiple VCOs that each deliver a variety of phases, two identical LC-VCOs are coupled together to oscillate at the same frequency and deliver four outputs that are 90 ° out of phase. By varying the amplitudes of the in-phase and quadrature signals independently using VGAs before adding them together, a resultant out-of-phase signal is obtained. A number of independently variable out-of-phase signals can be obtained from these 90 ° out-of-phase signals and this technique is better known as the vector sum method of phase shifting. Control signals to the inputs of the VGAs required to obtain 22.5 ° phase shifts were designed from simulations and are generated using 16-bit DACs. The design is implemented and manufactured using a 0.35 µm SiGe BiCMOS process and the complete prototype IC occupies an area of 2.65 × 2.65 mm2. The I/Q VCO with 360 ° variable phase outputs occupies 1.10 × 0.85 mm2 of chip area and the 16-bit DAC along with its decoding circuitry occupies 0.41 × 0.13 mm2 of chip area. The manufactured quadrature VCO was found to oscillate between 4.12 ~ 4.74 GHz and consumes 23.1 mW from a 3.3 V supply without its buffer circuitry. A maximum phase noise of -78.5 dBc / Hz at a 100 kHz offset and -108.17 dBc / Hz at a 1 MHz offset was measured and the minimum VCO figure of merit is 157.8 dBc / Hz. The output voltages of the 16 bit DAC are within 3.5 % of the design specifications. When the phase shifter is controlled by the 16 DAC signals, the maximum measured phase error of the phase shifter is lower than 10 %. Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering unrestricted 2013-09-06T16:01:48Z 2009-04-08 2013-09-06T16:01:48Z 2009-04-17 2009-04-08 2009-04-08 Dissertation a 2009 C180/eo http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23858 http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04082009-171225/ © University of Pretoria 2009 C180/ application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | Vector sum method Variable gain amplifier Vga Inductor capacitor Phase noise Vco Silicon germanium Sige Lc Digital-to-analogue converter Integrated circuit Ic Rf Radio frequency Local oscillator Gilbert mixer Bicmos Bipolar cmos Voltage controlled oscillator Phase shifter Phased array antenna Lo Dac UCTD A 5 GHz BiCMOS I/Q VCO with 360° variable phase outputs using the vector sum method |
| title | A 5 GHz BiCMOS I/Q VCO with 360° variable phase outputs using the vector sum method |
| title_full | A 5 GHz BiCMOS I/Q VCO with 360° variable phase outputs using the vector sum method |
| title_fullStr | A 5 GHz BiCMOS I/Q VCO with 360° variable phase outputs using the vector sum method |
| title_full_unstemmed | A 5 GHz BiCMOS I/Q VCO with 360° variable phase outputs using the vector sum method |
| title_short | A 5 GHz BiCMOS I/Q VCO with 360° variable phase outputs using the vector sum method |
| title_sort | 5 ghz bicmos i q vco with 360° variable phase outputs using the vector sum method |
| topic | Vector sum method Variable gain amplifier Vga Inductor capacitor Phase noise Vco Silicon germanium Sige Lc Digital-to-analogue converter Integrated circuit Ic Rf Radio frequency Local oscillator Gilbert mixer Bicmos Bipolar cmos Voltage controlled oscillator Phase shifter Phased array antenna Lo Dac UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23858 http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04082009-171225/ |