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Catalytic graphitisation of refcoal cokes
Dissertation (MSc (Chemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2008.
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| Format: | Thesis |
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University of Pretoria
2013
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| _version_ | 1867613451999772672 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Focke, Walter Wilhelm |
| author_browse | Focke, Walter Wilhelm |
| author_facet | Focke, Walter Wilhelm |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © University of Pretoria 2007 E991/ |
| description | Dissertation (MSc (Chemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2008. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/25442 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:36:21.928Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateRange | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/25442 Catalytic graphitisation of refcoal cokes Focke, Walter Wilhelm s25480279@tuks.co.za Nyathi, Mhlwazi Solomon Refcoal Coke Carbonisation Catalytic graphitisation Catalyst Graphite UCTD Dissertation (MSc (Chemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2008. Synthetic graphite is an important industrial material, used in nuclear reactors, electrodes and many other applications. Graphitisation of coke is the solid-state transformation of the disordered carbon atoms into a well-ordered hexagonal graphite structure, requiring temperatures as high as 2 600 ºC. Catalytic graphitisation using metals or metal compounds allows the rearrangement of atoms to occur at lower temperatures. The extent of catalytic graphitisation is markedly dependent on the structural ordering of the parent coke, the catalyst concentration and the reaction conditions. Solvent extraction of coal using dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent yields a refined coal solution referred to as Refcoal solution. Cokes of solvent-refined Tshikondeni coal derivatives have been found to be graphitisable. The activity of acetylacetonate and hydroxyquinolinate complexes of Al, Ca, Cu, Fe and Zr for catalysing the graphitisation of Refcoal cokes at 1 600 and 2 000 ºC was investigated. The effect of residence time on the catalytic graphitisation of Refcoal cokes was investigated by heat-treating cokes for two and six hours at 1 600 °C. For iron(III)acetylacetonate, the effect of metal concentrations was studied. Samples were analysed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and optical microscope techniques. The results show that calcium(II)acetylacetonate catalyses the graphitisation of Refcoal cokes. The degree of graphitisation increases with an increase in the iron concentration. However, iron promotes localised graphitisation, probably in the vicinity of the catalyst particles. Chemistry unrestricted 2013-09-06T21:33:58Z 2008-08-19 2013-09-06T21:33:58Z 2008-04-23 2008-08-19 2008-06-11 Dissertation a 2007 E991/gm http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25442 http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06112008-134204/ © University of Pretoria 2007 E991/ application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | Refcoal Coke Carbonisation Catalytic graphitisation Catalyst Graphite UCTD Catalytic graphitisation of refcoal cokes |
| title | Catalytic graphitisation of refcoal cokes |
| title_full | Catalytic graphitisation of refcoal cokes |
| title_fullStr | Catalytic graphitisation of refcoal cokes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Catalytic graphitisation of refcoal cokes |
| title_short | Catalytic graphitisation of refcoal cokes |
| title_sort | catalytic graphitisation of refcoal cokes |
| topic | Refcoal Coke Carbonisation Catalytic graphitisation Catalyst Graphite UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25442 http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06112008-134204/ |