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The effect of falciparum malaria prevalence on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine during pregnancy in reducing low birth weight in southern Mozambique
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
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University of Pretoria
2013
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| _version_ | 1867613590783000576 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Rheeder, Paul |
| author_browse | Rheeder, Paul |
| author_facet | Rheeder, Paul |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2012, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria |
| description | Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/29732 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:38:34.370Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateRange | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/29732 The effect of falciparum malaria prevalence on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine during pregnancy in reducing low birth weight in southern Mozambique Rheeder, Paul Barnes, K.I. yascassam@gmail.com Cassam, Yasmin Low birth weight (LBW) Falciparum malaria Pregnancy Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine UCTD Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013. Malaria infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical countries, and particularly in Mozambique. Recently substantial resources have been used to reduce the burden of malaria in Mozambique. These include the distribution of insecticide treated bed-nets, indoor residual insecticide spraying, access to artemisinin-based combination treatment (ACT), and intermittent preventive treatment of pregnant women with sulfadoxine-pyrimetamine (SP-IPTp). The most important benefit of SP-IPTp in malaria endemic areas has been the increase in birth weight, thus increasing the probability of child survival. The SP-IPTp policy was based on evidence of its effectiveness in areas of high intensity malaria transmission. The effect of SP-IPTp has been less evident in the presence of high coverage with insecticide treated bed-nets. It is not know whether reducing the risk of malaria through effective vector control using indoor residual insecticide spraying and large-scale deployment of ACTs has a similar effect in reducing the impact of SP-IPTp on birth weight. At the same time, increasing resistance of SP could be compromising the effect of SP-IPTp on birth weight, as could co-infection with HIV. The aim of this study was to determine if the effect of SP-IPTp on reduction in risk of low birth weight is modified by Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence. This retrospective antenatal record review, analyzed 20867 antenatal records from 2005 to 2007 from public health facilities in Maputo and Gaza provinces, southern Mozambique. One or two doses of SP-IPTp does not have any effect on reducing the risk of low birth weight, while women who had at least three doses of SP-IPTp had a 15% lower risk of their babies being born with low birth weigh compared with fewer doses, (OR=0.85; 95% CI 0.73 – 1.00; p=0.053). The risk of babies being born with low birth weight was reduced by 28% when both malaria prevalence and dhfr / dhps mutation prevalence are low, (OR=0.72; 95% CI 0.51 – 1.00), but this effect was no longer significant with higher malaria prevalence and or mutation prevalence. SP-IPTp has an effect on reducing low birth weight with three or more doses, and in areas where malaria prevalence and mutation prevalence are low. Copyright Clinical Epidemiology unrestricted 2013-09-07T16:25:59Z 2013-01-07 2013-09-07T16:25:59Z 2012-09-07 2013-01-07 2012-11-23 Dissertation Cassam, Y 2012, The effect of falciparum malaria prevalence on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine during pregnancy in reducing low birth weight in southern Mozambique, MSc dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29732 > 12/9/194/gm http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29732 http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11232012-160055/ © 2012, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | Low birth weight (LBW) Falciparum malaria Pregnancy Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine UCTD The effect of falciparum malaria prevalence on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine during pregnancy in reducing low birth weight in southern Mozambique |
| title | The effect of falciparum malaria prevalence on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine during pregnancy in reducing low birth weight in southern Mozambique |
| title_full | The effect of falciparum malaria prevalence on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine during pregnancy in reducing low birth weight in southern Mozambique |
| title_fullStr | The effect of falciparum malaria prevalence on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine during pregnancy in reducing low birth weight in southern Mozambique |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effect of falciparum malaria prevalence on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine during pregnancy in reducing low birth weight in southern Mozambique |
| title_short | The effect of falciparum malaria prevalence on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine during pregnancy in reducing low birth weight in southern Mozambique |
| title_sort | effect of falciparum malaria prevalence on the effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine pyrimethamine during pregnancy in reducing low birth weight in southern mozambique |
| topic | Low birth weight (LBW) Falciparum malaria Pregnancy Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29732 http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11232012-160055/ |