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Estimation of selected nitrogen compounds, nickel and phosphates in foodstuffs by continuous flow systems
Thesis (PhD (Chemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2007.
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University of Pretoria
2013
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| _version_ | 1867613526454960128 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Van Staden, J.F. |
| author_browse | Van Staden, J.F. |
| author_facet | Van Staden, J.F. |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2001, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Thesis (PhD (Chemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2007. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/30549 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:37:33.114Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateRange | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/30549 Estimation of selected nitrogen compounds, nickel and phosphates in foodstuffs by continuous flow systems Van Staden, J.F. upetd@up.ac.za Makhafola, Makhapa Abia Flow injection analysis food phosphorus content Flow injection analysis food nickel content Flow injection analysis food nitrogen compounds UCTD Thesis (PhD (Chemistry))--University of Pretoria, 2007. Flow injection analysis offers distinct advantages in reproducibility, flexibility, sample throughput and cost performance. Since it was introduced in 1975, there are more than 10 000 publications to date. The present study focuses on the development of process analysers for the determination of nitrogen compounds (namely, nitrate, nitrite and protein), nickel, and phosphate in various combination in samples originating from various fields, such as foodstuffs, water, and fertilisers. Nitrite is potentially unstable; it decomposes with time under acidic medium with an increase in decomposition rate as the concentration of acid increases. Raman spectroscopy was employed as a means of determining the rate of decomposition of nitrite in solutions at various pH values. A simple method for the determination of nitrite in foodstuffs by flow injection analysis (FIA) is described. The foodstuffs containing nitrite are digested in a microwave oven and then treated with 1 moℓ/Q NH4CI solution at pH 9. The simultaneous determination of nitrate and nitrite in foodstuffs and water was also studied. Cadmium (coarse powder) was used to reduce nitrate to nitrite. The effect of pH, length of reductor column, and various types of cadmium reductor on the yield of nitrite are investigated. The flow injection method was developed for the spectrophotometric determination of nickel in cured meat. Dimethylglyoxime (DMG) in acetate buffer at pH 6.4 nickel forms a red complex which is measured at 475 nm. The effects of chemical and physical parameters in flow injection analysis were studied. A new bienzymatic amperometric sensor is proposed for the assay of proteins in milk. The sensor is based on two enzymes, namely, carboxypeptidases A and L-amino acid oxidase. The use of flow injection analysis and Raman spectroscopy for the determination of phosphate in foodstuffs and fertilisers, is also compared in this study. Chemistry unrestricted 2013-09-07T19:19:58Z 2006-02-23 2013-09-07T19:19:58Z 2001-04-01 2007-02-23 2006-02-22 Thesis Makhafola, MA 2001, Estimation of selected nitrogen compounds, nickel and phosphates in foodstuffs by continuous flow systems, PhD thesis, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30549 > H708/ag http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30549 http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02222006-150106/ © 2001, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | Flow injection analysis food phosphorus content Flow injection analysis food nickel content Flow injection analysis food nitrogen compounds UCTD Estimation of selected nitrogen compounds, nickel and phosphates in foodstuffs by continuous flow systems |
| title | Estimation of selected nitrogen compounds, nickel and phosphates in foodstuffs by continuous flow systems |
| title_full | Estimation of selected nitrogen compounds, nickel and phosphates in foodstuffs by continuous flow systems |
| title_fullStr | Estimation of selected nitrogen compounds, nickel and phosphates in foodstuffs by continuous flow systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimation of selected nitrogen compounds, nickel and phosphates in foodstuffs by continuous flow systems |
| title_short | Estimation of selected nitrogen compounds, nickel and phosphates in foodstuffs by continuous flow systems |
| title_sort | estimation of selected nitrogen compounds nickel and phosphates in foodstuffs by continuous flow systems |
| topic | Flow injection analysis food phosphorus content Flow injection analysis food nickel content Flow injection analysis food nitrogen compounds UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30549 http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02222006-150106/ |