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Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
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University of Pretoria
2013
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| _version_ | 1867613703020478464 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Berger, David Kenneth |
| author_browse | Berger, David Kenneth |
| author_facet | Berger, David Kenneth |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2011, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/31297 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:40:21.476Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| publishDateRange | 2013 |
| publishDateSort | 2013 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/31297 Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa Berger, David Kenneth erika.vanderwalt@fabi.up.ac.za Van Wyk, Abraham Erasmus (Braam) Viljoen, Erika UCTD Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011. The family Solanaceae consists of many important crop species such as tomatoes, potatoes and peppers. The Solanum nigrum complex (black nightshades) also form part of this family and are an emerging, important food source in parts of Africa. Both leaves and ripe fruits are consumed. Additional advantages of the nightshades include several medicinal properties, high nutritional value and natural resistance mechanisms against many disease causing pathogens of the Solanaceae. The objectives of this study were to compare accessions used for “nastergal” jam production in the Highveld of South Africa to reference species of the S. nigrum complex using (i) morphological (ii) ploidy and (iii) molecular information. Twenty-nine morphological traits separated the farm-collected samples into three distinct groups. Flow cytometry indicated the presence of a polyploidy series (diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid entities), and the presence of possible hybridization events within the complex. ITS rRNA and three chloroplast genes (matK, ndhF and rbcL) were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. ITS yielded 19 informative sites across 600bp, while only six informative sites were identified across 3600bp of chloroplast gene sequences. Chloroplast genes yielded few phylogenetically informative sites, and were not able to distinguish between nightshade accessions. Diversity array technology, a whole genome genotyping approach on microarrays, produced 1145 polymorphic markers between the accessions. ITS rRNA gene sequencing and DArT data produced similar results, with three main groups distinguished, supported by morphological data. Our data suggests that farmers are using fruits of Solanum retroflexum, Solanum chenopodioides and Solanum americanum for jam production. Future work includes measuring levels of vitamin C, proteins, sugars and anthocyanins in the berries, as well as solanine content to shed light on assumptions concerning the toxicity of unripe berries. The results obtained could aid in the identification of germplasm which would be suitable to initiate breeding programs for enhanced physiological or metabolic traits for high quality jam production. Plant Science Unrestricted 2013-09-09T12:10:25Z 2011-09-23 2013-09-09T12:10:25Z 2011-09-09 2011-09-23 2011-09-23 Dissertation Viljoen, E 2011, Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa, MSc dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09232011-143714/ > E11/9/169/hv http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31297 http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09232011-143714/ © 2011, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | UCTD Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa |
| title | Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa |
| title_full | Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa |
| title_short | Morphology and genetic relationships in members of the Solanum nigrum L. complex used for jam production in the Highveld of South Africa |
| title_sort | morphology and genetic relationships in members of the solanum nigrum l complex used for jam production in the highveld of south africa |
| topic | UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31297 http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09232011-143714/ |