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Field trial to evaluate the brucellin skin test in cattle in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
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University of Pretoria
2014
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| _version_ | 1867613488127410176 |
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| access_status_str | Open Access |
| author2 | Michel, Anita Luise |
| author_browse | Michel, Anita Luise |
| author_facet | Michel, Anita Luise |
| collection | Thesis |
| dc_rights_str_mv | © 2012 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. |
| description | Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012. |
| format | Thesis |
| id | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/33370 |
| institution | University of Pretoria (South Africa) |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-06-10T12:36:56.516Z |
| license_str | Other — see source repository |
| provenance_str_mv | Harvested via OAI-PMH from UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateRange | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | University of Pretoria |
| publisherStr | University of Pretoria |
| record_format | dspace |
| source_str | UPSpace — University of Pretoria Institutional Repository |
| spelling | oai:repository.up.ac.za:2263/33370 Field trial to evaluate the brucellin skin test in cattle in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa Michel, Anita Luise nyanhongo@yahoo.com Godfroid, Jacques Nyanhongo, Nhamo Brucellosis Cattle -- Diseases Aborting herd-mates Dairy products Unpasteurised milk Infected animals Brucellosis vaccines South Africa UCTD Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2012. Brucellosis is a disease of socio-economic and zoonotic importance worldwide. In animals it is associated with the ingestion of feed that is contaminated with cyetic material from aborting herd-mates, while in humans it is associated with the consumption of unpasteurised milk and dairy products from infected animals. It may also be acquired from contact with infected material of animal origin by farmers, veterinarians, and abattoir and laboratory workers. Brucellosis was first reported in South Africa in the late nineteenth century. It is still present in the country today, with reported annual losses of at least R 300 million, and a national annual incidence of 5 000 cases in humans. The global incidence of human brucellosis is about half a million infections annually. As the incidence of human brucellosis is directly associated with prevalence in animals, control of animal brucellosis is emphasised. Veterinary control is compromised by the chronic nature and the variable incubation period of the disease, with an estimated up to 15% of cattle in infected herds aborting before sero-conversion. Latency, which involves about 5% of calves born from infected dams, is also problematic as these infected animals often test seronegative, only to seroconvert in the peri-parturient period, thus allowing opportunity for disease spread within and between herds before diagnosis is made. In addition, the currently used serological tests are at times unable to distinguish brucellosis from cross-reacting antibodies from other infections or brucellosis vaccines. x It was the objective of this study to investigate, under South African conditions, the value of the brucellin skin test (BST) in improving the sensitivity and specificity of the currently used serological tests. It has proved a valuable additional test in diagnosing early and latent infections as well as in differentiating brucellosis from cross-reacting organisms in unvaccinated cattle in Europe. The study also evaluated the benefit of replacing some of the currently used serological assays with the fluorescence polarisation assay (FPA). The FPA, a rapid and homogenous serological test with only a few operational steps, has been validated and is in current use in Canada. The study was carried out in Mpumalanga Province, on herds selected to reflect prevailing South African farming conditions. These herds were divided into certified Brucella abortus-negative herds (608 head) for the estimation of BST specificity, and confirmed B. abortus-infected herds (845 head) for the estimation of BST sensitivity. The results obtained indicated the BST had a specificity of 99.18%, and a relative sensitivity of 42.86%. However, 65.38% of BST-positive animals were negative on serology. When the high specificity is considered, together with the experiences of other researchers who found that the skin test became positive earlier than serological tests, these animals may be assumed infected. It is concluded that the BST is a valuable addition to the panel of diagnostic tests currently used to identify infected herds and individuals in South Africa. The FPA, with a relative sensitivity of 93.65% and a specificity of 98.85%, can potentially be of use as a screening test under South African conditions. gm2014 Veterinary Tropical Diseases unrestricted 2014-02-11T05:15:01Z 2014-02-11T05:15:01Z 2013-09-06 2012 Dissertation Nyanhongo, N 2012, Field trial to evaluate the brucellin skin test in cattle in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa, MSc dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd <http://hdl.handle.net/2263/33370> E13/9/1127/gm http://hdl.handle.net/2263/33370 en © 2012 University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. application/pdf University of Pretoria |
| spellingShingle | Brucellosis Cattle -- Diseases Aborting herd-mates Dairy products Unpasteurised milk Infected animals Brucellosis vaccines South Africa UCTD Field trial to evaluate the brucellin skin test in cattle in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa |
| title | Field trial to evaluate the brucellin skin test in cattle in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa |
| title_full | Field trial to evaluate the brucellin skin test in cattle in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Field trial to evaluate the brucellin skin test in cattle in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Field trial to evaluate the brucellin skin test in cattle in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa |
| title_short | Field trial to evaluate the brucellin skin test in cattle in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa |
| title_sort | field trial to evaluate the brucellin skin test in cattle in the mpumalanga province south africa |
| topic | Brucellosis Cattle -- Diseases Aborting herd-mates Dairy products Unpasteurised milk Infected animals Brucellosis vaccines South Africa UCTD |
| url | http://hdl.handle.net/2263/33370 |